Abstract: Method of enhancing a resident population of microorganism in a selected site of the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, the method comprising providing to the animal a selected modified or unmodified resistant startch or mixtures thereof in combination with one or more probiotic microogranisms such that upon ingestion the starch passes through the gastrointestinal tract substantially unutilized until it reaches the selected site where it is utilised by the resident and/or the probiotic microogranisms thereof causing an increase in number and/or activity of the microogranisms.

Abstract: A method of catalyzing in vitro reactions using seeds containing enhanced amounts of enzymes is disclosed. The method involves adding transgenic, non-wild type seeds, preferably in a ground form, to a reaction mixture, especially a bakery process and allowing the enzymes in the seeds to increase the rate of reaction. By directly adding the seeds to the reaction mixture the method provides a solution to the expensive and problematic process of extracting and purifying the enzyme. Methods of treatment are also provided whereby a subject lacking a sufficient supply of an enzyme is administered the enzyme in the form of seeds containing enhanced amounts of the enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microbioligcal test method for detecting antibacterial compounds in liquid samples such as milk, meat juice, serum and urine. The method employs an acid-base or redox indicator to detect growth of a test organism and is characterised in that a thermophilic strain of Bacillus or Streptococcus, e.g. Bacillus stearothermophilus var. calidolactis C953, is employed at a concentration of above 107 CFU/ml, preferably between 2×107 and 3×108 CFU/ml.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a bread improving composition containing cellobiohydrolase and its use in bread making.

Abstract: Improved method of enhancing a population of one or more target micoorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, the improvement comprising providing to the animal a selected modified or unmodified resistant starch or mixtures thereof, such that the one or more microorganisms will selectively utilize the starch and/or increase in number and/or activity in the gastrointestinal tract, either uniformly throughout the gastrointestinal tract or at specific site or regions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of an antibiotic, in particular cefalexin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefaclor, cefradin, cefadroxil, cefotaxim and the like, wherein a beta-lactam core is acylated, the antibiotic is recovered from the reaction mixture, the remaining mother liquor is subjected to a hydrolysis reaction in which the antibiotic present in the mother liquor is decomposed into its initial compounds, in particular the beta-lactam core, and the acylation agent is hydrolized. The beta-lactam core can then be recovered virtually quantitatively or recycled to the acylation reaction. This is because it has been found that the solubility of the beta-lactam core is unexpectedly high at relatively high concentrations of acylation agent and antibiotic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of alcoholic beverages such as beer or whiskey with a mixture of enzymes comprising an endo-&bgr;(1,4)-xylanase, an arabinofuranosidase, an alpha-amylase, an endo-protease and a &bgr;-(1,3, 1,4)-glucanase, and optionally, a saccharifying amylase and/or an exopeptidase. Preferable are mixtures in which the enzymes which are necessary in the brewing process are provided by transgenic seeds. Only a minor amount of malt may be necessary for flavor and color.

Abstract: Method of enhancing a resident population of microorganism in a selected site of the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, the method comprising providing to the animal a selected modified or unmodified resistant starch or mixtures thereof in combination with one or more probiotic microorganisms such that upon ingestion the starch passes through the gastrointestinal tract substantially unutilized until it reaches the selected site where it is utilized by the resident and/or the probiotic microorganisms thereof causing an increase in number and/or activity of the microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides polypeptides with cellulase activity, corresponding DNA sequences, vectors, transformed hosts and a method for the production of these polypeptides, which are obtainable from Aspergillus niger var. niger or Aspergillus niger var. tubigensis.

Abstract: Improved method of enhancing a population of one or more target microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, the improvement comprising providing to the animal a selected modified or unmodified resistant starch or mixtures thereof, such that the one or more microorganisms will selectively utilise the starch and/or increase in number and/or activity in the gastrointestinal tract, either uniformly throughout the gastrointestinal tract or at specific site or regions.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a microbial polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)-containing oil with a high triglyceride content and a high oxidative stability. In addition, a method is described for the recovery of such oil from a microbial biomass derived from a pasteurised fermentation broth, wherein the microbial biomass is subjected to extrusion to form granular particles, dried and the oil then extracted from the dried granules using an appropriate solvent.

Abstract: &bgr;-Lactam granules free of organic solvents have been provided for. Also a process to prepare the same by applying during the granulation only water as binding solvent has been disclosed.

Abstract: A microtitration unit being at least one container of transparent material for accommodating biological test reaction mixtures. The container is subdivided into at least two chambers suitable for accommodating different test reaction mixtures by at least one partition which extends from the inside of the bottom of the container and which is of lower height than the internal height of the container.

Abstract: Probiotic composition comprising one or more probiotic microorganisms, a carrier which will function to transport the one or more probiotic microorganisms to the large bowel or other regions of the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, the carrier comprising a modified or unmodified resistant starch or mixtures thereof, which carrier acts as a growth or maintenance medium for microorganisms in the large bowel or other regions of the gastrointestinal tract, and an oligosaccharide. Method of increasing the number of probiotic or resident microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal comprising providing to the animal the probiotic composition.

Abstract: A flavor enhancer which is low in monosodium glutamate, which is substantially free of 5′-IMP and 5′-GMP and which enhances both meat, vegetable and diary flavors. The use of the flavor enhancer in flavoring compositions and food and feed applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to peptides with multiple enzymatic activitives: carboxymethyl cellusase(CMCase), endoglucanase and &bgr;-glucanase, corresponding nucleotides, vectors and transformed hosts, methods of preparation and use. The peptide is used in the food industry for the liquefaction of plant cell material, e.g., in vegetable or fruit juice manufacture, or as processing aids to reduce the fouling of membranes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a composition comprising natural vitamin B12, wherein said process comprises the steps of: a) obtaining microbial cells containing natural vitamin B12, b) causing opening of the microbial cells such that at least part of the soluble content of the cells comprising vitamin B12 is released in a liquid in which the cells are contained, c) separating the opened cells and the liquid comprising the vitamin B12, d) preparing a mixture of the vitamin B12 and at least a part of the opened cells, wherein the mixture has a vitamin B12 concentration on dry matter in excess of 0.1% (w/w).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the biosynthesis of &bgr;-lactam antibiotics. More specifically, the invention relates to processes of producing &bgr;-lactam antibiotics in vivo and in vitro. Also contemplated is a novel enzyme capable of catalyzing certain steps involved in &bgr;-lactam biosynthesis. Further, the invention relates to a DNA construct encoding the novel enzyme, a recombinant vector or transformation vehicle comprising the DNA construct, and finally a cell comprising the DNA construct or recombinant vector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of treating an oil, the process comprising contacting the oil with a polar solvent to extract at least one compound that is soluble in the solvent, and then separating the solvent containing the compound from the so treated oil. The oil is microbially derived, and extracted either from a fermentation broth or a filtrate thereof using hexane. The compound to be extracted is usually a sterol or a diglyceride. The solvent is ethanol having up to 5% water. The oil can contain a polyunsaturated fatty acid such as C18, C20 or C22 .omega.-3 or .omega.-6 fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.

Abstract: Transformed yeasts are provided which constitutively express a hexose transporter gene. The transformed yeast can be used in the beer, bread, wine and whisky production.