Abstract: A display apparatus allows size reduction without increasing manufacturing cost and can provide the greatest possible power saving effect by drive-method switching. The display apparatus has a moving-image/still-image determination circuit having an adder adding digital signals for one screen by receiving digital signals on a pixel basis of individual pixels constituting image signals for one screen, having a comparator comparing a result of addition of digital signals constituting image signals of an immediately-preceding screen and a result of addition of digital signals constituting image signals of the current screen, using a result of the comparison by the comparator 15 to determine the images to be moving images when the addition results are different from each other and to determine the images to be still images when the addition results are identical to each other, and outputting a determination signal according to the respective images.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus comprises: a substrate; gate wires and source wires formed in a matrix fashion on the substrate; gate electrodes formed close to points of intersection between the gate wires and the source wires, the gate electrodes being connected electrically to the gate wires; a first insulating film formed on the gate wires and the gate electrodes, the first insulating film further carrying the source wires thereon; a semiconductor active film formed over the gate electrodes with the first insulating film interposed therebetween; source electrodes formed on the semiconductor active film and connected to the source wires; drain electrodes formed on the semiconductor active film and isolated from the source electrodes; an electrode film intended to generate capacity and formed on the first insulating film, the electrode film being close to and in parallel with at least the source wires; a second insulating film formed on the first insulating film which carries the electrode film, the sour

Abstract: In a plasma processing apparatus, in a matching circuit intervening between a high-frequency power source and a plasma excitation electrode for achieving impedance matching between the high-frequency power source and the plasma excitation electrode, one of the two electrodes which form a tuning capacitor also serves as the plasma excitation electrode. Alternatively, in a plasma processing apparatus, the side wall of a housing made from an electrically conductive member and accommodating a matching circuit intervening between a high-frequency power source and a plasma excitation electrode for achieving impedance matching between the high-frequency power source and the plasma excitation electrode and a feeder for supplying high-frequency electric power from the high-frequency power source to the plasma excitation electrode through the matching circuit is formed not in parallel to the feeder.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus for stably and uniformly performing various kinds of processing by preventing unnecessary plasma discharge in the processing comprises a susceptor pin for supporting a substance to be processed, the susceptor pin being disposed to pass through a hole formed to a susceptor, projecting from the upper surface of the susceptor when the susceptor falls and falling by its own weight when the susceptor rises so as to be buried in the hole, and a guide for guiding the rising and falling directions of the susceptor pin, wherein the susceptor pin and the guide are composed of ceramics.

Abstract: In the liquid crystal display device of the invention, a liquid crystal layer is formed between a pair of transparent substrates, a plurality of linear electrodes which make a pair are disposed in a spaced, opposed relation on the liquid crystal layer side of one substrate, a switching element for applying a voltage between the paired linear electrodes and thereby applying a lateral electric field to the liquid crystal is disposed in the vicinity of the linear electrodes, one of the linear electrodes is used as a common electrode and the other as a pixel electrode, and at least one of the common electrode and the pixel electrode is formed at least partially in a non-parallel relation to the other to form a narrow spacing between both electrodes.

Abstract: In a magnetic impedance device according to the present invention, an approximately uniformly biased magnetic field is applied to a sensing part of a magnetic wire in a longitudinal direction by setting the range of winding of a coil. The sensing part is composed of magnetic material with high permeability and is disposed between a pair of mounting pins. The coil is wound around the sensing part of the magnetic wire and generates a biasing magnetic field. The range of winding of the coil is longer than the sensing part. This arrangement allows the sensing part of the magnetic wire to detect external magnetic fields without problems caused by edge effects from the ends of the coil, thereby enhancing the precision of detection.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element of the present invention is prepared according to a top-gate structure in which a gate electrode is formed on a semiconductor film. The liquid crystal display element is provided with a first substrate and a second substrate each having an orientation film. A plurality of linear electrodes are formed on the first substrate so as to apply a voltage between the electrodes. The orientation film of the first substrate is oriented in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the linear electrodes.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for producing semiconductor and other devices, which can improve the quality of deposited films and increase the yield of produced devices in comparison with the conventional apparatus. The apparatus of the invention comprises a plurality of dry treatment chambers (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e), a transfer room (6) interconnecting the dry treatment chambers (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e), loading/unloading chambers (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d), and a cleaning apparatus (13). The transfer room (6) and the cleaning apparatus (13) are directly or indirectly connected to each other.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display making it possible to decrease the number of signal lines to avoid narrowing the pitch of the terminal portion of a data driver and to decrease power consumption and cost.Control lines CA and CB are used which are arranged in parallel with signal lines Dj on both sides of each signal line Dj to switch on/off switching devices T.sub.CA and T.sub.CB connected in series with the switching device T.sub.G of each pixel switched on/off by control signals in these control lines CA and CB and selects pixels in which image data is written. In this case, the level of a control signal is changed to H/L for each field or each horizontal scanning line and moreover, the polarity of an image signal to be supplied to the signal line Dj is properly changed. Furthermore, a cancel signal for controlling fluctuation in counter electrode potentials is superimposed on a control signal.

Abstract: In a method for making a liquid crystal display device, a first conductive film is formed on a substrate, and patterned to form a gate electrode and a gate line; a gate insulating film for covering the gate electrode and the gate line, a semiconductor film, an impurity-doped semiconductor film, and a second conductive film are continuously formed; the second conductive film and the impurity-doped semiconductor film are patterned using a common mask to form a source electrode, a source line, and a drain electrode from the second conductive film and to form an ohmic contact layer from the impurity-doped semiconductor layer; an insulating film is formed onto at least the source electrode, the source line, the drain electrode, and the semiconductor film; the insulating film, the semiconductor film, and the gate insulating film are patterned using a common mask to form a thin film transistor to be in contact with a pixel electrode; a transparent conductive film is deposited on the non-deposited section of the subs

Abstract: An aqueous oxidizing acidic cleaning solution or an aqueous oxidizing alkaline cleaning solution is produced by mixing an acidic or alkaline solution with ozone water. An aqueous reducing acidic cleaning solution or an aqueous reducing alkaline cleaning solution is produced by mixing an acidic or alkaline solution with hydrogen water. Each of these aqueous cleaning solutions has effective cleaning power and the ORP and pH values thereof are separately controlled. Therefore, by selecting an appropriate aqueous cleaning solution according to the types of contaminants adhering to subjects during each manufacturing step, a plurality of types of contaminants can be removed by washing with one type of aqueous cleaning solution.

Abstract: A thin film transistor device with its leakage current being controlled is provided. With such a thin film transistor device incorporated, a liquid crystal display apparatus presents a high-contrast image at a reduced power consumption. The thin film transistor is formed on an insulating substrate. The gate electrode of the transistor is electrically floating gate electrode, which is capacitance coupled to one or more input electrodes. The liquid crystal display apparatus incorporates the thin film transistor in its switching element and/or driving circuit.

Abstract: There are provided a thin film transistor liquid crystal display device in which an aluminum layer and an ITO layer can be connected with simplicity and certainty and a fabricating process therefor.A thin film transistor liquid crystal display device comprising: a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal sandwiched therebetween; an aluminum layer formed on a surface in which the liquid crystal is held, of one substrate; an insulating layer covering the aluminum layer; a contact hole formed in the insulating layer so as to reach the aluminum layer; an indium tin oxide layer formed on the insulating layer including the inner surface of the contact hole; and a silicide layer lying between the indium tin oxide layer and the aluminum layer.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display device having liquid crystal provided between a pair of opposed substrates includes a common electrode formed on a surface of one substrate facing the liquid crystal; surrounding electrodes formed on a surface of the other substrate facing the liquid crystal, the surrounding electrodes provided for defining a plurality of pixel regions, to which surrounding electrodes a potential equal to that of the common electrode is applied; intermediate electrodes formed on the surface of the other substrate, the intermediate electrodes provided for bisecting each pixel region; pixel electrodes formed on the surface of the other substrate for the pixel regions, to which pixel electrodes a potential equal to that of the intermediate electrodes is applied; and gaps formed on the pixel electrodes along the direction in which the intermediate electrodes are arranged, each gap provided for bisecting each pixel electrode in accordance with the width of each intermediate electrode.

Abstract: A sealing structure for an airtight chamber includes a first division member and a second division member being repeatedly joined and disjoined. The first and second chamber members are joined together to define the chamber between them and disjoined to allow access to the chamber. The structure also includes a sealing member pressed between the first and second division members to keep the chamber airtight against a pressure difference between the exterior and the interior of the chamber while the first and second division members are joined. The first and second division members are made of a material with hardness lower than that of the sealing member and are formed with a groove. The structure also includes seat members being embedded in the grooves and pressed against the sealing member while the first and second division members are joined. The seat member is made of a material harder than the division member and welded in said groove only along its contacting surfaces with the groove.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for producing ionic water which are capable of producing ionic water containing a low concentration of electrolyte with high reproducibility. The present invention also provides an apparatus and a method for producing electrolytic ionic water capable of producing electrolytic ionic water having stable characteristics. The ionic water producing apparatus has at least a gas-liquid mixing device for mixing raw water and a gas, and an ultrasonic exciting device for applying ultrasonic waves to the gas-liquid mixture obtained by the gas-liquid mixing device to generate ions.

Abstract: A method for producing an electro-optical device comprising a first photolithographic step of forming a transparent pixel electrode, a second photolithographic of forming a gate electrode and a gate wiring, a third photolithographic step of forming a contact holes in an insulator film leading to the pixel electrode and the gate wiring, a fourth photolithographic step of forming a source electrode and a drain electrode and a channel portion above the gate electrode, and a fifth photolithographic step of forming a contact hole in a passivation film and isolating the semiconductor active film below the source electrode, the drain electrode and the source wiring from other adjacent portions.The number of photolithographic steps can be reduced, to improve the yield and decrease the production cost adjacent thin film transistors.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display comprises pixels for a plurality of basic colors arranged in a cyclic two-dimensional arrangement. Intervals between adjacent ones of a plurality of lines passing the adjacent pixels of the same basic color driven by driving voltages of the same polarity are 260 .mu.m or below.

Abstract: A method for producing an electro-optical device comprising a first photolithographic step of forming a transparent pixel electrode, a second photolithographic of forming a gate electrode and a gate wiring, a third photolithographic step of forming a contact holes in an insulator film leading to the pixel electrode and the gate wiring, a fourth photolithographic step of forming a source electrode and a drain electrode and a channel portion above the gate electrode, and a fifth photolithographic step of forming a contact hole in a passivation film and isolating the semi-conductor active film below the source electrode, the drain electrode and the source wiring from other adjacent portions.The number of photolithographic steps can be reduced, to improve the yield and decrease the production cost adjacent thin film transistors.

Abstract: An LCD gate line drive circuit is constituted by plural stages of TFT-LCD drive circuits which are each composed of a shift register, a set/reset flip-flop and a buffer section and which are successively driven repeatedly. A set input terminal in each stage of drive circuit is connected to an output terminal of the preceding stage of drive circuit, while a reset input terminal in each stage of drive circuit is connected to an output terminal of the succeeding stage of drive circuit, and an operating bias current in the buffer section of the stage concerned is turned ON only during the period from the start of drive in the preceding stage until the start of drive in the succeeding stage.