Abstract: (1) Pyrrolidonyl acrylate block polymers having the formula ##STR1## wherein n has a value of 1 to 3; X and X' are dissimilar and each is hydrogen or methyl; y and z each have a value of from 1 to 40, except that at least one of y and z is greater than 1 and R is hydrogen or methyl;(2) preparation of said polymers and(3) uses of said polymers.

Abstract: The present application relates to cationic block polyesters useful as soil release agents, softeners and antistatic agents. In addition to cleaning performance, laundry detergent compositions should have other benefits. One is the ability to impart soil release properties to fabrics woven from polyester fibers.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is ##STR2## B is C.sub.8-24 alkyl--; ##STR3## Y and Z are each H or C.sub.1-12 alkyl; m is an integer having a value of 1 to 100;n is an integer having a value of 2 to 50;p is an integer having a value of 0 or 1;s is an integer having a value of 1 or 2;R' is H or CH.sub.3 andA is H or ##STR4## wherein R" is hydrogen or methyl and r is an integer having a value of from 1 to 100.The invention also relates to the process for the preparation of said compounds, as well as the process of using them as a surfactant or complexing agent and compositions therefor.

Abstract: The present invention deals with novel quaternary compounds and their application as softening, anti-tangle, and conditioning agents. The properties of these novel quaternary compounds which make them well suited for these applications is their substantivity to fibers, hair and skin and that they are very mild to the skin and eyes.The compounds of the invention conform to the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 ;R' is the same or different than R and is from C.sub.6 to C.sub.20,EO is an ethylene oxide residue;PO is a propylene oxide residue;x,y,z are integers and independently are from 0 to 10.

Abstract: A memory element for an electron beam target comprising an electrically insulating support laminated to a conductive layer which, in turn, is laminated to a dielectric surface layer having a thickness less than 1 micrometer, e.g. 0.04-0.8 micrometer, a resistivity of at least 10.sup.16 ohm-cm and a dielectric strength of at least 10.sup.5 volts/cm; said dielectric surface layer comprising a material sensitive to electron beam irradiation and provided, essentially coplanar with its exposed surface, with focusing means or indicia in the form of shaped patterns that provide reference points for locating recording or retrieval points during electron beam exposure and scanning of the target surface.Writing is accomplished by irradiating with an electron beam either to develop a charge pattern or to alter the state of polymerization of cross-linking or both in a prescribed pattern for transmitting data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel supported catalyst comprising (a) copper, (b) a metal having an atomic weight greater than 100 and selected from Groups VIIB and VIII of the Periodic Table and (c) an alkali metal in a weight ratio of about 8-40:0.05-5:1.5-10 and to the use of the catalyst in the hydrogenation of butyrolactone to 1,4-butanediol.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain phenoxybenzoates having excellent selective herbicidal properties. The compounds of the present invention are defined by the formula ##STR1## wherein L, M and N are independently hydrogen, halogen, trihalomethyl, nitro, cyano, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.

Abstract: The process relates to the removal of copper contaminants from crude polyacetylenes containing up to 30 wt. % copper impurity by contacting a melt of the polyacetylene with aqueous hydrogen chloride to form an oil phase and an aqueous acid phase, separating said phases, treating the separated oil phase with from about 1 to about 10 volumes of water until subsequent oil and water phases are formed, agitating the separated oil phase while cooling to form a particulate product and drying said particles to recover purified polyacetylene.

Abstract: A rectangular shingle sheet having a butt portion which is longitudinally divided into spaced apart tab segments and an undivided headlap portion which is 1.3 to 1.5 times higher than the outward extensions of said tab segments in the butt portion; the butt portion and headlap portion carrying an asphaltic backing of varying thickness wherein the upper area of the headlap portion which is of a height approximately equal to that of the butt portion is coated with an asphaltic backing of between about 5 and about 15 mils thickness and the remaining lower area of the headlap portion and the entire butt portion is uniformly coated with an asphaltic backing of between about 20 and about 100 mils thickness. In one embodiment, the shingle is a composite roofing shingle comprising a shingle sheet having a butt portion which is longitudinally divided into spaced apart tab segments, and a separate elongated strip underlying the tab segments which fills the space between the tabs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel supported catalyst comprising a combination of metals with nickel as component (a), a metal having an atomic number greater than 43 from Group VIII of the Periodic Table as component (b) and rhenium as component (c) in a weight ratio of (a):(b):(c) of about 10-90:0.05-5:0.03-10 and to the use of the catalyst for high pressure hydrogenation reactions, particularly for the hydrogenation of butanediol product containing aldehyde, butynediol and color forming impurities.

Abstract: A composition comprising an aqueous preparation on the basis of keratin softening, which contains as a swelling and penetration agent, an N-alkyl pyrrolidone wherein the alkyl group contains between 8 and 22 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a highly filterable, water insoluble vinyl lactam polymer and to a process for improving filterability of such polymer which comprises irradiation with a source of radiant energy at a dosage sufficient to effect additional cross-linking and or saturation of the polymer.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of haloalkyl lactams having the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 3; m is an integer having a value of 1 or 2 and X is chlorine or bromine in the absence of an inert solvent by reacting a hydroxyalkyl lactam of the formula ##STR2## with a thionyl chloride or bromide in the liquid phase under anhydrous conditions, vaporizing and removing any excess thionyl halide along with SO.sub.2 by-product from the liquid reaction mixture under vacuum followed by vacuum distillation of the remaining liquid product mixture at a temperature below its decomposition and recovering said product.The product of this process can be obtained in greater than 90% yield and 99% purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a class of compounds which have superior soil release properties over heretofore known soil release polymers. The compounds are prepared by the reaction of an aromatic hydroxy containing polyester soil release agent with trimellitic anhydride under acid catalysis to produce an aromatic terminal capped carbonyloxy soil release polymer.

Abstract: The process relates to the recovering of essentially pure acetylene from the gaseous out-put stream from a coal to acetylene conversion process. A plasma arc generator or other high energy type reactor can be used for the conversion to coal. The gaseous out-put stream is initially treated in an acid gas removal stage by absorbing HCN and H.sub.2 S in an organic solvent such as N-methyl pyrrolidone and scrubbing with a caustic agent such as NaOH to remove CO.sub.2. In a second stage, the gaseous out-put stream is scrubbed with the organic solvent to provide a sweet gas treatment and remove essentially pure acetylene as a product. In a third stage, the second stage gases are first hydrogenated, then desulfurized and then methanated. The out-put from the third stage is recycled to the coal to acetylene conversion process. In a fourth stage, the organic solvent from said second stage is refined and recycled to the first stage and/or second stage.

Abstract: A retarding field spectrometer has a mounting ring for attachment to the pole piece of a scanning electron microscope or similar beam generator. Supported by the mounting ring are three screen electrodes with their planes positioned normal to the beam axis and adjustable as a unit in a pseudo-orthogonal manner through two worm and gear drives of eccentrics cooperating with an aperture and a slot, respectively, in a plate carrying the electrode closest to the pole piece. Three continuous dynode electron multipliers are arrayed symmetrically about the beam at-rest axis between the last mentioned electrode and the intermediate electrode. The multipliers have cathodes maintained at substantially the same potential as the intermediate electrode.

Abstract: The process for improving radiant energy sensitivity of a film base coated with a dispersion of a normally crystalline polyacetylenic compound in a non-solvating liquid which is dried on the film surface; said polyacetylenic compound preferably having at least two conjugated acetylenic linkages and containing from 20 to 60 carbon atoms. The process comprises dispersing said normally crystalline polyacetylenic compound in the non-solvating liquid to a concentration of from about 2 to about 50% polyacetylene crystalline solids and ageing said dispersion by (a) storing at a temperature of between about 0.degree. C. and about 12.degree. C. for a period of from about 1 to about 30 days or (b) freezing said dispersion at a temperature between about -78.degree. C. and about -1.degree. C. for a period of from about 1 to about 75 hours or (c) a combination of the above ageing techniques any or all of which are completed before drying said dispersion on a substrate.

Abstract: A permanent hair color altering composition comprising an aqueous preparation on the basis of melanin dissolution and/or oxidation of a hair colorant dye intermediate, which contains as a swelling and penetration agent, an N-alkyl pyrrolidone wherein the alkyl group contains between 8 and 22 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds having the structure ##STR1## wherein M is an alkali metal and n is an integer having a value of from 0 to 12. The invention also relates to the method of preparing said metal derivatives of butenediol and to their catalytic use in vinylation reactions.

Abstract: The invention deals with the preparation, compositions, and application of certain high molecular weight hydrophobic ether-esters which are useful in polycarbonate processing.