Abstract: A system for interactive hypothesis estimation of multi-vehicle traffic for autonomous driving is provided. The system includes a sensor upon a host vehicle providing data regarding an operating environment of the host vehicle and a computerized device. The computerized device is operable to monitor the data from the sensor, identify a road surface based upon the data, and identify a neighborhood object based upon the data. The computerized device is further operable to determine a pressure score for the neighborhood object based upon a likelihood that the neighborhood object will conflict with the host vehicle based upon the road surface and the neighborhood object, selectively track the neighborhood object based upon the pressure score, and navigate the host vehicle based upon the tracking of the neighborhood object.

Abstract: Provided is a processor-implemented method and a processor in a vehicle for estimating the value of a quantity for which a physical sensor is not available for measurement. The method includes: receiving a plurality of measured signals representing values of measurable variables; computing, in real-time, time derivatives of the measured signals; and applying a trained feedforward neural network, in real-time, to estimate values for a plurality of unmeasurable variables, the unmeasurable variables being variables that are unmeasurable in real-time, the feedforward neural network having been trained using test data containing time derivatives of values for the measurable variables and values for the unmeasurable variables; wherein the vehicle uses the estimated values for the unmeasurable variables for vehicle operation.

Abstract: An apparatus for automobile vehicle rotor temperature measurement includes a motor having a rotor. A stator has the rotor positioned within the stator. An aperture extends through the stator. A sensor is positioned in alignment with the aperture sensing a temperature of at least a surface of the rotor.

Abstract: A retention ring is configured to retain components within a transmission assembly. The retention ring has an annular main body defining an opening through a center thereof. The annular main body defines an outer curved surface and an inner curved surface, the annular main body having a distal face disposed in a distal plane and a proximal face disposed in a proximal plane. A first set of retention features extend from the inner curved surface, and a second set of retention features from the outer curved surface. One of the sets of retention features is configured to engage a backing plate or an outer member, and at least one of the sets of retention features is entirely disposed between the proximal plane and the distal plane. A transmission assembly includes the retention ring and an adjacent external snap ring.

Abstract: A speed reduction assembly for an electric vehicle includes an electric machine configured to operate as a motor and as a generator. The electric machine includes an output shaft that is rotatable about a longitudinal axis at an output speed. The assembly also includes an output member coupled to the output shaft and rotatable about the longitudinal axis at a reduced speed. In addition, the assembly includes a pericyclic apparatus coupled to the output shaft and the output member to reduce the output speed of the output shaft to the reduced speed of the output member. A vehicle may include the speed reduction assembly in certain configurations. The vehicle includes a battery module and the electric machine is in electrical communication with the battery module to recharge the battery module when the electric machine operates as the generator.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of compensation for capacity loss resulting from cycle-induced lithium consumption in an electrochemical cell including at least one electrode. Such methods may include adding a lithiation additive to the at least one electrode so as to create a lithium source. The lithium source compensates for cycle-induced lithiation loss such that the electrochemical cell having the lithiation additive experiences total capacity losses of less than or equal to about 5% of an initial capacity prior to cycling of lithium. The lithiation additive includes a lithium silicate represented by the formula LiuHr, where Hr=Liy-uSiOz and where 0?y?3.75 and 0?z?2 and u is a useable portion of y, 0?u?y. The lithium source may include z 4 ? L ? i 4 ? Si ? O 4 and LimSi, where 0?m?4.4.

Abstract: A method of resistance spot welding a workpiece stack-up that includes a steel workpiece and an aluminum workpiece includes adhering an aluminum patch to faying surface of a steel workpiece, positioning an aluminum workpiece over the aluminum patch and the steel workpiece to assemble a workpiece stack-up, passing an electric current through the workpiece stack-up to create a molten aluminum weld pool, and terminating passage of the electric current to solidify the molten aluminum weld pool into a weld joint that bonds the steel and aluminum workpieces together through the aluminum patch. A workpiece stack-up having a weld joint that bonds an aluminum workpiece and a steel workpiece together through an aluminum patch is also disclosed. The weld joint establishes a bonding interface with the faying surface of the steel workpiece, and the aluminum patch is adhered to the faying surface of the steel workpiece around the weld joint.

Abstract: Perception data based multipath identification and correction is based on recognition that sensors such as radar, LIDAR, and cameras can generate perception data indicative of locations and properties of terrestrial objects in an environment surrounding a satellite navigation device (e.g., a GNSS receiver), which data may then be used in training, or updating, a model for determining or correcting distances to satellites to account for multipath. Multipath identification includes identifying multipaths to train the model, e.g., by using perception data to perform ray tracing. Multipath correction includes using the model to correct distance errors due to the multipaths or, equivalently, using the model to determine distances to satellites in a manner that accounts for the multipaths.

Abstract: A light inspection system positions an autonomous vehicle (AV) in a field of view of a camera such that the camera captures an image of a light of the AV. The light inspection system instructs a camera to capture an image of the light while the light is switched on. The light inspection system receives the captured image, determines a luminance of the light based on the image, and determines to service the light in response to the luminance of the light being below a threshold luminance.

Abstract: Systems and method are provided for transmitting data from a vehicle using a Wi-Fi network. A method includes: collecting, by a processor, performance data associated with a plurality of access points in the Wi-Fi network; segmenting, by a processor, a route into a plurality of route segments; mapping, by a processor, the plurality of access points to the plurality of route segments; selecting, by a processor, a set of access points from the plurality of access points based on the collected performance data, wherein the set of access points comprises a selected access point for each route segment of the plurality of route segments; predicting, by a processor, a scanning channel based on the set of access points and a current location of the vehicle; and selectively transmitting, by a processor, packet data based on the set of access points, the scanning channel, and the associated performance data.

Abstract: A polymer-metal sandwich structure includes a first layer made of a polymer and having a first bonding surface, a second layer made of a metal and having a second bonding surface, and a third layer sandwiched between and in contact with the first and second bonding surfaces. The first layer contains or is capable of liberating anions of a first ion type at the first bonding surface, the second layer contains or is capable of liberating cations of a second ion type at the second bonding surface, and the third layer is made of a flame retardant formed of anions of the first ion type and cations of the second ion type. A method of manufacturing the polymer-metal sandwich structure is also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods in a vehicle involve transmitting light with an initial polarization from a lidar system, and controlling an external compensator, external to the lidar system, or an internal compensator within the lidar system to change the initial polarization of the light to a new polarization of the light. The method also includes receiving reflected light resulting from reflection of the light from one or more objects, and obtaining information about the one or more objects based on the reflected light.

Abstract: A multi-antenna ground plane structure in a vehicle includes a first ground plane to be electrically connected to a fascia chassis. The fascia chassis is a portion of the vehicle covered by a fascia. A first side of the first ground plane seats two or more antennas. The multi-antenna ground plane structure also includes one or more additional ground planes affixed to a second side, opposite the first side, of the first ground plane. One of the one or more additional ground planes is attached to one or more antennas such that the one or more antennas is oriented opposite an orientation of the two or more antennas seated on the first ground plane.

Abstract: A system includes a processor and a memory storing instructions which when executed by the processor configure the processor to receive first data from a first set of sensors arranged in a first configuration. The instructions configure the processor to transform the first data to a second data to train a model to recognize third data captured by a second set of sensors arranged in a second configuration. The second configuration is different than the first configuration. The instructions configure the processor to train the model based on the second set of sensors sensing the second data to recognize the third data captured by the second set of sensors arranged in the second configuration.

Abstract: A powertrain system is controlled to deliver axle torque in response to an operator accelerator pedal input. Axle torque is determined by metrics including historical control information, current control information, and future control information.

Abstract: A head up display (HUD) system includes: a laser; a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) panel configured to modulate light output by the laser; a modulator control module configured to, during each predetermined period: apply power to the LCoS panel for a first predetermined ON period; and disconnect the LCoS panel from power for a remainder of the predetermined period; and a laser control module configured to, during each predetermined period: when a temperature of the LCoS panel is less than a predetermined temperature: apply power to the laser for a second predetermined ON period while power is applied to the LCoS panel and after the modulator control module begins applying power to the LCoS panel, where the second predetermined ON period is less than the first predetermined ON period; and disconnect the laser from power for the remainder of the predetermined period.

Abstract: A system and method for locating a traffic light at a host vehicle. A probe vehicle obtains image data on an intersection that includes the traffic light when the probe vehicle is at the intersection and identifies the traffic light in the intersection from the data. A remote processor creates an observed node in a digital map corresponding to the traffic light and updates a mapped position of a mapped node within the digital map based on an observed position of the observed node. The host vehicle uses the mapped node of the digital map to locate the traffic light when the host vehicle is at the intersection.

Abstract: Engine systems use a three-way catalyst followed by air injection and mixing to convert all hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide under various load conditions when exhaust gas temperature is above 500 degrees Celsius. A three-way catalytic converter is disposed in the exhaust system. A nozzle is configured to inject air into the exhaust system downstream from the three-way catalytic converter. A mixing plate with or without catalyst coatings is disposed in the exhaust system downstream from the nozzle. The mixing plate is bow shaped with a concave shaped side facing the nozzle to enhance carbon monoxide conversion. Optional two way catalytic converters are added downstream from the mixing plate to further reduce tailpipe hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions.

Abstract: A tubing to supply diesel exhaust fluid to an exhaust system of a diesel engine includes an inner layer made of a first material and an outer layer made of a second material. The first material includes polyethersulfone polymer or polyphenylene sulfide. The second material includes a polyamide or polyphthalamide. An outer surface of the inner layer and an inner surface of the outer layer include a reactive material that facilitates bonding between the inner layer and the outer layer of the tubing.

Abstract: A method of laser welding a steel substrate and a ductile iron substrate is disclosed along with a laser welded assembly that may be formed by practicing the disclosed method. The disclosed laser welding method involves forming a laser weld joint between the steel and ductile iron substrates. The laser weld joint includes a fusion zone comprised of austenite ferrous alloy that has a composition derived from intermixing molten portions of the steel and ductile iron substrates as part of the laser welding process. The austenite ferrous alloy that constitutes the fusion zone of the laser weld joint has a carbon content of 2 wt % or more and a nickel equivalent of 60% or more and can be achieved without preheating the steel and ductile iron substrates prior to welding or using a filler wire to introduce a foreign metal into the molten substrate material created by the laser beam.