Abstract: A multi-channel printer with a time profile recorder for recording time profiles of measured values and electrical connectors for detachable connection of signal connecting leads for measured value sources which is installed in grid-based switch panels or control panels. In further developing of such a flush-mounted printer in such a manner that the number of connecting elements available for signals supplied on separate leads is as high as possible despite the limited rear area will be proposed in the invention, that the time profile recorder (11) for recording time profiles of measured values and the electrical connector (12) for the detachable connection of signal connecting leads (3) for measured value sources are physically separated and are electrically connected to one another via connecting leads (13).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measuring of the total content of organic carbon and of nitrogen in water. The total organic carbon value is obtained correctly as the sum of the liquid, dissolved, and solid materials of a sample of the water. The device comprises a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas analyzer for the simultaneous measurement of the concentration of the gas components carbon dioxide CO.sub.2 and nitrogen oxide NO. The NDIR gas analyzer includes a phase separator (50), a thermal reactor (52), a double cooler (70), two valves (54, 56), as well as two amplifiers (58, 60) for the pneumatic signals of the receiver detectors (30, 36) with a display (62. 64) for the measured concentrations, total organic carbon and total nitrogen. The sample is split in a phase separator (50) into a gaseous and into a liquid part. The gaseous part, which comprises substantially the inorganic part of the carbon, the total inorganic carbon part in the form of carbon dioxide CO.sub.

Abstract: A method for measuring of the total content of organic carbon and of nitrogen in water. The total organic carbon value is obtained correctly as the sum of the liquid, dissolved, and solid materials of a sample of the water. The device comprises a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas analyzer for the simultaneous measurement of the concentration of the gas components carbon dioxide CO.sub.2 and nitrogen oxide NO. The NDIR gas analyzer includes a phase separator (50), a thermal reactor (52), a double cooler (70), two valves (54, 56), as well as two amplifiers (58, 60) for the pneumatic signals of the receiver detectors (30, 36) with a display (62. 64) for the measured concentrations, total organic carbon and total nitrogen. The sample is split in a phase separator (50) into a gaseous and into a liquid part. The gaseous part, which comprises substantially the inorganic part of the carbon, the total inorganic carbon part in the form of carbon dioxide CO.sub.

Abstract: A method and a device for the treatment of a gas to be analyzed in a gas mixture, including a separation of components from the gas mixture, where the presence of said components is undesirable for performing the analysis. An aerosol filter is employed for the separation of undesired components. A reagent material is admixed to the gas stream, wherein the reagent material forms an aerosol together with the undesired components of the gas mixture. The gas stream passes a reaction path (4) after the entering of the reagent materials. The reaction distance (4) provides a dwelling time for the generation of aerosols in the mixture of gases and the reagent material. The aerosol filter (5) is disposed downstream of the reaction distance (4), which separates the aerosols from the gas stream.

Abstract: The flame ionization detector includes basically a nozzle for a measuring gas fuel gas mixture and is coaxially disposed to a target electrode. Materials and dimensions for these components are critical and include a platinum metal nozzle tip, a noble metal surface target electrode, a limited range for the nozzle duct diameter, a limited range for the relative position between the nozzle tip and the lower end of the target electrode, and angle ranges for conical nozzle contour surfaces.

Abstract: The chopped infrared radiation leaving a measuring and sample gas chamber in an infrared gas analyzer is passed through and into two serially arranged detection chambers which are connected to a differential pressure chamber with capacitive pickup. The chambers are filled with gas of the type whose concentration, in the sample gas, is to be detected. One of the detector chambers contains a thin black wire, a diaphragm on the outside may shield an adjustable portion of that wire from radiation. The wire absorbs all radiation it intercepts and heats the environment.

Abstract: An analyzer for measuring the combined NO and NO.sub.2 concentrations includes a hollow cathode lamp with nitrogen/oxygen filling emitting radiation which is alternatingly passed through two narrow-band interference filters, one having a transmission range clearly outside any NO absorption bands and its NO.sub.2 absorption equals the difference of the absorption coefficients for NO and NO.sub.2 in the transmission band of the other filter. These two beams pass through a measuring gas cell and are photoelectrically detected for further processing.

Abstract: A two-beam, infrared gas analyzer includes a front and a rear detection cell in each path filled with gas of the type to be detected; and a pressure-differential chamber with capacitor pick-up is connected to these front and rear cells. The rear cells are constructed to ensure substantially complete absorption of all radiation of the absorption band being characteristic of the component to be detected. In one example, filters are interposed between front and rear cells for broadband, i.e., nonselective attenuation. Alternatively, the rear cells are connected to a reservoir of the same gas to attenuate pressure variations. Either case enhances frequency selectivity by reducing cross sensitivity.

Abstract: The cross sensitivity of a two-beam infrared gas analyzer is eliminated by using two differently long cells for the measuring gas in the two beam paths and by using an interference filter at least in the beam path containing the longer cell; the filter, however, does not filter the entire beam in that path.

Abstract: Two similarly dimensioned cases are preferably placed one on top of the other, with air space and electrical connections between them. The upper case has a door with a window and contains a slide-out and swing-out frame holding the indicating instrument and PC boards. The power supply is on the rear wall. The lower case has a slide-out tray, a door is hinged on the front edge, and on a horizontal axis. The tray supports the analyzer proper with incorporated preamplifiers. Both doors have sealing strips on the inside and can be bolted.

Abstract: The cross-sensitivity of a two-beam infrared gas analyzer is reduced by using two differently long cells for the sample gas in the two beam paths. The path with the short sample gas cell is intercepted by a detector cell having highly absorbing wall while the detector cell in the other path is highly reflective, e.g., made of gold. The two detector cells are interconnected by a differential pressure chamber with capacitive pickup.

Abstract: An analyzer such as a two beam infrared analyzer is assembled in building block fashion and includes a radiation source module and a detection module tied together by rods and in optical alignment with each other. Intermediate or "cell"-modules are hung on the rods and all adjacent, interfacing faces of the several modules are constructed for indexing, preventing lateral deflection when the fastened rods hold all parts together.

Abstract: The sensitivity and selectivity of a two beam analyzer operating with negative filtering and differential absorption-pressure detection is improved by employing differently long cells for the sample gas in the two beam paths, which reduces the effect resulting from overlapping absorption bands of the wanted and of unwanted components in the sample gas.

Abstract: Measuring channels with ionization detectors as primary input are supervised by monitoring any imbalance between AC and DC components of the measuring currents, primarily to detect insulation failure of the connecting cable on account of heavy radiation and thermal losses. Detection of the imbalance is independent from radiation changes to be measured.

Abstract: In a method for determining the inorganic carbon content of aqueous liquids, the liquid sample together with a carbon dioxide free carrier gas is injected vertically from top to bottom in to a heated reaction chamber. The reaction chamber is filled with liquid phosphoric acid. The carbon dioxide generated in the reaction of the sample with the phosphoric acid is fed to a CO.sub.2 analyser. The reaction chamber is preferably heated to a temperature of approximately 140.degree. C.

Abstract: A frequency spectrum with center frequency and lower, discrete side bands is derived from a microwave generator and fed to a cavity resonator of the reflector type so that a reflected component can be coupled out varying at an amplitude which represents the deviation of the spectrum center frequency from the cavity resonance frequency. The variable signal is used to control the microwave frequency generation. An invariable component, also coupled out, is indicative of the concentration of a gas having an absorption line at the resonance frequency.

Abstract: A gas analyzer has an output amplifier circuit which is drift compensated in that zero volts are established across a gain network for a particular low point measuring signal as the amplifier provides an output on the basis of a particular bias, while the gain network is adjusted so that the amplifier output equals a second reference signal. The drift compensation is automated in that the bias and the reference are used to drive adjusting devices while the gas analyzer receives particular reference gases.

Abstract: A mirror is mounted on a torsion fiber and at right angles to the axis of a light emitting semi-conductor (diode) with front lens. Two silicon photo-detectors are symmetrically positioned to the axis, right next to the lens, but in spaced apart relation for leaving a gap between them through which passes the light. Detectors and diode are mounted in a metal block.

Abstract: The two beam analyzer has chambers traversed by infrared beams and passed through by test gas; the intensity of each beam is detected by a detector having chambers which are filled with gas of the same type as the gas to be detected (as a trace) in the test gas. Additionally, one beam path includes a selectivity cuvette or cell, filled exclusively with that type of gas, but at a rather low pressure.

Abstract: A motor driven light chopper has a cylindrical motor casing with annular stator and rotor and windows in the end faces of the casing with cross bars serving for journalling the rotor shaft which is connected to the rotor by a single spoke. The light chopping diaphragm is releasibly secured to the shaft, on the outside of the casing so that one shutter blade or the like shades the spoke.