Abstract: This invention relates to an electrical measuring probe for determining the electrical conductivity of a liquid comprising a measuring zone extending longitudinally through the probe, through which the liquid to be measured flows and to which an electrical current is applied between electrodes, the electrodes having electrical leads remote from the liquid to be measured and those parts of the electrodes remote from the liquid to be measured forming a mechanically stabilizing and electrically conductive insertion or conductor frame of an electrically insulating sleeve which determines the shape of the probe. The insertion frame contains individual conductors in the sleeve distributed axially symmetrically in relation to the longitudinal axis of the probe, and the sleeve is made by injection-molding and consists of a chemically stable thermoplastic.

Abstract: 4-Dimethylamino-1-hydroxybutane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and water-soluble salts thereof, methods for their preparation, and uses thereof as complexing agents.

Abstract: A method of making a cottonwool tampon incorporating a recovery cord in which a length of cottonwool strip is wrapped in a fluff-free covering material without any accumulations of material or seams being necessary or being formed at the front end. According to the invention, a curtain of covering material is draped into the feed path of the length of cottonwool strip in such a way that, as the cottonwool strip advances, the covering material is folded around its leading edge and is applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the length of the cottonwool strip.

Abstract: The process of scenting, comprising the steps of treating the material to be scented with an application of scenting-effective amount of a scenting agent, the improvement consisting of using a salicylic acid ester having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a member having from 5 to 9 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylcycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylcycloalkenyl, and n is an integer from 0 to 3, as said scenting agent; more particularly using cyclohexyl salicylate or cyclopentyl salicylate as said scenting agent; as well as perfumery compositions containing said scenting agents; and salicylic acid ester scenting agents selected from the group consisting of:(a) Cyclopentyl salicylate,(b) 2,2,4-(2,4,4-)trimethylcyclopentyl salicylate in the form of an isomer mixture,(c) 4-isopropylcyclohexyl salicylate,(d) cyclohexylmethyl salicylate,(e) cycloheptyl salicylate(f) cyclooctyl salicylate, and(g) cyclooct-4-enyl salicylate.

Abstract: Polyurethane prepolymers in which polyhydric alcohols are initially reacted with the faster reacting isocyanate group of an asymmetrical diisocyanate with the slowly reacting group remaining intact, after which the reaction products are combined with a symmetrical diisocyanate of which the equally reactive isocyanate groups again react more quickly than the slowly reacting groups of the first polyfunctional isocyanate compound. The products obtained by this process are distinguished by a low residual monomer content.

Abstract: Low-viscosity acrylate hydrosols based on (meth)-acrylic acid esters and other monomers, such as styrene, methyl styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and/or vinyl chloride, which are produced in the presence of a special mixed emulsifier of an alkyl phenol ether sulfate and an .alpha.-sulfocarboxylic acid and/or an ester thereof with a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 -alcohol.

Abstract: A condensate of fatty acid and hydroxyalkyl polyamine is used as an opacifier and thickener in liquid washing preparations free from anionic surfactants and containing fabric-softening quaternary ammonium compounds and at least 10% by weight of nonionic surfactants. The use of this condensate provides for excellent viscosity/temperature behavior during the storage and handling of the liquid washing preparations over a wide temperature range.

Abstract: Troublesome foaming in the fermentation of yeast is suppressed by the addition of polyglycol ethers which are derived from saturated and monounsaturated C.sub.16 -C.sub.18 fatty alcohols and which contain on an average of from 1 to 4 ethylene and/or propylene glycol ether groups. Preferred defoamers contain oleyl and cetyl alcohol residues in a ratio of from 3:1 to 1:1, and on average 2 ethylene glycol ether groups. The defoamers do not inhibit yeast growth or lead to premature softening and liquefaction of the compressed yeast.

Abstract: An unsaturated polyester, preferably having a stellate molecular structure, with a polyol center and monohydric alcohol connected to the polyol hydroxy moieties through a di- or tri- carboxylic acid link, as well as a process for its synthesis, and use of the compounds in air-drying lacquer binders.

Abstract: Hair coloring preparations containing substantive hair dyes corresponding to the following general formula ##STR1## in which A is an SO.sub.3 H group or a COOH group, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or other substituents, show high fastness properties and favorable toxicological properties. The substantive hair dyes are preferably present in the hair coloring preparations in a quantity of from 0.01 to 5.0% by weight, optionally in conjunction with known oxidation hair dye precursors.

Abstract: An aqueous alkaline paint stripper composition which forms a foam when dispersed from an aerosol container comprising:A. from 47 to 94% by weight of an aqueous solution containing from about 5 to about 40% by weight of at least one strongly alkaline substance,B. from 1 to 8% by weight of at least one surfactant,C. from 5 to 30% by weight of at least one propellant,D. from 0 to 5% by weight of at least one foam stabilizer and/or thickener, andE. from 0 to 10% by weight of at least one water-miscible organic solvent,and a method of stripping paint using the above paint stripper composition.

Abstract: In the aerobic culture of microorganisms of the Xanthomonas genus in fermentation media, the use of water-in-oil emulsions in the media minimizes viscosity problems and enhances yields of Xanthomonas biopolymers. Preferably, the emulsion is formed with a surfactant and the microorganism is Xanthomonas campestris.

Abstract: A basket for toilet bowl cleaning blocks consisting of a container designed to be arranged in the toilet bowl beneath its rim and attached to a fastening clip may be made in a closed, automatically fillable and child-proof design providing the container consists of two baskets held together solely by peripheral rings and each basket consists of several holding ribs integrally formed with the associated peripheral ring and extending substantially axially away from the peripheral ring and comprises an insertion funnel for the block of active material at its end face remote from the peripheral ring, this funnel being defined by the free ends of the holding ribs.

Abstract: A tilting dispenser for the measured release of a free-flowing solid. The dispenser comprises an enclosed chamber housing including an inlet opening, discharge outlet and a baffle located between the opening and the outlet. The baffle restricts the flow of the solid material when the dispenser is tilted in certain positions. Also, a coupling is provided for attachment to the outlet opening of the particular storage container to which it is to be fitted.

Abstract: Sebosuppressive cosmetic preparations containing benzyl alcohol derivatives which are substituted on the benzene ring by alkyl, aryl, alkyloxymethyl radicals or by a fused aromatic ring, and methods for their use.

Abstract: Methyl pentanoic acid esters corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an olefinically unsaturated, straight-chain or branched-chain or carbocyclic hydrocarbon group, a phenyl or alkyl substituted phenyl group, a phenyl substituted alkyl group, or a phenyl substituted alkenyl group, wherein R contains from 3 to 9 carbon atoms, are valuable perfumes having strong, generally vegetably odor notes and outstanding persistence. They are produced by esterifying 2-methyl pentanoic acid with an unsaturated or carbocyclic alcohol or phenol containing radicals R corresponding to the general formula.The compounds can be effectively combined with other perfumes and standard perfume ingredients to form new compositions. The methyl pentanoic acid ester content thereof generally amounts to between about 1 and about 50% by weight.

Abstract: New oil components for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications consist of reaction products of epoxidized triglyceride oils with monohydric alcohols containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The oil components are produced by reacting an epoxidized triglyceride oil containing from about 4 to about 8% by weight of epoxide oxygen, preferably an epoxidized soya bean oil containing from about 6 to about 7% by weight of epoxide oxygen, in the presence of an acidic catalyst with a monohydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alcohol, preferably methanol, in excess at the boiling temperature of the alcohol until the oxirane rings have been completely opened, followed by neutralizing the catalyst and distilling off the excess alcohol. The new oil components are eminently suitable, inter alia, for the production of cosmetic stick preparations.

Abstract: Liquid, solvent-free, aqueous compositions for the removal of film-forming polymeric protective coatings. The compositions contain a combination of alkanolamines and hydrotropic substances acting as solution promoters. Optionally, pH-regulating acids, thickeners, surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, biocides and/or dyes are added.

Abstract: Ether sulfonates corresponding to the following general formulaR.sup.1 -- O(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.x --R.sup.2 --SO.sub.3 M (I)wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-6 alkyl, n is an integer of 2-4, x is an integer from 0-30, R.sup.2 is a C.sub.6-22 linear alkenylene, hydroxyalkylene or hydroxyalkenylene group, and M is hydrogen or an alkali metal cation, which can be obtained by sulfonation of olefinically unsaturated fatty alkyl lower alkyl ethers or fatty alkyl (polyoxyalkyl) lower alkyl ethers with sulfur trioxide and hydrolysis of the sultones formed, are particularly suitable for use as low-foam wetting agents in aqueous acidic or alkaline commercial-grade treatment preparations.

Abstract: A washing additive consisting of a bag, filled with a detergent composition, of a polyvinyl-alcohol-based film readily soluble in borate-containing aqueous solutions. The detergent composition is a mixture of a nonionic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium compound containing a long-chain radical, which may be completely or partly replaced by a fatty amine ethoxylate or by a .beta.-aminoalkyl propionic acid derivative, an activator for per compound, an antigel agent, and a viscosity regulator, wherein the mixture has a viscosity of from 1000 to 100,000 mPas for a shear gradient of from 5 to 500 s.sup.-1.