Abstract: A police system of ATM exchange comprises an ATM exchange for exchanging the ATM cells, and an input cell speed limiting unit disposed in an input side of the ATM exchange and having a plurality of elastic buffers with a read speed equivalent to a band designated to each of a plurality of subscribers accommodated in the exchange, the elastic buffers being in accordance with the subscribers, the input cell speed limiting unit being arranged to limit the speeds of cells which are transmitted from each of the subscribers to the exchange to the band designated to each of the subscriber. The ATM exchange can completely manage and restrict the band of a line. Even if a congestion state takes place instantaneously due to an excessive cell flow, it does not affect calls which are in compliance with a predetermined band.

Abstract: A variable sequence determining method for determining the optimum sequence of variables in generating a dichotomy determination graph representing a logical function of a two-step logical circuit. A logical expression representing a logical function in a two-step logical circuit is converted to a sum-of-products format for simplification. Then, the number of product terms represented in the positive or negative format in each variable in the logical expression is counted, and a variable having a larger number of said product terms is assigned a higher priority in generating a dichotomy determination graph, thus determining the sequence of variables in generating a dichotomy determination graph for a two-step logical circuit.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of banks each having a memory cell array and sense amplifiers, a data input/output circuit and an address circuit. A first part of the device receives control signals from an outside of the semiconductor memory device and generates a refresh signal therefrom. A second part generates bank select signals in response to the refresh signal, the bank select signals being used to select the plurality of banks. A third part receives the bank select signals and generating latch enable signals therefrom, the latch enable signals driving the sense amplifiers provided in the plurality of banks. A refresh operation is carried out by activating the sense amplifiers by using the latch enable signals.

Abstract: A uniform load distributing method for use in executing a parallel processing in a parallel computer for executing a plurality of processings in parallel manner. The parallel computer including a plurality of processors for executing individual processings, a network for conducting communication between the plurality of processors, and a synchronizing mechanism for issuing an execution start command for a next step to all the processors under the condition that a completion information of the processing is received from all the processors and the inter-processor communication in the network has been completed.

Abstract: A method for etching an HgCdTe substrate selectively by dry etching. A substrate is selectively etched without damaging the substrate during a simple process in which the higher selectivity of an HgCdTe substrate versus a resist mask is obtainable. Removal of the resist mask after etching is easy. The etching gas contains molecules having a bond of nitrogen and hydrogen and is formed into plasma. An HgCdTe substrate is etched with a resist film as a mask by the plasma gas.

Abstract: In a method of the present invention, all the information is erased from a magnetic disk in a single revolution, and testing is conducted, for every track, to determine whether or not a defect is present on the magnetic disk. The apparatus includes a magnet for erasing information from the magnetic disk when the magnet is made to face the disk for a predetermined time. Subsequent to erasure the apparatus tests every disk track for defects. Test data is written onto disk tracks using a read/write head. The head is then used to obtain read signals from the data. Thresholds calculated from the read signals are used to determine if defects are present in any of the tracks.

Abstract: A control data transmission system controls an electronic switching system with few signal lines. Control data are split into a plurality of fixed-length bit blocks. The control data sequence number specification signals identify the fixed-length bit blocks. The control data sequence number specification signals are paired with corresponding control data signals carrying the contents of one of the fixed-length bit blocks and a control data validity specification signal for validating transmission of the control data. The control data sequence number specification signals are decoded and the contents of respective bit blocks carried by the control data signals are stored according to the decoding result and the control data validity specification signal. When the contents of the fixed-length bit blocks carried by the control data signals for one unit of control data are stored, the control data are analyzed.

Abstract: In a MESFET of this invention possessed of an LDD structure, a current control layer possessed of conduction type opposite to that of an active layer is formed below the active layer. In the part of this current control layer underlying a gate electrode, a low impurity concentration region destined to function as a channel region for a transistor is formed. Further, LDD regions are formed at both sides of the channel region. In the current control layer, the part underlying the channel region is kept at a low impurity concentration while the other parts underlying the LDD regions are kept at a higher impurity concentration than the part underlying the channel region. Thus, a MESFET possessed of an improved short channel effect and excellent high frequency characteristics is obtained.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a TAB tape which forms a plurality of bumps on a plurality of sheet-like leads of the TAB tape. First, the leads are fixed to a belt-shaped tape member having a plurality of first openings arranged at equal intervals in a longitudinal direction and a plurality of second openings formed around each of the first openings. In fixing each lead to the tape member, one end portion of the lead is exposed to each first opening, and the other end portion of the lead is exposed to each second opening. Secondly, a point is pressed onto a surface of each lead to form a plurality of recesses on the surface of each lead. Thirdly, a metal ball is seated in each recess, and is then heated to be molten so that a part of the metal ball may substantially semispherically project from the surface of the lead. Thus, a metal bump is formed as a substantially semispherical part projecting from the surface of each lead.

Abstract: A switchable order wire circuit installed in addition to a trunk connecting a master station which includes an exchanger and a dependent station in a telephone system. The order wire circuit includes a first telephone terminal located in the master station, a second telephone terminal located in the dependent station, and a pair of telephone lines connecting the first and second telephone terminals. The order wire circuit also includes a hooking detection system installed in the master station, for detecting a hooking operation of the second telephone terminal. In addition, a circuit for switching the telephone lines from the first telephone terminal to a public line when the hooking operation is specifically detected is included.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter apparatus includes a main converter section, a main control section, a supplemental power supply section, a signal processing section and a supplemental control section. The main converter section converts a D.C. input into an adequate D.C. output and supplies the converted D.C. output to a load. The supplemental power supply section supplies operating electric power to the main converter section and main control section of the DC-DC converter apparatus. The supplemental control section controls the operative or non-operative state of the supplemental power supply section based on a signal from the signal processing section. The main control section controls the operative or non-operative state of the main converter section in response to the operation of the supplemental power supply section.

Abstract: An optical transmission system includes a plurality of nodes connected via optical transmission lines in a ring form. When an optical transmission line is disconnected or a fault is found on the optical transmission device of a node, a transmission line is switched over to another transmission line by a line switching system which includes optical transmission lines of a working line for transmitting optical data signals and a protection line for transmitting APS (Automatic Protection Switch) bytes. Each of the nodes has a comparing and detecting unit for receiving the APS bytes sent from an adjacent node and comparing a fault pattern indicated by the APS bytes with a fault pattern stored in advance, and a processing unit which determines a line switching route, based on the result of comparison in the comparing and detecting unit.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a casing for electronic apparatus use in which metal and resin are subjected to a hybrid formation, so that the mechanical strength of the casing is improved and the thickness is reduced so as to reduce the weight. An electronic apparatus casing having a rib (16) and boss (18) is manufactured when metal (10) and resin (12) are integrally formed. Adhesive (14) is coated on the metal, and after the coated adhesive has been dried, the resin (12) is injected onto the adhesive layer from a portion which composes the rib or boss, so that the metal and resin are subjected to a hybrid formation.

Abstract: An optical transmission and reception device comprises an optical transmission region including an active layer which oscillates and outputs laser beam of a wavelength .lambda.1 on a transmission state, and guides received light of a wavelength .lambda.2 different from the wavelength .lambda.1 on a reception state and an optical reception region including a light detecting device for detecting the received light guided by the active layer and converting the received light into electric signals. The optical transmission and reception device having an optimum structure for the transmission and reception can be realized. Accordingly an optical transmission and reception device having good characteristics, which are suitably used in bidirectional communications by optical subscribers' systems, and optical parallel link data transmission in computers.

Abstract: In an ISDN line circuit channel monitor system having a digital line circuit controller, a line circuit network and a call processor accommodating network, there are provided monitor equipment and a connection making part. The monitor equipment is coupled to the digital line circuit controller, the first network or the second network, and monitors D and B channels of a basic interface and a primary rate interface. The connection making part connects to the monitor equipment time slots related to a monitored channel of a terminal in conformity with either the basic interface or the primary rate interface.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical space switch device which provides variable interconnection of one- or two-dimensionally spatially multiplexed optical signals. The optical space switch device comprises a plurality of optical space switch stages stacked to form a multi-input multi-output optical space switch. Each of the optical space switch stages comprises a plurality of 2-input 2-output optical switches, each of which comprises a polarization control layer and an optical path shifting layer. The optical path shifting layer has a bypass mode in which it outputs beams of light along optical axes and an exchange mode in which it shifts beams of light by diffraction.

Abstract: A node for a ring type synchronous optical network can continue to communicate with another node, when a transmission path is interrupted, located on the opposite side of the interrupted transmission path. A cross connecting unit cross connects the ring type transmission path with an external transmission path. The cross connecting unit generates and sends to another node an alarm indication signal when the ring type optical path is interrupted. A path switching unit switches the connection of an external transmission path to either direction of the ring type transmission path. A controlling unit controls the path switching unit, when an alarm indication signal is received from another node, so that the path switching unit switches the connection to a side opposite to a side from which the alarm indication signal has been received.

Abstract: An automatic position managing system is applied to a communication system which includes a plurality of telephone sets coupled to a private branch exchange. The automatic position managing system uses a radio card which is carried by a user and has the functions of storing information related to the user and transmitting the stored information by a radio signal. A first part supplies data to the private branch exchange in response to the radio signal received from the radio card and a second part automatically detects a position of the user carrying the radio card based on the data received from the first part via the private branch exchange by associating the user with the telephone set to which the first part is coupled.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including the steps of depositing a silicon film on an underlying layer while doping phosphorus to a concentration of 7.times.10.sup.20 to 2.times.10.sup.21 atoms/cm.sup.3, and thereafter heating the silicon film. A semiconductor device having a silicon film with a sufficiently low resistivity is provided.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus which thermal design is easy, and which is small in size and light in weight is provided which is operated by a person in a micro-gravity environment. The manufacturing apparatus has a manufacturing unit having an operation side on which an operation is performed directly by the hand of an operator who faces the front of the facility, and a housing section for supporting the manufacturing unit slidably along the operation side and in such a manner as to be pulled out from the front of the apparatus to the outside. The manufacturing unit is housed with the operation side being vertical, and slides substantially horizontally. Also, an observation facility is disposed between two manufacturing unit housed in a constant-temperature tank so that the two facing sides of the member are observed simultaneously.