Abstract: A photodetector and method of detecting far infrared optical signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, the photodetctor has a plurality of N barriers, N being an integer greater than 1, each barrier being a layer of a material made from a first and a second group III elements and a first group V element and characterized by a bandgap. The photodetector further has a plurality of N?1 emitters, each emitter being a layer of material made from a third group III element and a second group V element and characterized by a bandgap different from that of the barriers and having at least one free carrier responsive to optical signals, wherein each emitter is located between two barriers so as to form a heterojunction at each interface between an emitter and a barrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 2,5-bis{[alkyl (or aryl) imino]aminophenyl}furans and thiophenes of the general formula in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkoxy, halide, and alkylhalide groups; R5 is H, alkyl or aryl; R6 is H, alkyl, aryl, or NR7R8, in which R7 and R8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl and aryl; and X is O, S or NR9, in which R9 is H or alkyl, and to the use of such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and methods that are useful in treating members of the Flaviviridae family of viruses. Compounds of the present invention will have a structure according to Formulas (I)–(VI) as recited throughout the application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and methods that are useful in treating members of the Flaviviridae family of viruses. Compounds of the present invention will have a structure according to Formulas (I)–(VI) as recited throughout the application.

Abstract: Asymmetric derivatives of furamidines with one of the phenyl rings of furamidine replaced with a benzimidazole have been found by quantitative footprinting analyses to bind GC containing sites on DNA more strongly than to pure AT sequences. These compounds have been shown to bind in the minor groove at specific GC containing sequences of DNA in a highly cooperative manner as a stacked dimer. Compounds of the present invention find use in selectively binding mixed sequence DNA, and may also be used in methods of regulating gene expression, methods of treating opportunistic infections and cancer, as well as in methods of detecting certain sequences of DNA.

Abstract: Bis-aryl diamidoxime compounds, such as 2,5-bis [4-hydroxy and 4-O-alkylamidinophenyl] furans, can be prepared from 2,5-bis tri-alkylstannanes via a one step palladium-catalyzed cross reaction. Bis-aryl diamidoxime compounds, such as 2,5-bis [4-hydroxy and 4-O-alkylamidinophenyl]furans, are useful as therapeutic compounds. The disclosed process is scalable, simpler, more economic and more feasible than other presently known methods of preparing 2,5-bis [4-hydroxy and 4-O-alkylamidinophenyl]furans and other bis-aryl diamidoxime compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and compositions for identifying viral resistance genes and for identifying individuals having resistant or susceptible genotypes. Once identified as either resistant or susceptible, appropriate actions, such as vaccination, can be undertaken by the individuals. In particular, methods and compositions for identifying genes associated with resistance or susceptibility for flaviviruses are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using thereof for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases resulting from infection with one or more of viral pathogens have been developed. The compositions contain one or more porphyrins, tetrapyrrole macrocycle compounds with bridges of one carbon joining the pyrroles. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions are administered in a formulation suitable for administration to a mucosal surface.

Abstract: Asymmetric derivatives of furamidines with one of the phenyl rings of furamidine replaced with a benzimidazole have been found by quantitative footprinting analyses to bind GC containing sites on DNA more strongly than to pure AT sequences. These compounds have been shown to bind in the minor groove at specific GC containing sequences of DNA in a highly cooperative manner as a stacked dimer. Compounds of the present invention find use in selectively binding mixed sequence DNA, and may also be used in methods of regulating gene expression, methods of treating opportunistic infections and cancer, as well as in methods of detecting certain sequences of DNA.

Abstract: A nanostructure is used to generate a highly localized nanoscale optical field. The field is excited using surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (SPASER). The SPASER radiation consists of surface plasmons that undergo stimulated emission, but in contrast to photons can be localized within a nanoscale region. A SPASER can incorporate an active medium formed by two-level emitters, excited by an energy source, such as an optical, electrical, or chemical energy source. The active medium may be quantum dots, which transfer excitation energy by radiationless transitions to a resonant nanosystem that can play the same role as a laser cavity in a conventional laser. The transitions are stimulated by the surface plasmons in the nanostructure, causing the buildup of a macroscopic number of surface plasmons in a single mode.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to a method of treating infectious bursal disease (IBD) in an avian subject in need of such treatment. The method comprises administering to the subject a compound of the formulas (I) through (IV) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount sufficient to treat IBD. In another aspect, the invention relates to a method of producing active immunity against infectious bursal virus disease (IBD) in an avian subject. The method comprises administering to a subject an immunogenic-amount of an IBDV vaccine and a compound selected from the compounds of formulas (I) through (IV) described herein. The compound represented by formulas (I) through (IV) is administered in an amount sufficient to induce an immune response in the avian subject.

Abstract: Bis-aryl diamidoxime compounds, such as 2,5-bis[4-hydroxy and 4-O-alkylamidinophenyl]furans, can be prepared from 2,5-bis tri-alkylstannanes via a one step palladium-catalyzed cross reaction. Bis-aryl diamidoxime compounds, such as 2,5-bis[4-hydroxy and 4-O-alkylamidinophenyl]furans, are useful as therapeutic compounds. The disclosed process is scalable, simpler, more economic and more feasible than other presently known methods of preparing 2,5-bis[4-hydroxy and 4-O-alkylamidinophenyl]furans and other bis-aryl diamidoxime compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 2,5-bis {[alkyl(or aryl)imino]aminophenyl}furans and thiophenes of the general formula in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkoxy, halide, and alkylhalide groups; R5 is H, alkyl or aryl; R6 is H, alkyl, aryl, or NR7R8, in which R7 and R8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl and aryl; and X is O, S or NR9, in which R9 is H or alkyl, and to the use of such compounds.

Abstract: A methods of treating an infection comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described by the Formula (I)

Abstract: Asymmetric derivatives of furamidines with one of the phenyl rings of furamidine replaced with a benzimidazole have been found by quantitative footprinting analyses to bind GC containing sites on DNA more strongly than to pure AT sequences. These compounds have been shown to bind in the minor groove at specific GC containing sequences of DNA in a highly cooperative manner as a stacked dimer. Compounds of the present invention find use in selectively binding mixed sequence DNA, and may also be used in methods of regulating gene expression, methods of treating opportunistic infections and cancer, as well as in methods of detecting certain sequences of DNA.

Abstract: A methods of treating an infection comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described by the Formula (I): wherein: X may be O, S, or NR′ wherein R′ is H or loweralkyl, R1 and R2 may be independently selected from the group consisting of H, loweralkyl, oxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, and alkylaminoalkyl; R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, loweralkyl, halogen, oxyalkyl, oxyaryl, and oxyarylalkyl; R5 is represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of: wherein: X1, X2, and X3 are independently selected from O and S; and R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of loweralkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, oxyaryl, an ester-containing substituent, and oxyalkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A methods of treating an infection comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound described by the Formula (I): wherein: X may be O, S, or NR′ wherein R′ is H or loweralkyl; R1 and R2 may be independently selected from the group consisting of H, loweralkyl, oxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, and alkylaminoalkyl; R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, loweralkyl, halogen, oxyalkyl, oxyaryl, and oxyarylalkyl; R5 is represented by a formula selected from the group consisting of:  wherein: X1, X2, and X3 are independently selected from O and S; and R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of loweralkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, oxyaryl, an ester-containing substituent, and oxyalkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of immunology. More particularly it concerns compositions and methods for inhibiting stimulation of the immune system. The compounds and methods comprise compounds that are analogs and derivatives of chloroquine, such as 4-aminoquinolines, and other weak bases. They can be used in preventative and therapeutic treatments of autoimmune diseases and phenomena, transplant rejection such as host-versus-graft disease, and sepsis.

Abstract: A method of treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a subject in need of such treatment is disclosed. The method comprises orally administering to the subject a bis-benzamidoxime, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, that is reduced in the subject to produce a benzamidine having anti-P. carinii activity. The method of the present invention may alternatively comprise intravenously administering to the subject an active compound as disclosed herein. Pharmaceutical formulations and active compounds useful in the practice of the present invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating Crytococcus neoformans and Candida albicans in a subject in need of such treatment. The methods comprises administering to the subject a dicationic bis-benzimidazole in an amount effective to treat the conditions.