Abstract: A charging device includes a charging roller and a cleaning roller that includes a core and a foamed elastic layer disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the core and that rotates in contact with a surface of the charging roller. The number of ends of a cell skeleton that protrude from a surface of the foamed elastic layer is 25 ends/mm2 or more and 50 ends/mm2 or less. The cleaning roller is disposed in contact with the charging roller such that the compression ratio of the foamed elastic layer is 30% or less. The compression ratio is represented by Equation (1): compression ratio (%)=(r1/2+r2/2?d)/t1×100??Equation (1): where r1 is the outer diameter (mm) of the cleaning roller, r2 is the outer diameter (mm) of the charging roller, d is the interaxial distance (mm) between the charging roller and the cleaning roller, and t1 is the thickness (mm) of the foamed elastic layer of the cleaning roller.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a controller that, when an instruction content including information indicating a content of a service and information of a resource to be used for the service is transmitted to a conversation partner in an interface where a user makes a conversation with the conversation partner, controls a notification of information on a process corresponding to the instruction content.

Abstract: An information processing system includes an external apparatus and an information processing apparatus. The external apparatus includes a storage configured to store model information indicating a model of an image processing apparatus and function information regarding a function of the image processing apparatus, and a print setting screen generator configured to generate a print setting screen in which a setting value transmitted from the information processing apparatus is reflected, by using the storage. The information processing apparatus includes an acquiring unit configured to acquire a setting value of a function from the image processing apparatus, and a transmitter configured to transmit the setting value acquired by the acquiring unit to the external apparatus.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a receiving unit that receives an operation of a user only when a direction of force applied to a display is a predetermined specific direction.

Abstract: A fixing member includes: a substrate layer including a resin; a first metal layer that is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the substrate layer and includes Cu; a second metal layer that is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the first metal layer so as to be in contact with the first metal layer, includes Ni, and has an average crystal grain size of 0.15 ?m to 0.19 ?m; and an elastic layer that is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the second metal layer.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heating unit, a pressure unit, a moving unit, and a controller. The heating unit is configured to heat a toner on a recording medium. The pressure unit is configured to transport the recording medium while sandwiching the recording medium in a nip that the pressure unit and the heating unit form. The moving unit is configured to change a nip state of the pressure unit with respect to the heating unit by moving the heating unit or the pressure unit. The controller is configured to, when plural recording media are transported continuously, control the moving unit so that the moving unit moves the heating unit or the pressure unit in a separation direction so as to reduce a nip width at a recording medium interval between the recording media.

Abstract: A charging device includes: a charging member that is rotatable and has a peripheral surface to be in contact with a charging target and to which a voltage is to be applied for charging the charging target; a removing member that includes a core and a removing material spirally wound one to less than two times around the core and rotates and comes into contact with the charging member to remove an unnecessary material from the peripheral surface of the charging member; and a detecting unit that detects a current flowing between the charging member and the removing member.

Abstract: A detection apparatus includes an acquisition unit and a detector. The acquisition unit acquires temperatures respectively corresponding to multiple parts of a subject identified from a visible image from a temperature image in which the temperatures of the parts of the subject are visualized. The detector detects a part not included in a temperature range preset for each of the parts, the part being included in the multiple parts of the subject whose temperatures are acquired by the acquisition unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a touchpanel, and a controller that pops up a screen, on the touchpanel automatically without an operation instruction from a user, information that identifies a job ready for execution and a button that is adapted to stop the execution of the job.

Abstract: An image reading device includes at least one reference portion that is provided in a reading area of a reading unit provided with a moving mechanism, a memory unit that stores, as an initial value, positional data of the reference portion that is read by the reading unit, an acquisition unit that reads the positional data of the reference portion and acquires a displacement amount of the read positional data from the initial value, and an error handling unit that performs error handling when the displacement amount exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes: a distance measurement sensor that outputs a voltage according to a distance to a measurement object; and a control unit that supplies power to the distance measurement sensor at preset intervals and stops the power supply after a preset first period has elapsed. When performing control to determine that the measurement object has approached the apparatus in a state where an output voltage from the distance measurement sensor is equal to or higher than a preset threshold value, the control unit supplies power again and stops the power supply after a preset second period has elapsed, and then performs control to determine that the output voltage from the distance measurement sensor is a falsely detected output voltage when the output voltage during the power supply is equal to or higher than a preset voltage.

Abstract: An editing device for three-dimensional shape data includes: a two-dimensional region setter that sets a two-dimensional region on a two-dimensional plane, on which a three-dimensional shape represented by three-dimensional shape data is projected; and an initial edit range setter that sets a three-dimensional initial edit range in a depth direction of the two-dimensional region set by the two-dimensional region setter.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit that forms an image on a recording medium, a reversal transport unit that reverses front and back sides of the recording medium having an image formed by the image forming unit, and then transports the recording medium to the image forming unit, a detection unit disposed in a transport path of the reversal transport unit to detect the position of the recording medium in a transverse direction transverse to a transport direction, the transport direction being the direction of transport of the recording medium, and an adjustment unit that adjusts the position of an image in the image forming unit in accordance with the position of the recording medium detected by the detection unit.

Abstract: An authentication broker apparatus includes an extracting unit and a transmitting unit. In response to an authentication request from a service providing apparatus that provides a service, the extracting unit extracts, from identification managing apparatuses that manage user ID codes used by users to access a service, at least one ID managing apparatus that fulfills an authentication condition relating to authentication of the service providing apparatus that has requested authentication. The transmitting unit transmits, to the service providing apparatus, link information to access the at least one ID managing apparatus extracted by the extracting unit.

Abstract: A bearing component for rotatably receiving a rotating shaft on an end of a rotating unit includes a component body, an inner protrusion, and one or more outer protrusions. The component body has a recess into which the rotating shaft is rotatably inserted. The inner protrusion protrudes from a wall portion of the recess facing an end surface of the rotating shaft. The inner protrusion receives an axial load by the rotating shaft. The outer protrusions protrude from an outer surface of the component body opposite to the recess. The one or more outer protrusions are in contact with a holding unit. A contact portion between the outer protrusions and the holding unit is offset from a contact portion position between the inner protrusion and the end surface. The contact portion between at least one of the outer protrusions and the holding unit has a non-planar shape.

Abstract: An information processing system includes multiple processing units the number of which is at least three and multiple communication paths that allow the multiple processing units to mutually communicate information. When at least one of the multiple processing units is brought into a power-off state, multiple processing units that are included in the multiple processing units and that are other than the processing unit brought into the power-off state perform processing for changing one of the communication paths used by the multiple processing units other than the processing unit brought into the power-off state to a different one of the communication paths that has low power consumption.

Abstract: A document processing apparatus includes a reception unit that, in a case where a first text string which is generated from a first range as a partial range of a content of a document and includes one or more text strings showing a feature of the document is present, receives specifying of a second range which is a range in which a second text string which includes one or more text strings at least partially different from the first text string is generated from the content, and a control unit that controls the reception of the specifying of the second range by the reception unit such that a data amount of the second text string generated from the second range is less than or equal to a data capacity of the second text string determined by a data amount of the first text string or less than or equal to a data capacity which is determined until the second range is specified after decision of the first range in the document.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes an acquirer and a controller. The acquirer acquires a message sent by a user for a task from a communication system. The communication system provides a communication service used by multiple users to send and receive messages via a network. The user is one of the multiple users using the communication service. The controller performs control to inform the user that the message is unsuitable if the message acquired by the acquirer is unsuitable for the task.

Abstract: A developer container includes a container body, a transport unit, a support unit, and a protrusion. The container body includes a cylindrical accommodating space that accommodates a developer, and a discharge port. The transport unit transports the accommodated developer toward the discharge port by a transport blade. The transport blade moves so as to pass closely to an inner wall of the accommodating space. The support unit rotatably supports a rotating shaft of the transport unit. The support unit includes a connecting component that connects to an external element to receive external rotational power. The protrusion protrudes inward from the inner wall. When the transport unit reversely rotates in an opposite direction to a rotational direction in transporting the developer, the transport blade passes in contact with the protrusion and vibrates so as to touch the inner wall of the accommodating space.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a registration unit that registers an image that is to be output, a receiving unit that receives an instruction to issue identification information identifying the image that is registered by the registration unit, an identifying unit that identifies a billing destination when the image which the instruction to issue the identification information is provided for is output, and an issuing unit that issues the identification information, associated with the billing destination identified by the identifying unit, for the image which the receiving unit has received the instruction to issue the identification information for.