Abstract: The invention relates to a microsystem having at least one micromirror (1) and at least one micromirror actuator (2) for pivoting the at least one micromirror (1) about at least one axis from a relaxed resting position, comprising a frame chip and a transparent cover (3) disposed on the frame chip, wherein the frame chip has a chip frame (10), on which the at least one micromirror (1) is articulated in an elastically pivoting manner, wherein the at least one micromirror (1) is further disposed within the chip frame (10) and in a cavity (11) that is formed between the transparent cover (3) and a carrier layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the vacuum-based deposition of a titanium oxide layer from the gas phase on a substrate, wherein deposition is carried out from a source containing titanium oxide at a deposition rate of less than 25 nm/s in an oxygen-containing atmosphere and at a substrate temperature of less than 500° C. and, after deposition, the coated substrate is heat treated for a period of at least 30 minutes in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at temperatures in the range from 200° C. to 1000° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite with inverse thermochromic properties, the composite changing from a colourless into a coloured state with increasing temperature. The composite thereby contains a colourant, a developer and a fluxing agent and also an inorganic filler. The invention likewise relates to a composite material which contains a polymer-based matrix into which at least one composite with inverse thermochromic properties is doped. These composite materials are used in the field of sensor technology, solar technology, transport and communications technology and medical technology.

Abstract: A device for determining a device position, which includes a receiver for receiving signals of a plurality of transmitters and a determiner for determining reception powers of the signals of the plurality of transmitters. The device further includes a provider for providing transmitter positions of the transmitters on the basis of the signals of the plurality of transmitters. The device further includes a determiner for determining a first position of the device on the basis of the transmitter positions, wherein the determiner for determining the first position is further formed to determine transmitter directions on the basis of the first position and the transmitter positions, and to determine a second position of the device on the basis of the transmitter directions, the transmitter positions and the reception powers.

Abstract: A method and device for machining material uses laser radiation, in which the unfocused laser radiation is focused through a focusing optics to a smaller beam cross section. The optical axis of the focused laser radiation, referred to as beam axis, is directed at the material surface. The beam waist, which results from the focusing operation, of the focused laser radiation is held in the region of the interface, which forms of laser radiation and material. The laser radiation is partially absorbed on the interface such that due to induced material removal or induced material displacement the interface and thus also the laser radiation penetrate into the material. The spacing of the beam waist from the upper or lower side of the interface in the axial direction corresponds at most to triple the value of the penetration depth of the interface into the material.

Abstract: The spatial center of mass and a mass of an object can be determined by orientating the suspended object in at least two different spatial positions and measuring the orientation of the object in each of the different spatial positions the forces acting on the suspension devices because of the suspended object, the forces acting on the suspension devices being resolved into three independent force components. A center of area of the object and the associated force effect lines are determined for each of the at least two spatial positions, the center of area of the respective spatial position being determined with an inclined tension compensation of the suspension devices. The spatial center of mass is determined by superimposing at least two force effect lines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the contactless detection of a three-dimensional contour, comprising a projector with an imaging element and a projection lens for depicting a stripe pattern that is generated on the imaging element in an object space. The invention further comprises a camera arrangement for the surveillance of the object space from two different directions, having two camera lenses. The projector and the camera arrangement are housed together in a measurement head that can be handheld. The invention further relates to a method for detecting a three-dimensional contour using said device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for obtaining melanocytes from a cell suspension, in particular from an epidermal cell suspension, by means of a culture vessel, wherein at least a part of the surface of the culture vessel facing the culture space, is modified, in particular functionalized, in particular by means of a low-pressure plasma process. Furthermore, the present invention relates to culture vessels which are modified, in particular functionalized, in particular by means of a low-pressure plasma process and are suitable for obtaining melanocytes and the use of such culture vessels for obtaining melanocytes.

Abstract: A method for depositing at least one stable, transparent and conductive layer system on chalcopyrite solar cell absorbers. The at least one stable, transparent and conductive layer system may be formed via ionizing PVD (physical vapor deposition) technology by using either high power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) or high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS).

Abstract: A system and a method for monitoring grouped objects with a gateway and a plurality of radio nodes attachable to the objects. Each radio node has a computing unit, a short-range communications unit and an energy supply unit. One of the radio nodes or the gateway has a localization unit. Optionally, one of the radio nodes also has a long-range communications unit. The computing unit contains a control program for the processing of predetermined tasks in radio nodes, which is designed for the control of bi-directional communications between the radio nodes via the short-range communications unit for the formation of an ad hoc network. The control program undertakes the control of a tuning process between the radio nodes and selects one of the radio nodes for the processing of one of the predetermined tasks, the selected node at that instant being best suited for the task according to predetermined criteria.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a direct oxidation fuel cell in which the fuel cell is supplied generally with methanol via a transport device for the fuel. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding arrangement comprising a direct oxidation fuel cell, a fuel reservoir and at least one device for transporting the fuel through the fuel cell.

Abstract: Ionomer particles with an inner area and an outer area are provided. The outer area has an oxidic matrix with cations selected by observing the following conditions. Only two different types of cations must be present that belong to one of the following groups (a) to (d), and these two types of cations must be selected from two different ones of the groups (a) to (d): (a) ions of the elements of the second main group and bivalent ions of the transition elements and the lanthanides; (b) ions of the elements of the third main group with the exception of boron and trivalent ions of the transition elements and the lanthanides; (c) ions of the elements of the fourth main group with exception of carbon and tetravalent ions of the transition elements and the lanthanides (d) ions of the elements of the fifth main group, selected from ions of antimony and bismuth and pentavalent ions of the transition elements. Particles of the composition ZrO2—Y2O3, ZrO2—Al2O3, BaToO3, Al6Si2O13 are not contained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating suspended solid materials from aqueous systems, in which the latter is mixed with a flocculant made of polymer colloidal particles with cationic surface charge and subsequently the flocculated material is separated from the aqueous system.

Abstract: A device for generating a note signal upon a manual input is described which comprises an operating means which is implemented to enable a user of the same, as an input, to define an input angle or an input angle range as the input signal, and a controller which is implemented to receive the input signal and to generate a note signal associated with a pitch class based on an assignment function and on the input signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for simultaneous recrystallisation and doping of semiconductor layers, in particular for the production of crystalline silicon thin layer solar cells. In this method, in a first step a substrate base layer 1 is produced, in a step subsequent thereto, on the latter an intermediate layer system 2 which has at least one doped partial layer is deposited, in a step subsequent thereto, an absorber layer 3 which is undoped or likewise doped is deposited on the intermediate layer system 2, and in a recrystallisation step, the absorber layer 3 is heated, melted, cooled and tempered. In an advantageous method modification, instead of an undoped capping layer, a capping layer system 4 which has at least one partial layer can also be applied applied on the absorber layer 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining a lateral relative movement between a processing head and a workpiece during processing the workpiece as well as a device to carry it out. In the method a surface of the workpiece (12) is illuminated in the region of the processing head with an optical radiation (2). The optical radiation (3) reflected from the surface of the workpiece (12) in the region of the processing head is repeatedly detected in a locally resolved manner by an optical detector (9), which is firmly fixed mechanically to the processing head, to obtain optical reflection patterns. The repeated detection occurs in temporal intervals in which the temporally successive reflection patterns of overlapping surface regions of the workpiece (12) are obtained. The lateral relative movement is determined by comparing the temporally successive reflection patterns.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for determining at least one characteristic point of a joint which joins together two limbs and is to be measured orthopedically, said device comprising a first coupling element which may be positioned on a first limb adjoining the joint, a second coupling element which may be moved relative to the first coupling element and may be positioned on a second limb adjoining the joint, and a measuring device for determining the position of the first coupling element relative to the second coupling element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for machining workpieces by using laser radiation, wherein the workpieces to be machined are moved during the machining and at least one laser beam is deflected with respect to two axes aligned orthogonally to one another. It is therefore the object of the invention to form large-area machining contours with as high a machining speed and as great an accuracy as possible. In the method in accordance with the invention, a procedure is followed that a laser beam is deflected within a working field with respect to two axes aligned orthogonally to one another. Positional coordinates of the respective machining contour are moreover associated in an electronic evaluation and control unit with virtual machining segments in which the machining is carried out sequentially.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing three-dimensional multicellular tissue and organ culture systems using multicellular mammalian cell aggregates, these systems themselves and their use for various medical purposes, in particular implantations.

Abstract: In a reproduction area where there are at least three directional groups, each of which has speakers, triggering of the speakers is achieved in that a source path from a first directional group position to a second directional group position is initially obtained along with movement information for the source path. Subsequently, a source path parameter is calculated for different points in time on the basis of the movement information, the source path parameter indicating a position of an audio source on the source path. In addition, a path modification command is received to define a compensation path to the third directional zone, a value of the source path parameter further being stored at a location where the compensation path deviates from the source path, and being used, along with a compensation parameter, for calculating weighting factors for the speakers of the three directional groups.