Abstract: An infrared detector has two infrared detector elements contained in a housing, the housing having a window which is transmissive for infrared radiation, and further electrical components interconnected with the detector elements are also contained in the housing. The housing is formed of a shaped plastic part in which a shaped sheet metal element and the electrical components are embedded. The shaped sheet metal component electrically connects the electrical components, and is provided with outward projections serving as the exterior terminal pins. The shaped sheet metal component has angled regions which are bent to surround at least a portion of the electrical components for shielding thereof.

Abstract: An infrared detector includes process and circuitry for detecting the direction of movement of a radiation source with a predetermined resolution. Four radiation-sensitive elements defining a square are provided in the detector, each connected to an evaluation circuit which compares the output signals from the elements. A normalized pulse is generated upon the occurrence of the maximum of the output signal from each of the elements. The direction of movement of the radiation source is identified from the chronological sequence and spacing of the normalized pulses.

Abstract: A circuit for an infrared detector includes a field effect transistor and a gate resistor connected thereto. A current-limiting component, preferably an ohmic resistor, is connected in series with the detector element between the gate of the field effect transistor and ground, to limit the current across the pn junction of the field effect transistor.

Abstract: A flashbulb wherein short radii curvatures are allowed for a curved plasma channel without overloading the walls, so that a high luminance is obtained. The discharge space (9) between two electrodes (4, 5) is annularly formed. The outside wall (1) forms a closed hollow cylinder of glass. The outside wall (1) forms a closed hollow cylinder of glass. The inside walls (7, 8) are composed of white ceramic material which is hermetically fused to the glass.

Abstract: An x-ray scanner for detecting plastic articles has an x-ray source which generates a fan-shaped x-ray beam through which an article to be examined is moved. A primary radiation detector array is disposed at a side of the article opposite to the x-ray source and functions to provide a normal x-ray image identifying metal articles. Additional detectors, which detect scatter radiation are disposed around the examination space at a distance from the primary radiation detector. The scatter radiation detectors detect scattered radiation characteristic of that produced by plastic articles. Signals from the scatter radiation detectors are processed, by which the presence of a plastic article can be identified.

Abstract: An article inspection system has separate detectors for primary radiation and scattered radiation which are generated by an article upon being irradiated with X-radiation. The scattered radiation detector is disposed so that no primary radiation is incident thereon. The primary radiation detector is scanned at a frequency to produce a primary radiation image. The scattered radiation incoming to the scattered radiation detector is modulated at a frequency synchronized with the scanning frequency for the primary radiation detector, so that only scattered radiation is incident on the scattered radiation detector which emanates from the region of the article which is currently being scanned for primary radiation.

Abstract: A device for triggering a thyristor uses light pulses or flashes for achieving a galvanic separation between the triggering circuitry and the load circuit. The light pulses are generated by a flashlamp disposed in a housing in which a number of channels extend radially, each channel having a light conductor therein. The light conductors lead to respective individual thyristors which are to be triggered.

Abstract: A cathode is formed such that a blackening of the inside wall of the discharge tube due to evaporated material does not occur and good heat transmission occurs. A base member (5) is provided to which a green sintered member (7) is pressed on said base member under high pressure and is then sintered which reduces its size. Soldering or welding is thus accordingly avoided. The volume of the sintered member (7) is significantly smaller than the volume of the base member (5).

Abstract: An x-ray scanner for inspecting articles moving therethrough, such as on a conveyor, has a frame on which an x-ray source, a collimator for the x-ray beam, and a radiation detector are mounted. The frame resists flexural and torsional stresses so as to maintain the relative positions of the x-ray source, the collimator, and the radiation receiver in the presence of such stresses. The scanner is mounted in a rack in which the frame is seated by a resilient support. The conveyor which is used to move articles through the x-ray beam between the x-ray source and the radiation receiver is supported by the rack, so that mechanical stresses to the conveyor, such as the placement of heavy articles thereon, are not conveyed to the frame, and therefore do not disturb the alignment of the components mounted on the frame, due to the intervention of the resilient support.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a improved gas discharge lamp particularly for use as flash bulbs or lamps, wherein two tungsten electrodes are fused into a glass tube. In order for the lead to be soldered to an outer end of each of the tungsten electrodes with a soft solder, the outer ends of the electrodes are provided with a coating of a refractory solder, such as a hard solder or brazing compound. The coating, which has a melting point approximately at the point of fusion for the glass tube, can be applied during the step of fusing the electrodes into the glass tube.

Abstract: An X-ray device for scanning objects moving on a conveyor path and for processing the detector signals acquired by the scan has a comparator for identifying faulty signals, the comparator being in a control chain for an image storage memory such that, in the event of a faulty detector signal, the contents of a memory row preceding the faulty detector signal are transferred into the memory row into which the faulty detector signal, if a correct signal, would have been stored. The system also includes a correction element for generating a reference signal at 100% radiation intensity in which the mean value of a number of measured signals is formed. The system also includes an element for reducing the amplitude of the useful signal during measurement in comparison to the amplitude allocated to a radiation intensity of 100%.

Abstract: A baggage inspection system has a conveyor path disposed between an X-ray source, which genertes an X-ray beam, and a radiation detector for detecting radiation passing through articles on the conveyor path. The conveyor path is formed by two surfaces disposed at a right angle relative to each other, with the right angle being inclined relative to the horizontal so that articles on the conveyor path are forced by gravity to lie against one of the surfaces. At least one of the surfaces is a moveable surface, and the other surface may also be a moveable surface, or a roller surface or a plate against which the articles slide. The radiation detector may be an angled detector row so as to encompass substantially all of the radiation beam within its field of view.

Abstract: An image sensor module for reading optical information on an original and converting the information into electrical signals, has a row of opto-electrical sensors, each sensor having associated processing circuitry integrated therewith in the module. The drive module functions as the substrate for the sensors as well, which are separated from the substrate by an insulator layer, having openings therein for making electrical connection between the substrate and the sensor.

Abstract: A baggage inspection system has a conveying path for moving articles to be inspected through an x-ray beam. The conveyor path is disposed between an x-ray source for generating the beam and a radiation detector. The radiation detector consists of a number of individual detectors, with the number of individual detectors per unit length being greater in a first region of the detector than in a second region thereof. The first region is disposed at the level of the conveying path for optimally displaying smaller articles transported by the conveyor path, while the second region is suited for display of larger articles.

Abstract: An infrared detector has at least one infrared-sensitive detector element and at least one infrared source disposed in a common housing with the detector, with the infrared radiation from the source being directed onto the detector element. A pulse generator is connected to the infrared source for pulsing the infrared radiation therefrom. A recognition circuit is connected to the detector element for identifying the pulse sequence of the detector output so as to continuously check the functioning of the detector. A number of such detector elements can be arranged in the housing, with each detector element having a respective infrared source associated therewith. The infrared source may be a heated wire, a chip resistor, or a light emitting diode.

Abstract: An x-ray scanner generates a fan-shaped x-ray beam through which an object to be inspected is moved and a detector line which generates signals corresponding to the radiation attenuated by the object. The processing electronics includes a comparator for recognizing faulty detector signals by means of which the roll-in of data ito the image memory is controllable such that, given a faulty detector signal, the transfer of the information into a memory line allocated to the detector is inhibited. The x-ray scanner also includes an allocator unit which omits predetermined detector channels for the purpose of geometric balancing. Given outage of a detector, its detector channel is omitted by the allocator unit, based on a signal from the comparator, instead of a prescribed detector channel.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an infrared motion alarm characterized by an infrared detector and an optical arrangement before the detector in the radiation direction for focussing the infrared radiation onto the detector. The optical arrangement is formed by a mirror arrangement and by a lens arrangement with the mirrors being on different levels so the different beam paths are being detected to prevent an intruder from crawling under the infrared detection beam paths.

Abstract: An X-ray scanner for examining objects moved through an X-ray beam on a conveyor has a detector array disposed at the opposite side of the conveyor from the X-ray source and a pulse generator connected to the motor which drives the conveyor for generating a pulse trail dependent on the speed of the motor, and hence on the speed of the conveyor. The pulse generator is connected to a scanner for the detector array and controls the scan rate dependent upon the conveyor speed. The conveyor speed is controlled such that the quotient of the scan rate and the conveying speed is maintained constant in order to hold the imaging scale constant.

Abstract: An apparatus for transradiating an object moving on a conveyor path has a radiation generator for generating at least one fan-shaped radiation beam directed at the object and disposed substantially perpendicularly to the conveyor path, a number of line-shaped radiation detectors disposed for receiving radiation after passing through respective portions of the object with radiation passing through one portion of the object being received by one of the detectors, and all of the detectors in combination receiving all of the radiation passing through the object, and an evaluation unit connected to the detectors for evaluating signals therefrom to form an image of the object.

Abstract: A wall-stabilized infared flash tube has a glass bulb with a flash chamber therein with a cathode lead having an electrode member welded thereto inserted in the flash chamber, the flash chamber, the lead, and the electrode member having dimensions selected for minimizing the influences of white light on the output of the flash tube, so as to enhance the spectrum of the infared output. The flash chamber preferably has a length no longer than 20 mm, and an interior diameter in the range of approximately 0.6 mm to approximately 1.3 mm. A method for manufacturing such a flash tube includes the steps of welding the electrode member to the lead at one location, inserting the lead and electrode combination into a flash chamber of a glass bulb having suitable dimensions, and fusing the lead vacuum-tight to the glass bulb.