Abstract: A value or security document (2) contains a security feature (4) in the form of a film laser with an emitter layer (12) and preferably a protective layer (14). A spatial, periodic modulation (8), preferably of the surface of a substrate, permits fine adjustment of a laser wavelength within a range of possible wavelengths. This permits a coding of the security feature by different portions of different wavelengths.

Abstract: For protecting a computer from manipulation of register contents, copies of registers to be protected (6; PC) are created in separate redundancy registers (10a-10c). At each instruction execution, the content of the register to be protected is compared with the copy thereof. The instruction is only executed if there is a match of register contents. If there is a mismatch of register contents, this is interpreted as an indication that the content of the register to be protected has been manipulated, and error handling is performed.

Abstract: In a method for the personalization of portable data carriers (700) into a non-volatile memory (350) of the data carrier (700) there are written personalization data (100,101,102), wherein the personalization at first is carried out as a virtual personalization (1000) in a virtual data carrier (500), then a memory image (250) is generated as a bit-true image of a memory (150) of the virtual data carrier (500) and finally the memory image (250) with the aid of its physical memory addresses is directly introduced into the memory (350) of the real data carrier (700). Here the personalization data (100, 101, 102) in addition to the initialization data (90) also comprise individualization data (110, 111, 112). Preferably, the introduction of the personalization data (100,101,102) into the data carrier (700) can be carried out after the production of the data carrier (700) at an authority issuing the data carrier (700) or at the end user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a security element for security papers, value documents and the like, having a micro-optical moiré magnification arrangement having a motif image (30) that consists of a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of micromotif elements (36, 38), and a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of microfocusing elements for the moiré-magnified viewing of the micromotif elements (36, 38) of the motif image, the motif image (30) including two or more sub-regions (32, 34) having micromotif elements (36, 38) that differ from each other in their contrast, and wherein the shape of the sub-regions (32, 34) forms, due to the contrast differences in the micromotif elements (36, 38), a perceptible macroscopic piece of image information in the form of characters, patterns or codes.

Abstract: A card, in particular credit card, identity card, bank card or the like is proposed that includes a plurality of laminated layers between which a security element with a relief structure, in particular holographic diffraction structures, is embedded. The materials are selected so that the softening temperature of the security element layer having the relief structure has a higher softening temperature than the card layers between which the security element is laminated. This permits the multilayer laminated card to be produced by conventional laminating methods without appreciably impairing the relief structure by the pressures and temperatures thereby occurring. Special combinations of materials and in particular suitable materials for the layer having the relief structure are proposed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for testing the authenticity of a data carrier (1) and/or an external device (2) which enters into data exchange with the data carrier (1). According to the invention, the data carrier (1) and the external device (2) are each equipped with a special additional apparatus (4, 6) for generating and/or testing authenticity data. Data transmission between the data carrier (1) and the external device (2) as required for authenticity testing is performed at least partly via a special transmission channel (B). The transmission channel (B) for transmitting authenticity data is separated physically or logically from a transmission channel (A) for transmitting standard data so that there is no mutual interference of data transmission via the two transmission channels (A, B).

Abstract: A data carrier with an optically variable structure having an embossed structure with raised areas and a first coating contrasting with the surface of the data carrier. The embossed structure and the first coating are so combined that at least parts of the coating are completely visible upon perpendicular viewing but concealed upon oblique viewing so that a tilt effect arises upon alternate perpendicular and oblique viewing. The first coating is provided only in certain areas. Additionally, the optically variable structure has at least in partial areas a second coating likewise contrasting with the data carrier surface and disposed in overlap with the first coating at least in partial areas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for singling sheet material, in particular papers of value such as bank notes, checks, etc., for subsequent processing of single pieces of sheet material. To permit recognition of mix-ups in the singling order, maintenance of the singling order is checked at the place of singling by monitoring whether the next piece of sheet material to be singled is singled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for applying a colored or colorless micropattern to a support, in which a) a die form (40) is prepared whose surface exhibits an arrangement of elevations (42) and depressions (44) in the form of the desired micropattern, b) the depressions (44) in the die form are filled with a curable colored or colorless lacquer (26), c) the support (20, 30) is pretreated for a good anchoring of the colored or colorless lacquer (26), d) the surface of the die form (40) is brought into contact with the support (20, 30), e) the lacquer (26) that is in contact with the support (20, 30) in the depressions in the die form (40) is cured and, in the process, joined with the support (20, 30), and f) the surface of the die form (40) is removed from the support (20, 30) again such that the cured lacquer (26) that is joined with the support (20, 30) is pulled out of the depressions (44) in the die form (40).

Abstract: An apparatus for processing sheet material includes a transport device for transporting single sheets of the sheet material. The transport device includes a diverting device for diverting the transport direction of the single sheets having one or more opposite first and second diverting elements between which the sheets are transported through for diversion. One of the diverting elements has a roughened surface with depressions of at least 1 mm. The apparatus further includes a smoothing device arranged so as to pull apart the sheet material in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction immediately before diversion in the diverting device.

Abstract: A spiral slot stacker (1) has a stacker wheel (4) for accommodating sheet material (6, 7, 8), a stripper (2) for stripping off the accommodated sheet material (6, 7, 8) and a stack deposit (9) for stacking the stripped-off sheet material (6, 7, 8). The stacker (2) is movable and in a first position strips off the sheet material (6, 7, 8) from the stacker wheel (4) in such a manner that it is intermediately stacked between the stacker wheel circumference and a guideway (3). When the stripper (2) is moved to a second position, it stacks the intermediately stacked sheet material (7) on the stack deposit (9), and subsequent sheet material (6, 7, 8) is directly stacked on the stack deposit without intermediate stacking.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus (1) for examining documents (2), in particular banknotes. Therein the apparatus (1) comprises at least one light source (3), at least one spectral device (8) and at least two detection devices (9, 10, 11, 24). By means of the light source (3) the document (2) is irradiated and the light emitted and/or reflected and/or transmitted by the document (2) is subsequently divided into spectral components by means of the spectral device (8). The spectral components are separately detected by the detection devices. The spectral division of the light (4) emanating from the light source (3) can also be carried out before the light impinges on the document (2). The apparatus (1) is designed so as to individually weight the spectral components to be detected respectively by the detection devices (9, 10, 11, 24).

Abstract: The invention relates to a printed data carrier having a printed surface and at least one printed partial surface enclosed thereby on all sides, the surface and the partial surface being printed by intaglio printing and contrasting visually due to an ink layer of varying thickness. The invention likewise relates to the method for producing the data carrier, the printing plate used therefor, and the method for producing the printing plate.

Abstract: Security element 2, 4 to be embedded in or applied to a security document so that it is visually recognizable from both sides of security document 1 is of multilayer construction and includes interference element I with a color shift effect and diffraction structures 8. Depending on the arrangement of the layers and existing diffraction structures 8 on transparent substrate S the color shift effect and/or the diffractive effects are perceptible from one or both sides of security element 2, 4. The security element is suitable in particular as two-sided windowed thread 4 and as label or transfer element 2 over hole 3.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for checking bank notes, in which data from at least two different measurings of the bank notes to be checked are evaluated. Bank notes are checked, whereby data from at least two different measurings of bank notes to be checked are evaluated, a first property of the bank note to be checked being derived from the data of at least one first measuring, at least one second property of the bank note to be checked being derived from the data of at least one second measuring. A correlation between the first and the second property for the same places on the bank note to be checked is determined, and the first property is derived once again. For the places of the bank note to be checked, for which a correlation between first and at least second property has been determined, an altered derivation of the first property from the data of the at least first measuring is performed.

Abstract: An illuminating device for linearly illuminating a flat object, in particular a bank note, includes at least one or a plurality of linearly disposed light sources, a mirror arrangement serving as a reflector that extends in parallel to the linearly disposed light sources, with an optical axis perpendicular thereto. The mirror arrangement includes plane mirrors, with at least one first mirror having a structure, which images the light source to form at least one linear image in parallel to the mirror arrangement. At least one second mirror images the at least one linear image to form a linear illumination in parallel to the mirror arrangement on the optical axis or in the proximity of the optical axis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a data carrier having a semiconductor chip (5) with at least one memory. The memory contains an operating program that is able to perform at least one operation (h). In order to prevent unauthorized access to the data (x) processed with the operation (h), both said data and the operation (h) itself are disguised. The disguising of the data (x) and the operation (h) is coordinated such that the disguised operation (hR1R, hR1R2) generates either the output data (y) of the undisguised operation (h) or disguised output data (y{circle around (x)}R2) from which the output data (y) can be determined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining the state of bank notes. Determination of the state of bank notes by which data of at least two different properties of the bank notes are evaluated involves linking the data of the at least two different properties of each bank note with each other, and deriving the state of the bank note from the linked data of the different properties.

Abstract: A method for filling ATM cassettes for automatic teller machines in branch banks provides to fill the empty or half-empty money cassette removed from the automatic teller machine of a branch bank in a mobile charging station during the drive to the next branch bank and to exchange such a money cassette for the empty or half-empty ATM cassette of this next branch bank, etc. The mobile charging station is adapted to work fully automatically. Alternatively, the filling in the mobile charging station can be effected partially manually.