Abstract: A display panel which can reduce the number of external terminals for a fluorescent display tube and has its simplified assembled structure difficult to cause conduction failure. The base substrate of the container for a fluorescent display tube protrudes partially outward. Conductors electrically connected to the electrodes inside the container are derived out from the container to electrically connect to the external electrodes on the substrate. Connection terminals are formed on the substrate. The conductive rubber connector includes a non-conductive portion 39 with a nearly L-shaped cross section in which plural conductive fine wires bent in a nearly U-shaped form are buried at predetermined intervals. The fluorescent display tube is mounted on the upper surface of the printed board. The conductive rubber connector is placed at a predetermined position. The fluorescent display tube and the conductive rubber connector are fixed by means of a fixture.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a glass container and an apparatus therefor capable of providing the container by pressing of a glass substrate using a die while keeping the glass substrate uniformly heated and softened. The glass substrate is heated while being kept lifted from a lower mold of a forming die and then subject to integral forming by the forming die. This permits the glass substrate to be integrally formed into the glass container in the form of a finished product, resulting in the number of steps and time required for processing being reduced.

Abstract: A field emission element that can prevent one cathode electrode line from being completely disabled due to a short circuit between an emitter electrode and a gate electrode. One cathode electrode line consists of a stripe cathode conductor and plural island electrodes arranged on the one side of the cathode conductor. The gate electrode is disposed on the insulating layer overlaying the upper surface of each island electrode. The first resistance layer and the second resistance layer each having a different resistance value are laminated in a current control resistance layer. When excessive current flows through the emitter cone, the laminated thick-film portion is destroyed so that only the island electrode connected to the emitter cone is electrically separated off from the cathode conductor. One second resistance layer is locally laminated on the first resistance layer and for each of plural island electrodes.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide an organic EL device material stable against heat, having a high purity in bluish light emission and a high efficiency. The organic EL device comprises a glass substrate, a transparent anode, a TPD which is an electron hole implanted transporting layer, an organic luminous layer, Alq.sub.3 which is an electron implanted transporting layer and a cathode. The organic luminous layer is an aluminum complex which is .mu.-oxozi [bis(2-(2-benzo oxazolyl)-phenolate) aluminum (III)]. Plus and minus DC voltages are applied to the anode and cathode respectively. The organic luminous layer indicates bluish light emission of 1314 cd/m.sup.2 at 16V. A peak wave length of the luminous spectrum is 420 nm and chromaticity coordinates are x=0.185 and y=0.178 and a high purity as bluish color is assured. The organic EL device material is stable against heat and difficult to deteriorate.

Abstract: A receiver for a spectrum spread communication system capable of eliminating a deterioration in receive quality due to fading by multipass. A signal of which a spectrum is spread by a direct spread modulation system is transmitted from a transmit side unit. A receive side unit is provided with a plurality of receive antennas, through which receive signals are fed to receiver circuits, followed by conversion of each of the signals into an intermediate frequency signal. Then, the signal is fed to a signal intensity measurement circuit and sampled by a clock n (n: an integer) times as high as a chip frequency, resulting in an intensity thereof being measured. Depending on results of the measurement, a selection signal is fed to a path switching circuit, resulting in one of outputs of the receiver circuits being selected, which is then fed to a direct spread demodulation circuit.

Abstract: Method for forming a vacuum hermetic vessel. Plural exhaust holes are formed in the first main substrate at a number of positions. A second main substrate is superposed over the first main substrate. The two substrates are hermetically sealed. The two substrates are cut at predetermined positions to form individual vessels. Lead-out electrodes are formed on both the first and second substrates and are not covered by another substrate. The vessels are evacuated and sealed using exhaust tubes.

Abstract: A method for processing a single-crystal semiconductor wafer is provided which is capable of minimizing a dead space to maximize the number of elements per one wafer and preventing leakage luminescence and a reduction in luminance. A phosphor is deposited on each of a plurality of regions defined in the wafer at predetermined intervals and a water-resistant protective film is formed on the phosphor. Then, the wafer is cut for every one of the regions by means of a dicing saw using cutting water, to thereby provide a plurality of chips. The chips are subject to calcination during a calcination step in manufacture of fluorescent display device in which the chips are used as a display section, resulting in the protective film being evaporated.

Abstract: A fuel injection system having no fuel leakage and a high speed response includes both an outlet opening of a fuel supply passage 44 and an inlet opening 59 of an injection passage 56 are provided facing to a communication space 54 formed on the one end face of a valve box 51. A diaphragm 62 seals the communicating space of a valve box 51. A ridge 64 of the diaphragm 62 shuts the supply passage and injection passage. A valve body 70 driven by a solenoid coil 65 is combined with the diaphragm 62. The valve body 70 is pressed by a plate spring 71. While a current is not supplied to the solenoid coil 65, the plate spring 71 presses the valve body 70, and the ridge 64 of the diaphragm 62 closes the inlet opening 59 of the injection passage 56. Fuel is not injected. While a current is supplied to the solenoid coil 65, the valve body 70 is attracted toward a magnetic core 66.

Abstract: A field emission print head capable of converging electrons and having a structure such that odd order gate lines are connected to a first gate lead electrode, even order gate lines are connected to a second gate lead electrode. When the first gate lead electrode is selected and operated, the potential of the second gate lead electrode is made to be a low level. Since the odd order gate line is disposed between the low level even order gate lines, emitted electrons can be converged. When the second gate lead electrode is selected and operated, also emitted electrons can be converged. Each gate line has field emission cathodes disposed in a zigzag configuration. Since the first gate lead electrode is made to always be a low level as a converting electrode, the field emission print head can easily be manufactured.

Abstract: A fixed pattern display device of the dynamic drive type with high definition including cathodes formed into a fine pattern by conventional photolithography. The cathodes are made of a metal material having a low resistance and arranged on an insulating substrate in the form of wiring patterns for fixed display segments of each of display patterns together with the display patterns. ITO which is resistant to water is exposed in the form of anodes each acting as a common electrode, resulting in arrangement of any protective film being eliminated.

Abstract: A light-amount correction dynamic range expanding device that can increase the number of exposure gray levels without increasing the memory capacity of the storage section for light-amount correction. Input data is formed of (n+k) bits to increase exposure gray-scale level. A first look-up table stores the output densities to the number of exposure gray levels for photosensitive substances classified by photosensitivity. Of (n+k) bits output from the first table, a first selector selectively outputs only effective n bits to a second table 2 to use m bits needed for a photosensitive substance. The second look-up table stores brightness information to correct variations in brightness between luminous dots of a print head, with a memory capacity of n bits. A FIFO memory temporarily stores the brightness information. A selector 2 again converts the output from the FIFO memory into a (n+k)-bit form and ten it to a gray-scale control means.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for forming a fluorescent film for a display and a method of forming a fluorescent film for forming a display surface of a display unit. The composition for forming a fluorescent film for a display has an aqueous medium in which photosensitive resin having a styryl pyridium photosensitive group having an internal salt structure and a fluorescent material which easily reacts with acid are dispersed. The composition is applied to the display surface of a display unit so that a fluorescent layer is formed. Then, the fluorescent material layer is developed to form the fluorescent material layer into a predetermined pattern, and then the fluorescent material layer formed into the predetermined pattern is baked so that a fluorescent film is formed.

Abstract: In a field emission type image display panel, plural cathode electrodes are formed in a stripe shape on a first substrate and each having emitters for field emission. Cathode lead-out electrodes supply signals to the cathode electrodes. Plural patch-like gate electrodes are arranged in a matrix form over the plural cathode electrodes and insulated from the plural cathode electrodes. Gate lead-out electrodes are led out along spaces between adjacent two rows in rows formed of patch-like gate electrodes substantially perpendicular to the cathode electrodes, each of the gate lead-out electrodes being connected to the patch-like gate electrodes in adjacent two rows in a zigzag arrangement and every other gate electrode. A second substrate is spaced from the first substrate a predetermined distance apart. Plural patch-like anode electrodes are arranged on the second substrate, the plural anode electrodes respectively confronting the plural patch-like gate electrodes in a matrix form.

Abstract: A fluorescent material is described which remains uninfluenced in the presence of oxygen during fabrication, allows a highly efficient light emission due to the concentration of donors being adjustable as appropriate, and is excellent in giving a bright light and having a long life. The fluorescent material is represented by the formula Ga.sub.1-x In.sub.x N:M,X, wherein 0.ltoreq.x<0.8, M is at least one element selected from the group of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd and Hg, and X is at least one element selected from the group of C, Si, Ge, Sn and Pb. The fluorescent material preferably has concentration ranges (mol %) of the elements M and X of 0.005<M<0.7 and 0.002<X<0.8. The starting materials utilized for preparing the fluorescent material are substances devoid of oxygen, preferably (SiH.sub.a N.sub.b).sub.n where a=1-3, b=0 or 1, and n=an integer of 1 or more.

Abstract: Air pressure which is proportional to the rotation speed of an engine is generated in a crank chamber 2 during operation. The crank chamber 2 is communicated to a fuel tank 10 having sealed structure with interposition of a check valve 25. Air pressure which is proportional to the rotation speed of the engine is applied to fuel in the fuel tank 10. The fuel tank 10 is communicated to the fuel injection system 30. The fuel injection system 30 opens its injection orifice only when power is supplied to a solenoid coil and injects supplied fuel into a combustion chamber. Because air pressure which is proportional to the rotation speed of the engine is applied to fuel, through each fuel injection time is constant, fuel which is proportional to the rotation speed can be injected. In particular, a shorter injection time is sufficient for high rotation speed operation in comparison with conventional fuel injection time, thereby power consumption of the fuel injection system 30 is reduced.

Abstract: A field emission type display device including a container formed of an anode substrate, a cathode substrate and side wall portions, and a cover member mounted at the container to form a getter room. An anode lead is securely fixed on the cover member so as to be derived outward from the outer wall confronting the anode substrate. Two wires are attached to the front end of the anode lead. When the cover member is mounted on the container, the curved portions of the two wires is pressed against the anode terminal formed on the anode substrate extended to the end of the anode substrate to secure electric conduction between the anode terminal and the anode lead. This structure provides easy-to-use anode leads which can be simply derived as electrodes.

Abstract: A vacuum envelope with a built-in electron source capable of preventing peeling of gate electrodes, to thereby enhance reliability in operation over a long period of time and reducing a manufacturing cost thereof. The gate electrodes each are made of niobium oxide or niobium nitride. Nb for the gate electrode is previously oxidized or nitrided to prevent progress of oxidation of the gate electrode due to release of oxygen from lead oxide contained in a seal material during heating for sealing, resulting in expansion of the gate electrode. An insulating layer is formed on a cathode substrate and the gate electrodes are formed on the insulating layer. Then, the seal material is applied onto the insulating layer so as to cover a part of each of the gate electrodes, so that the cathode substrate may be sealedly joined to an anode substrate.

Abstract: A field emission display device of the type driven on a high anode voltage to accelerate effectively emitted electrons to the anode, thus providing high brightness as well as no leakage of glowed light. Cone emitters are formed on the cathode electrode laying on a cathode substrate. An insulating layer as well as first gate electrodes are formed on the portions where the emitters are not formed. Another insulating layer if formed on the first gate electrodes. Second gate electrodes (or focusing electrodes) with openings are formed over the first gate electrodes. Plural lines of the emitters are formed in parallel in the emitter area corresponding one pixel. The emitters are aligned to each of the openings. An anode voltage of 2kV to 5kV is applied to the anode electrode (not shown). The electrons from the emitters are focused by the focusing electrode and the reaches the anode electrode.

Abstract: An image display device including a field emission element capable of preventing diffusion of electrons to be impinged on a display section. An anode substrate is provided thereon with a phosphor-deposited display section and a cathode substrate is provided thereon with field emission elements including cathode conductors, emitter electrodes and gate electrodes. The cathode conductors and gate electrodes are formed into a stripe-like shape and arranged so as to intersect each other to form a matrix. A stripe-like diffusion prevention electrode is arranged between each adjacent two of the gate electrodes. The emitter electrodes selected by the gate electrodes and cathode conductors emit electrons. The diffusion prevention electrodes on both sides of each of the gate electrodes selected are applied thereto a voltage lower than a voltage of the gate electrodes, so that the electrons may be impinged on the display section required without diffusion, to thereby permit picture cells required to emit light.

Abstract: A photographic recording apparatus capable of being small-sized and simplified in structure and reducing color aberration of an optical system. A refractive index distribution type lens array has a central axis arranged perpendicularly to a light emission direction of a fluorescent luminous tube. Light emitted from the fluorescent luminous tube passes through red (R), green (G) and blue (B) color filters, is incident on the lens array, is reflected on a first mirror and then is guided to a color film, resulting in forming an image on the color film. The fluorescent luminous tube is driven depending on data on R, G and B colors and the whole apparatus is moved with respect to the color film. The color filters are changed over and scan of the color film is carried out three times, so that an image of R, G and B colors may be formed on the color film.