Abstract: In a receiver provider edge (PE) router, a method for supporting protocol independent multicast source-specific mode (PIM-SSM) using multicast resource reservation protocol-traffic engineering (mRSVP-TE) comprising the steps of receiving a protocol independent multicast (PIM) join message, in response to receiving the PIM join message sending a path message to a source PE router, wherein the path message is a multicast resource reservation protocol-traffic engineering (mRSVP-TE) message, and sending the PIM join message to the source PE router, wherein the path message and the PIM join message trigger setup of a data multicast data tree (MDT), creating a PIM state, and receiving multicast data traffic via the data MDT using the PIM state.

Abstract: In a source provider edge (PE) router, a method for supporting protocol independent multicast sparse-mode (PIM-SM) using multicast resource reservation protocol-traffic engineering (mRSVP-TE) comprising the steps of creating a protocol independent multicast (PIM) state, sending a first unicast data message to a rendezvous point (RP) PE router using the PIM state, wherein the first unicast data message is a PIM register message encapsulated as a unicast multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) packet, receiving a PIM join message from the RP PE router, wherein the PIM join message triggers creating a second PIM state, sending a second unicast data message to the RP PE router via a default multicast distribution tree (MDT) using the second PIM state, receiving a PIM register-stop message from the RP PE router, wherein the PIM register-stop message suspends sending the second unicast data message.

Abstract: In a source provider edge (PE) router, a method of forming a data multicast distribution tree (MDT) comprising the steps of monitoring a rate of multicast data traffic within a default MDT, determining that the rate exceeds a threshold, sending a join message to at least one receiver PE router in response to the determining, wherein the join message comprises a MDT number that identifies the data MDT, receiving a path message from the at least one receiver PE router and thereby forming the data MDT, and sending multicast data traffic via the data MDT.

Abstract: A memory control unit of a turbo code decoder includes a buffer having a plurality of storage slots, a buffer control operatively coupled to the buffer, a router operatively coupled to the buffer control and to a plurality of data sources, and a conflict detection unit operatively coupled to the router, to the buffer control, and to the plurality of data sources. The buffer temporarily stores information intended for storage in a memory bank. The buffer control determines a number of available storage slots in the buffer. The router routes data from the data sources to the buffer control. The conflict detection unit initiates a temporary halt of some of the data sources when the number of available storage slots is insufficient to store all of the data from data sources attempting to access the memory bank.

Abstract: Methods and system for simplified Protocol for Carrying Authentication for Network Access (sPANA) are disclosed. In the broadband architecture such as Broadband forum or WiMAX forum, a Network Access server (NAS) is one IP hop away from a user. Therefore, it is possible to relax the need in PANA to obtain an IP address prior to authentication. A PANA client (PaC) may use an unspecified IP address (e.g. 0.0.0.0 in TPv4) as a source address for authentication. A PANA Authentication Agent (PAA) may use an IP broadcast address as a network layer destination address (e.g. 0xffffffff). The present invention defines PANA Attribute-Value Pairs (AVPs) and procedures that allow a Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) exchange to occur in PANA. The PANA CHAP support may facilitate smooth migration from Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) sessions to IP sessions in a DSL Broadband network environment. The sPANA can be desirably compatible with the PANA.

Abstract: Included are devices, systems, and methods which may be employed in an access network. An access node (AN) may be configured to communicate with a residential gateway (RG) via the access network. The AN may also be configured to encapsulate a router solicitation (RS) from the RG with a header comprising an access identifier associated with the RG. The AN may send the encapsulated RS to an Internet Protocol (IP) edge. The AN may also be configured to receive a responsive router advertisement (RA) from the IP edge and may forward the RA to the RG based on the access identifier.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a small flow forwarding module configured to distribute and forward a plurality of packets that correspond to a plurality of small flows over a plurality of paths, a large flow forwarding module configured to distribute and forward a plurality of packets that correspond to a plurality of large flows over the paths, and a packet header checking module in communication with the small flow forwarding module and the large flow forwarding module, wherein the packet header checking module is configured to inspect a flow indication in an incoming packet and forward the packet to the small flow forwarding module if the flow indication corresponds to one of the small flows or to the large flow forwarding module if the flow indication corresponds to one of the large flows.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a node configured to transmit operation, administration, and maintenance (OAM) connectivity frames, wherein the node adds an impairment notification indication to some, but not all of OAM connectivity frames transmitted by the node, wherein the impairment notification indication indicates the node's desire to receive notification of an impairment condition along the path. A network component comprising a receiver unit configured to receive multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) Ping frames, a circuit logic configured to add a downstream link impairment indication to responses to the MPLS Ping frames, wherein the downstream link impairment indication comprises a type and a severity level for a path impairment condition, and a transmitter unit configured to transmit the responses to the transmitted MPLS Ping frames.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of signaling radio resource allocation in a wireless communication system includes establishing groups of mobile stations which monitor a shared group scheduling bitmap; transmitting a group scheduling bitmap to the mobile stations, wherein the group scheduling bitmap contains a mobile station presence bitmap and an SDMA bitmap, wherein the SDMA bitmap is used to divide the group members into two or more subgroups; and transmitting packets to the mobile stations or receiving packets from the mobile stations using the radio resource which is derived from the value indicated in the group scheduling bitmap.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a plurality of optical transmitters coupled to a fiber, a signal generator coupled to the optical transmitters and configured to provide a single pilot tone to the optical transmitters, and a processor positioned within a feedback loop between the fiber and the optical transmitters, the processor configured to adjust a wavelength for each of the optical transmitters to lock the wavelengths. An apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising receiving an optical signal comprising a pilot tone, detecting an amplitude and a phase of the pilot tone, calculating a quadrature term using the amplitude and the phase, and wavelength locking the optical signal using the quadrature term.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a recharging inlet inside an electric powered vehicle (EPV), a light source coupled to the inside wall of the EPV recharging inlet, a light detector located within the EPV recharging inlet and positioned between recharging inlet pins and the light source, and a plurality of threads around the inside wall of the recharging inlet and positioned between the light source and the light detector, wherein the light detector is configured to detect light from the light source and/or external light, wherein the threads are configured to receive a housing cap that substantially blocks light from reaching the light detector when the housing cap is properly mounted onto the EPV recharging inlet and are configured to allow light from the light sources and/or external light to reach the light detector when the housing cap is not properly mounted onto the EPV recharging inlet.

Abstract: A method for wireless network communication is provided. The method comprises determining, by a transmitter including a quantity of antennas, a quantity of transmitted layers; mapping a quantity of data symbols to the antennas using a quantity of precoders; generating a quantity of demodulation reference signal (DMRS) antenna ports based on the quantities of the antennas, the transmitted layers, and the precoders; and determining whether to precode at least one of the DMRS antenna ports with the precoders. The method further maps the precoded data symbols and the DMRS antenna ports to a quantity of resource elements. The method then modulates a signal comprising the resource elements and transmits the modulated signal to a receiver. Subsequently, the method estimates a channel received by the receiver over the DMRS antenna ports.

Abstract: A dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) system, comprising a plurality of laser transmitters, a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) optically coupled to the laser transmitters and to an output optical transmission media, a coupler optically coupled to the output optical transmission media, an interferometric filter optically coupled to the coupler but not directly to the output optical transmission media, and a light reflector optically coupled to the interferometric filter and not directly to the output optical transmission media.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first interface configured to transmit or receive backbone traffic, a second interface configured to transmit or receive non-backbone traffic, and a third interface in communication with the first interface and second interface, the third interface configured to multiplex or demultiplex the backbone traffic and the non-backbone traffic is disclosed, wherein the backbone traffic is traffic that will be, is, or has been B-tagged. Also disclosed is a node comprising a processor configured to implement a method comprising receiving a first data stream comprising backbone traffic, receiving a second data stream comprising non-backbone traffic, and multiplexing the first data stream with the second data stream.

Abstract: A system and method for securing wireless communications are provided. A method for transmitting a message by a transmitter includes partitioning the message into N sub-messages, where N is a positive integer value greater than or equal to two, encoding the N sub-messages into a plurality of packet groups with a first security code, encoding the plurality of packet groups into a plurality of output packets with a second security code, and transmitting the plurality of output packets.

Abstract: A network comprising a destination node, and a plurality of source nodes configured to transmit high-priority data and low-priority data to the destination node, wherein the source nodes correlate the transmission of the high-priority data to the destination node such that the high-priority data from each source node does not substantially contend with the high-priority data from the other source nodes upon arrival at the destination node. Also disclosed is a network component comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising creating a periodic time window, partitioning the time window into low-priority time-bands and high-priority time-bands, placing a plurality of high-priority packets in the high priority time-bands, and placing a plurality of low-priority packets in the low-priority time-bands.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a network device has an input port for receiving input packets, and an output port for sending output packets, where the input packets and output packets have context layer information. The network device also includes a processor configured to process the input packets and output packets using a network protocol having a context layer.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to receive a first message from a local mobility anchor (LMA), wherein the first message initiates a flow binding operation that does not require mobility management by a mobile node (MN), perform the flow binding operation, and transmit a second message from a media access gateway (MAG) to the LMA acknowledging that the flow binding operation was successfully performed, wherein the flow binding operation comprises adding the flow binding to a MAG, deleting the flow binding from the MAG, modifying the flow binding in the MAG, refreshing the flow binding in the MAG, moving the flow binding from the MAG to a second MAG, switching the flow binding from the LMA to a second LMA, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A system comprising an access node (AN) coupled to a plurality of service providers (SPs) and a host and configured to forward a plurality of services between the SPs and the host using a plurality of first connections between the AN and the host and a plurality of second connections between the AN and the SPs, and a router gateway (RG) positioned between the host and the AN and coupled to the AN via an access line that comprises the first connections, wherein the AN translates a plurality of first identifiers for the first connections to a plurality of second identifiers for the second connections to route the services appropriately between the host and the SPs over the first connections and the corresponding second connections.

Abstract: A structure for storing and cooling electronics comprising a frame support, an internal equipment chamber mounted to the frame support, wherein the internal equipment chamber comprises a tubelike structure defining openings in a front and a back of the internal equipment chamber, and wherein the internal equipment chamber is configured to support electronic equipment such that the weight of the electronic equipment is born by the frame support and not the internal equipment chamber, and a plurality of removable panels disposed around the frame such that a gap is formed between the exterior of the internal equipment chamber and the plurality of removable panels, wherein air may circulate in the gap between the internal equipment chamber and the plurality of removable panels to help regulate a temperature within the internal equipment chamber.