Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a thin film transistor which can improve the yield, characteristics and reliability of the thin film transistor by selectively forming a semiconductor layer on a desired portion of a substrate using a temperature difference on the surface of the substrate achieved by heating the substrate with a lamp. The method comprises the steps of forming a black matrix layer of metal on a portion of the whole surface of an insulating glass substrate, forming an insulating layer for protecting the substrate on the whole substrate including the black matrix layer, forming source/drain electrodes on the insulating layer over the black matrix, selectively forming a semiconductor layer on the insulating layer including the source/drain electrodes, forming a gate insulating layer and forming a gate electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the speed of a washing machine motor by varying the number of revolutions and changing direction of rotation of the motor to control the water current of the washing machine. The invention detects the actual speed of the washing machine motor at every half cycle of ordinary use power frequency, determines speed error by comparing the detected actual speed with an ordered speed, determines a speed state from the speed error, calculates a proportional integration value according to the determined speed state, and scales the calculated proportional compensation value into an angular value. The washing machine's motor speed is controlled using the scaled angular value.

Abstract: An optical pickup device capable of accessing, using one pickup device, two opposed discs without turning the pickup device over.

Abstract: A method of, and an apparatus for, the two-channel recording/playing back of signals in a VCR, wherein video data is divided into a signal with two channels to be recorded, so that HDTV signals can be recorded on a general S-VHS tape and played back therefrom. The apparatus includes: record system means for interleaving inputted data to divide it into two channels by adding dummy blocks and synchronizing blocks to the data at intervals of every two frames so as to record the data in two channels; playback system means for detecting data; and, synchronizing signal means for removing the dummy blocks and synchronizing blocks, based on the synchronizing signal, so as to format the data; means for combining and de-interleaving data of the two channels, and means for error-correcting and decoding the two channels.

Abstract: In a signal processing method to compress digital audio data by a block floating process, digital signal encoding/decoding apparatuses prevent deterioration of sound quality of the digital audio signal and improve the compression ratio of the digital audio signal when the digital audio signal is converted on a frequency axis per predetermined time frame, and data on the frequency axis is then divided into a plurality of blocks to be recorded, otherwise, bits are allocated per block to compress the digital audio signal for minimizing transmitted parameters. Also, encoding/decoding methods are provided to enable highly efficient encoding/decoding without recording or transmitting word length, allowing one to obtain a high-quality audio signal by allocating bits conventionally held by the word length to hold quantization data of a spectrum signal.

Abstract: An image decoder for an image compression/expansion system of HDTV or MPEG standard having an image motion compensation process, in which transform coding of video signal is parallel-processed in the unit of a predetermined image block with a reduced-speed clock, and at the same time, motion compensation is processed in the unit of overall picture with an original high speed clock. According to the present invention, motion compensation errors generated in contour portions of respective parallel-processed subpictures can be prevented and accordingly, picture quality can be improved and also hardware construction can be simplified.

Abstract: A hexagonal and pentagonal molecular structure water making apparatus includes an upper water reservoir disposed at a predetermined portion of the refrigerating chamber of the refrigerator, a hexagonal and pentagonal molecular structure water generating section for generating hexagonal and pentagonal molecular structure water by electrolysis of water from the upper water reservoir, a hexagonal and pentagonal molecular structure water storing section for storing hexagonal and pentagonal molecular structure water generated at the hexagonal and pentagonal molecular structure water generating section, and a freezing container for storing hexagonal molecular structure water after receiving water stored at the hexagonal molecular structure water storing reservoir of the hexagonal molecular structure water storing section through a connecting pipe. The hexagonal and pentagonal molecular structure water have useful effects for preventing adult diseases.

Abstract: A movie camera system having a function for projecting an image of an object being presently or previously imaged on an external screen, as well as a function for monitoring the image and a method of displaying a video signal therein. A composite video signal from a camera section or a VCR section is processed by a video signal processor in a display section so that it can be displayed on a display device including a matrix of pixels. The processed video signal from the video signal processor includes red, green and blue color signals. Arrangement of the proposed video signal is changed according to whether the projecting function or the view finding function is selected. According to the selected function, an optical image resulting from the video signal displayed on the display device is lighted by a large or small amount or light from a light source at the rear. The user can view or monitor the image on the display device through a focus lens unit at a front portion thereof.

Abstract: A brake device for magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus, such as a slide loading type camera recorder. The supply reel brake unit includes a supply reel brake having an operating pin, and a mode switch gear having an operating protrusion pushing the operating pin in a tape running mode, thereby releasing the tape supply reel table. In addition, the supply reel brake unit may comprise a drive cam gear, a supply reel brake cooperating with the drive cam gear to selectively brake the tape supply reel table.

Abstract: A method of displaying time of a VCR including steps for checking whether current time data is received, determining states of the received current time data corresponding to a duty cycle at times when the current time data is received and converting the determined logic states of the current time data to current time. The current time is then displayed. The current time is superimposed on a video signal and a resultant superimposed signal is displayed. The resultant superimposed signal is recorded when the user requires recording of the current time together with the video signal.

Abstract: A projection system suitable for reducing the convergence angles for red, green and blue color beams is disclosed. The projection system includes first and second beam projection tubes arranged in an in-line type arrangement in the center of the interior of a support part of the system, and a third beam projection tube placed beside the first and second beam projection tubes and inclined relative to the first and second projection tubes at predetermined inclination angles. A dichroic mirror is placed on an optical axis of the third projection tube in front of the third projection tube. The dichroic mirror transmits the beams projected by the first and second projection tubes but reflects the beam projected by the third projection tube. The third beam projection tube may be placed in back of the first and second beam projection tubes.

Abstract: A device for recording and reading a length of use of VCR tape provided to record an information on a length of recording period time and detect the information to use the tape efficiently. It is possible to record a time information of a record length mixed with video signals at a preset point when video signals are recorded on tape, and when reproduced, the time information can be detected and read to obtain the remaining reproduction length, which length can be displayed on a monitor by mixing with the video signals at a preset displaying point. It can offer a convenience to user by displaying the remaining length of a reproduction.

Abstract: An electron gun of a color picture tube which can make uniform beam spots on a screen by eliminating astigmation of electron beams caused by a self-convergence yoke is constructed by the use of the improved shapes of vertical blades or horizontal blades of astigmation correction electrodes.

Abstract: A biosensor for measuring gas-phase organic chemicals rapidly and accurately. The biosensor includes a thick film electrochemical device having an insulating substrate, electrodes formed on the substrate, connecting pads for the electrodes and an insulating layer, and a responsive membrane formed on the electrode portion of the electrochemical device. The responsive membrane is provided with a moisture-absorbing gel layer in which an enzyme for reacting with the gas-phase organic chemical is immobilized.

Abstract: A method and A circuit for detecting an auto tracking find error in a VCR, wherein a phase control range for a capstan motor is widened as compared with the prior art so that, when a phase of the capstan motor is widely detuned, the following speed for stabilization of the phase of the capstan motor can be made fast. According to the invention, in an interval of -.pi.-.pi. of the phase of the capstan motor, first latch data is selected as a phase error signal for control of the phase of the capstan motor. In intervals of -2.pi.--.pi. and .pi.-2.pi. of the phase of the capstan motor, second latch data is multiplied by two and is then of the same polarity as that of the first latch data. The second latch data multiplied by two is added to the first latch data. In result, the added value is selected as the phase error signal. Also, a portion of the data above double the upper limit value is cut in the interval of -2.pi.--.pi.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for determining reproduction position of a reproduction device.

Abstract: A channel equalizer for a digital television receiver which filters an input signal to remove a noise component mixed therewith during transmission. The channel equalizer comprises an initial coefficient storage unit for outputting a predetermined coefficient to channel equalizer circuit when a certain channel is firstly selected. The predetermined coefficient is used as an initial filtering value for allowing the channel equalizer circuit to update a filtering coefficient so that it can converge on an optimum value. The stored filtering coefficient is output to the channel equalizer circuit when the firstly selected channel is again selected, so that it can be used as the initial filtering value.

Abstract: A device and method for auto fine tuning for a television or a VCR which carries out auto fine tuning using tuning data of a channel is provided. The AFC (Auto Fine Control) information detected in response to the AFT (Auto Fine Tuning) signal applied at the time of channel selection is used as the tuning data.Exact and easy determination upon detection of a synchronization signal for the tuning data of the center frequency at the time of initial tuning is facilitated because the determination on the detection of synchronization signal is carried out in the process for processing video signals and reception of clear image through optimum tuning because the fine tuning is carried out utilizing AFT level.

Abstract: An improved hexagonal molecular structure water manufacturing apparatus and a method thereof capable of manufacturing hexagonal molecular structure water by rotating a permanent magnet in a hexagonal molecular structure water container of a refrigerator, which include a weight detection section for detecting the weight of water corresponding to a load of alternating water; a motor driving section for driving the motor in accordance with the detected weight; and a microcomputer for controlling the weight detection section and the motor driving section, respectively, and include a first step which detects whether or not the temperature of water is within a predetermined range; a second step which detects the amount of water when the temperature of the water of the first step is within a predetermined range; and a third step which drives a motor, alternating water in accordance with the detected weight of the second step, for a predetermined time.

Abstract: A laser printer includes a body, a cassette located in a lower part of the body for loading paper, a first paper feed roller for drawing paper from the cassette, and a first transfer path along which paper drawn from the cassette is guidingly transported. An open/close door is located at a front side of the body, wherein the door, when opened, exposes the first transfer path. A first guide part is located on an inside surface of the door and forms a portion of the first transfer path and guides the paper. A piece sheet feed opening is located at the front side of the body and leading to the first transfer path. The laser printer also includes a second transfer path adjacent to the first transfer path, a drum located below the second transfer path, and a second paper feed roller for transferring paper from the piece sheet feed opening and paper drawn from the cassette. The second paper feed roller is located inside the body opposite the piece sheet feed opening and between the first and second transfer paths.