Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for remotely controlling a sol-gel transition of hydrogels and a method for delivering a drug using the same. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of remotely controlling a sol-gel transition of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-containing hydrogels—three-dimensional networks of crosslinked polymer chains—by X-ray irradiation, and relates to a method for delivering a drug using the same.

Abstract: Cripto, a developmental oncoprotein, antagonizes activin and TGF-b signaling by forming a complex with activin and TGF-b and their type II receptors. This complex precludes the formation of a functional activin/TGF-b•type II•type I complex, thereby blocking the signaling of activin and TGF-b. Cripto may be generally capable of blocking antiproliferative Smad2/3 signals and provides a novel mechanism of oncogenic action with multiple therapeutic implications. Inhibiting the formation of Cripto and activin/TGF-b complex may enhance antiproliferative effects of activin and TGF-b.

Abstract: A recombinant herpesvirus, a method for producing the recombinant herpesvirus, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant herpesvirus, are provided with a method for producing a recombinant herpesvirus using a BAC vector sequence. In addition, a vector comprising a herpesvirus genomic gene and a BAC vector sequence, a cell comprising the vector, and a nucleic acid cassette comprising a fragment, which is capable of homologous recombination with a herpesvirus genome, and a BAC vector sequence, are provided.

Abstract: A method of downloading data in a peer-to-peer service on a wired and wireless integrated network and a node therefore includes downloading the data to a requester node only through wired nodes among a plurality of nodes located in a download path between the requester node which requests the data and a holder node which has the data. Thereby, the file download rate can be improved, without reducing the retrieval success ratio according to the peer-to-peer method, and the storage space for the data of each node can be saved.

Abstract: A series of methods that utilize the incremental truncation of nucleic acids are described to create a plurality of modified nucleic acids and hybrid polypeptides. A plurality of substantially all possible single base-pair deletions of a given nucleic acid sequence is created. A method of making shuffled incremental truncated nucleic acids, which is independent of nucleic acid sequence homology, is also described. These methods can be used in protein engineering, protein folding, protein evolution, and the chemical synthesis of novel hybrid proteins and polypeptides.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling the transmission power of a terminal transmitting frames in a wireless communication system, the frames having a frame structure including a header field containing information related to a transmission rate and length of data transmitted in a frame and a data field having the data. The transmitting terminal transmits the header field to a receiving terminal at a maximum transmit power level available to the transmitting terminal so that second terminals other than the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal within the wireless communication system can identify that resources are in use. The transmitting terminal transmits the data field at an optimum transmit power level great enough to allow the data field to reach the receiving terminal.

Abstract: A method of managing a routing table by interoperating with a routing block and a radio resource management (RRM)/scheduling block in a plurality of nodes of a multi-hop system, the method including computing a traffic load rate of each path which transmits traffic and updating the routing table with the computed traffic load rate via the routing block; and updating a plurality of metrics included in the routing table based on the traffic load rate and information transmitted from a neighbor node via the RRM/scheduling block.

Abstract: A nucleoside analogue compound is provided which has a six-membered aromatic ring system, the aromatic ring system being substituted in the para position with an unbranched unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy moiety, wherein the alkyl or alkoxy moiety, in total, has from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. This compound shows anti-vira1 activity, for example with respect to varicella zoster virus and can thus be used in therapeutic methods for the prophylaxis and treatment of viral infections such as varicella zoster virus.

Abstract: A scrub typhus diagnostic method and vaccine using a composition comprising truncated r47 protein and truncated r56 protein is disclosed. Vaccines composed of r56 protein variants are also disclosed. Methods of reducing HIV viral loads using r47 and r56 proteins and antibodies raised against r47 and r56 are also disclosed.

Abstract: A synthesis route to grow textured thin film of gallium nitride on amorphous quartz substrates and on single crystalline substrates such as c-sapphire and polycrystalline substrates such as pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN), alumina and quartz using the dissolution of atomic nitrogen rather than molecular nitrogen to allow for growth at subatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated or recombinant Na+/H+ exchanger comprising an isolated or recombinant Na+/H+ exchanger, particularly to the PBO-4 Na+/H+ exchanger. Also disclosed is an isolated or recombinant protein component of an H+-gated channel which can be affected by extracellular Ca2+ concentration. In particular, the invention relates to PBO-5 and/or PBO-8 and/or a H+-gated channel composed of PBO-5 and PBO-8. The invention relates to compounds isolated from a vertebrate organism, wherein said compounds comprise at least a part of a H+-gated channel or Na+/H+ exchanger. The invention also relates to a method for identifying a component of a H+-gated channel in a vertebrate organism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the synthesis of ?2-amino acids. The method also provides methods yielding ?-substituted ?-amino aldehydes and ?-substituted ?-amino alcohols. The present method according to this invention allows for increased yield and easier purification using minimal chromatography or crystallization. The methods described herein are based on an aldehyde aminomethylation which involves a Mannich reaction between an aldehyde and a formaldehyde-derived N,O-acetal (iminium precursor) and a catalyst, such as, for example, L-proline or a pyrrolidine. The invention allows for large scale, commercial preparation of ?2-amino acids.

Abstract: The use of collectins and/or surfactant proteins for the treatment and prevention of ocular disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agricultural water-recycling system comprising an iron (Fe)-ionizing module and a method of recycling agricultural water using the same, and more particularly to an agricultural water-recycling system comprising an iron (Fe)-ionizing module and a method of recycling agricultural water using the same, in which phosphorus (P) contained in effluent from a sewage treatment plant is removed by using the iron (Fe)-ionizing module comprising an iron (Fe)-ionizing electrode consisting of an iron plate serving as a cathode and a titanium plate serving as an anode and an electrode-washing device. According to the present invention, an effluent treatment process of a sewage treatment plant and an electrode washing process needed for iron ionization can be simultaneously performed, the iron ionization is controlled depending on the concentration of phosphorus contained in the effluent, thereby improving effluent treatment efficiency.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for treating and/or pre-treating or preconditioning the animal central nervous system against the effects of Alzheimer's Disease including the associated neurodegeneration and cognitive, behavioral and physical impairments. In one embodiment, an effective dose of deferoxamine (DFO) is administered to the upper one-third of the subject patient's nasal cavity to effectively bypass the blood-brain barrier, thereby allowing application of the DFO dose directly to the central nervous system.

Abstract: An expression cassette of selection marker for plant transformation includes the following sequences that are operably linked in a 5? to 3? direction: (i) a promoter sequence; (ii) a coding sequence for an enzyme which degrades toxoflavin; and (iii) a 3?-untranslated terminator sequence. A method of producing a transgenic plant using the above-describe expression cassette includes (i) transforming plant cells with a recombinant vector that includes the above-described expression cassette to produce transgenic plant cells; (ii) proliferating said transgenic plant cells in a media comprising toxoflavin to produce selected transgenic plant cells; and (iii) growing a transgenic plant from said selected transgenic plant cells.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a set of glycosylated warfarin analogs which are useful as anti-tumor or anti-metastatic agents and as reagents for studying sugar uptake in cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for the identification of a subject at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Also disclosed is a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a complete solid solution powder used for preparing a cermet composite sintered body, and method for preparing thereof under high temperature. Particularly, the present invention is directed to a complete solid solution powder which can improve, to a great extent, toughness of a cermet sintered body which is used for high-speed cutting tool materials and die materials in the field of metal working, such as various machine industries and automobile industry, and method for preparing thereof under high temperature.

Abstract: A dual active electrochromic device is a combination of at least two working electrodes that contain electrochromic materials and at least one counter electrode where the potentials between each working electrode and a counter electrode are independently supplied. No more than one electrode is reflective. The color of the device results from the additive color of the electrochromic materials and varies according to the potentials applied independently. The electrochromic materials can be electrochromic polymers that are deposited as film on substrates to form the working electrodes. The electrochromic device can be used for display or window applications.