Abstract: There is provided a membrane-free axial flow electrolytic cell in which the anodes and cathodes are perforated and lie transversely of a conduit through which an ion containing and conducting medium is pumped. This device is especially useful in the electrolytic recovery of metal values from acid leach solutions from low grade ores, e.g., copper, and for the carrying out of electrochemical reactions such as the production of sodium hypochlorite or sodium chlorate from NaCl.

Abstract: Coal particles are made resistant to spontaneous combustion by coating them with silicon dioxide by a vapor deposition process in which the particles in a coating chamber are contacted at a temperature that promotes the deposition on the particles of the reaction products between silicon tetrachloride vapor and water, the coating step followed by elevating the chamber temperature to drive off water vapor and hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: There is provided an improved static mixing apparatus which comprises in combination a tubular body and a static mixing element preferably coextensive in length with the tubular body and disposed therein in fluid flow intercepting relation. The static mixing element is characterized by a plurality of alternately oppositely extending first triangular elements from a common center line whereby the laterally extending first triangular elements are in axially staggered relation, and a plurality of second triangular members each having one apex on the common center line and each having a side in common with a first triangular element, and each of the second triangular elements lying in a plane angularly related to the first triangular element with which it has a side in common.The second triangular elements lie in sectors about the common center line.

Abstract: A process for improving coal wherein the raw coal is reacted with substantially undecomposed iron carbonyl which alters the apparent magnetic susceptibility of certain impurity components contained in the raw coal thereby permitting their removal by low intensity magnetic separators. The process is especially effective for removing pyrite from coal, while at the same time reducing ash and increasing the calorific value.