Abstract: A photoflash unit employing an optical system or apparatus with improved center beam candle power seconds and zonal lumen seconds from the flash lamp therein, said unit also employing a minimized utilization ratio of lamp-to-package cross-sectional area. Each individual lamp capsule comprises a reflective element, a refractive element (lens), and at least one photoflash lamp (light source). The lens provides for lamp shred magnification so as to fill the cell (capsule) width to thus provide maximum transfer of light to the subject on axis. One embodiment has the light source fused (glued) to the reflector and lens while a second embodiment has an air interface between the source and the optical elements. In both embodiments, the lens is aspheric and substantially covers both the reflector and source.

Abstract: An integrated erectable antenna system comprises a mast pivotally mounted for rotation between a horizontal stowed position and a vertical operative position, and a log-periodic antenna assembly longitudinally slidably and pivotally mounted on the mast for movement between stowed and operative positions. The pivoted end of the mast has an extendible arm connected by cable to a hand operated winch. The antenna assembly comprises an elongated boom having many articulated transverse dipoles connected thereto over its length and foldable for stowing without disconnecting the dipole parts. The boom is hinged to the mast about one axis transverse to the latter for pivoting from a stowed position parallel to the mast to an operative position perpendicular to the mast and about another axis parallel to the boom for orienting the dipoles in either horizontal or vertical planes when the mast is in the vertical position.

Abstract: Reactive metal-palladium-silver are suitable for brazing ceramics, other non-metallic and metallic materials.

Abstract: A material consisting essentially of tungsten having from 5 to about 20 grains per square millimeter and a hardness on the Rockwell C scale from about 31 to about 35 is suited for armor penetration.

Abstract: A wear resistant coating on ceramic or metallic substrates is provided by coating the substrate with a titanium based alloy and then converting the titanium to titanium carbide, titanium nitride, titanium carboxynitride or titanium boride.

Abstract: Lumen maintenance of fluorescent lamps is improved by applying over the phosphor of the lamps a vapor deposited film of yttrium oxide having a purity of 99.99%. The vapor is generated by electron beam bombardment of an yttrium oxide target and the film is most efficacious when applied to a thickness of from about 120 to about 600 angstroms.

Abstract: A multilamp photoflash array has a circuit board with a printed circuit thereon and a plurality of flashlamps connected to the printed circuit with a normally open (N/O) switch of electrically insulating material overlaying a portion of the printed circuit and a normally closed (N/C) switch of solid electrically conductive material overlaying the normally open (N/O) switch and portion of the printed circuit to provide a crossover switch. A process for fabricating a crossover switch includes affixing the printed circuit to the circuit board, depositing a normally open (N/O) switch over a portion thereof and attaching a normally closed (N/C) switch of solid electrically conductive material over the printed circuit portion and normally open (N/O) switch to provide a crossover switch.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamps having colors similar to standard daylight can be prepared using two component compositions. A blue emitting phosphor having a peak emission with a specified range and a 50% band width within a specified range along with specific amounts of a yellow-emitting phosphor having a 50% band width within a specified range and a peak emission within a specified range provide a daylight lamp with a higher lumer per watt than the standard daylight lamp.

Abstract: An electrically-activated photoflash lamp which includes a lead glass envelope, a quantity of shredded zirconium or hafnium combustible material within the envelope, a combustion-supporting gas (e.g., oxygen) also within the envelope, and an ignition structure disposed within the envelope for igniting the combustible material upon application of a high voltage, low energy pulse thereto. The ignition structure includes a pair of metallic lead wires secured within one end of the envelope and having terminations which lie substantially flush with the interior surface of this end. A quantity of primer material bridges the terminations and is ignited upon application of the above pulse. The lead wires are secured and hermetically sealed within the envelope's end without the need for a press sealing operation. A method of making this lamp is also provided.

Abstract: A miniaturized multilamp photoflash includes a reflector member disposed within a plastic cover and having a plurality of cavities each containing a flashlamp and a pair of spaced leg members formed for engagement within a camera. A planar support platform is affixed to the reflector member and has a printed circuit on a surface adjacent the reflector member and a tab portion wider than the spaced leg members whereby insertion of the tab portion into a receiving socket is controlled by the width of the tab portion.

Abstract: A motor vehicle headlight having an improved lug and eyelet construction in which there is a reservoir formed between the lug and a boss formed on the reflector. This reservoir is for trapping and containing excess adhesive which is present during the assembly of such headlights.

Abstract: A pressable and sinterable metal carbide grade powder consists essentially of a uniform mixture of a refractory metal carbide powder, a metal binder powder, and from about 0.5 to about 5 percent by weight of an organic amide having a melting point greater than about 120 degrees centigrade.

Abstract: In a subminiature multilamp photoflash array having a plastic reflector member formed to provide a plurality of cavities each having a flashlamp therein and a flexible back portion, the electrical leads of the flashlamp pass through the reflector member and are positioned intermediate the flexible portion thereof and a printed circuit on a circuit board affixed to the reflector member.

Abstract: A contrast enhanced electroluminescent device employs a chromium oxide-chromium cermet as the contrast enhancing material.

Abstract: A process is disclosed wherein tungsten is recovered from hazardous waste material containing said tungsten, arsenic, and other impurities which can consist of magnesium, phosphorus, and silicon and the resulting waste is treated to render it nonhazardous according to EPA standards for arsenic. Said process involves digesting said hazardous waste material in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide, adjusting the pH of the resulting solution to about 11.0 to about 13.0 with NaOH to precipitate essentially all of the magnesium and silicon species, filtering the digestion mix to remove the solids from said resulting solution which contains about 80 to about 100% of said tungsten and essentially none of said magnesium and said silicon, slurrying the hazardous solids in hot water, and adding to the slurry a ferric salt solution to precipitate ferric hydroxide, filtering this mixture to give a solid which passes the EPA standard test for solids with respect to arsenic.

Abstract: A miniature, low-wattage, discharge lamp operable on direct current employs substantially parallel electrodes sealed in a single press seal. The electrodes are configured to provide an arc which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lamp with the cathode being substantially longer than the anode. Heat generated at the anode is dissipated through the seal to the cathode allowing the cathode to operate hot enough to be stable. The chemical fill for the lamp employs a mol ratio of thorium to cesium to permit good light output and good color rendition.

Abstract: An energy saving fluorescent lamp includes an elongated envelope having an interior coating with phosphor and an ionizable fill material, hermetically sealed end walls, an operating electrode affixed inwardly of each end wall and a starting electrode spaced at a lesser distance from each end wall with an electron shielding means adjacent a portion of the starting electrode and intermediate thereto and the operating electrode whereby a reduction in long wattage use is effected.

Abstract: Tungsten-to-quartz seals are improved by electrochemically etching drawn, ground tungsten rod until some of the original draw lines appear and then using the so treated rod in the seal formation. The etching is carried out in a solution of NaNO.sub.2 ; NaOH; and H.sub.2 O.

Abstract: In a process for producing fine size cobalt metal powder from scrap material containing brazing compositions, the silver ions are removed by cementation with iron to form an insoluble mixture which is subsequently treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid to solubilize the silver which is then precipitated as silver chloride.