Abstract: A method, apparatus, and user interface for providing a roadworks location detection system is disclosed. For example, image data of at least one roadworks sign may be obtained and a location for the roadworks project may be determined based on the obtained image data. One or more road segments may then be identified, and the determined roadworks location associated with the one or more identified road segments to update a map layer of a geographic database and/or perform other actions.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product are provided for encoding audio events as geo-referenced audio events for use in location establishment. Methods may include: receiving first audio data from a first sensor; establishing a baseline frequency profile; identifying, within the first audio data, a first audio event, where the first audio event satisfies at least one predefined criteria relative to the baseline frequency profile; identify a location corresponding to the first audio event; encoding the first audio event in a database to correspond to the location; receiving second audio data from a second sensor; identifying, within the second audio data, a second audio event; correlating the second audio event with the first audio event; and providing the location in response to the second audio data. The at least one criteria may include a statistically significant change in a prominent frequency in the audio data.

Abstract: Methods described herein relate to reducing the computational intensity of vision-based localization. Methods may include: receiving sensor data from a vehicle traveling along a road; identifying one or more features of the environment from the sensor data; classifying the one or more identified features into one or more of a plurality of semantic classifications for the features; identifying map image data based on an identified location of the vehicle; identifying one or more features in the map image data; comparing one or more identified features of a first semantic classification with one or more features of the map image data of the first semantic classification; and registering a localized location of the vehicle within the environment based, at least in part, on the one or more identified features of the first semantic classification corresponding to the one or more features of the map image data of the first semantic classification.

Abstract: An approach is provided for building single-path communication signal map data for road links. The approach involves, for example, using, by one or more processors, map data and/or vehicle sensor data to make a determination that one or more single-path communication signals are detectable on a particular road link or on one or more portions of the particular road link. The approach also involves, based on the determination, generating or storing, by the one or more processors, a road-link map attribute indicating that one or more single-path communication signals are detectable on the particular road link or on the one or more portions. The approach further involves, based at least on the road-link map attribute, providing, by the one or more processors, coverage information indicating that one or more single-path communication signals are detectable on the particular road link or on the one or more portions.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and user interface for providing a vehicle change of direction detection system is disclosed. For example, image data of at least one vehicle may be obtained and a change of direction indicator for the vehicle based on the obtained image data is determined. One or more road segments may then be identified and the determined indicator is associated with the one or more identified road segments to update a map layer of a geographic database and/or perform other actions.

Abstract: An approach is provided for providing probe data accuracy while ensuring privacy. The approach includes receiving probe path consisting of multiple points from a vehicle, wherein each probe point includes a location of the vehicle and a timestamp indicating when the location was determined by a location sensor. The approach further includes determining a vehicle identifier from among a plurality of vehicle identifiers assigned to the vehicle based on the timestamp, wherein the plurality of vehicle identifiers are applicable for assigning at different respective time slots. The approach also involves generating a hashed vehicle identifier by using a hash function on the determined vehicle identifier and the timestamp. The approach also involves reporting the probe point using the hashed vehicle identifier to identify the probe point.

Abstract: An approach is provided for creating an origin-destination matrix from probe trajectory data. The approach includes determining, via an outdoor positioning system, that at least one probe device has entered a point-of-interest (POI). The approach also includes initiating an indoor positioning system to determine indoor location data associated for the at least one probe device while the at least one device is within the POI. The approach further includes processing the indoor location data to generate an origin-destination (OD) matrix. The OD matrix represents an indoor movement of the at least one probe device among a plurality of sub-POIs located within the POI indicated by the indoor location data. The approach further includes providing the OD matrix as an output.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems are provided for detecting overhead obstructions along a path segment. One exemplary method includes receiving three-dimensional data collected by a depth sensing device traveling along a path segment, wherein the three-dimensional data comprises point cloud data positioned above a ground plane of the path segment. The method further includes identifying data points of the point cloud data positioned within a corridor positioned above the ground plane. The method further includes projecting the identified data points onto a plane. The method further includes detecting the overhead obstruction based on a concentration of point cloud data positioned within a plurality of cells of the plane. The method further includes storing the detected overhead obstruction above the path segment within a map database.

Abstract: An approach is provided for progressive training of long-lived, evolving machine learning architectures. The approach involves, for example, determining alternative paths for the evolution of the machine learning model from a first architecture to a second architecture. The approach also involves determining one or more migration step alternatives in the alternative paths. The migration steps, for instance, include architecture options for the evolution of the machine learning model. The approach further involves processing data using the options to determine respective model performance data. The approach further involves selecting a migration step from the one or more migration step alternatives based on the respective model performance data to control a rate of migration steps over a rate of training in the evolution of the machine learning model. The approach further involves initiating a deployment the selected migration step to the machine learning model.

Abstract: An approach is provided for an unknown moving object detection system. The approach, for instance, involves capturing a plurality of unknown object events indicating an unknown object detected by one or more computer vision systems. The approach also involves clustering the plurality of unknown object events into a plurality of clusters based on one or more clustering parameters. The approach further involves selecting at least one cluster of the plurality of clusters based on a selection criterion. The approach further involves determining at least one operating scenario for the one or more computer vision systems based on a combination of the one or more clustering parameters associated with the selected at least one cluster.

Abstract: An approach is provided for removing outliers from road lane marking data (e.g., using two-phase filtering). The approach involves processing spatial data points representing a road lane into clusters, and filtering cluster(s) away from a main cluster from the clusters to generate an initial filtered data point set. The approach also involves calculating a degree of relationship among the data points of the initial filtered set based on a distance metric to generate group node(s) of the initial filtered set. The approach further involves for each group node, determining a probability that a spatial data point belongs in said each group node by comparing the spatial data point to a center of said each group node, and filtering the spatial data point from said each group node based on determining that the probability is less than a threshold to generate a final filtered data point set.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program product are provided for predicting charging efficiency rates for solar-powered vehicles. In one example, the apparatus receives historical data of events in which solar-powered vehicles equipped with solar panels were electrically charged by receiving solar beams at the solar panels. The historical data indicate factors of the events that induced objects forming on the solar panels and obstructing, at least in part, the solar beams. The apparatus uses the historical data to train a machine learning model to output a charging efficiency rate of a target solar-powered vehicle as a function of at least one attribute associated with a location.

Abstract: A method, performed by at least one apparatus, is provided that includes obtaining or determining one or more stability parameters for a specific satellite. The method also includes determining, at least partially based on the one or more stability parameters for the specific satellite, one or more transmission characteristics for transmitting correction data for the specific satellite. A corresponding apparatus and a computer readable storage medium are also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided that is performed by a mobile device at least partially under control of a positioning program. The method includes establishing or initiating establishing a secure communication path to a remote device for receiving one or more signature parameter data sets and receiving said signature parameter data set(s) via said secure communication path. The method also includes estimating a position of said mobile device at least partially based on radio signal parameter(s) obtained by said mobile device. The position data are obtained as a result of said estimating. The method further includes determining a digital signature of said position data at least partially based on at least one of said signature parameter data set(s). The method also includes providing said position data and said signature data to one or more application programs. A corresponding device and computer-readable storage medium are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a processor and memory including computer program code, the memory and computer program code configured to, with the processor, enable the apparatus at least to: generate, in respect of a road intersection, grouped probe data using probe data derived from probed vehicular movements through the road intersection, wherein the grouped probe data is generated by grouping together probe data comprising vehicle trajectories which have respective common heading angles at points of entry to and exit from the road intersection; and provide the grouped probe data for use in lane-level mapping of the road intersection.

Abstract: An approach is provided for speculative navigation routing in incomplete maps. The approach involves, for example, generating an offline navigation route to a destination using offline map data cached at a device. The approach also involves transmitting a routing request to a routing server for an online navigation route to the destination. The approach further involves providing the online navigation route or a portion of the online navigation route based on determining that the online navigation route or the portion of the online navigation is received within a timeout period. The approach further involves providing the offline navigation route or a portion of the offline navigation route generated during the timeout period based on determining that the online navigation route or the portion of the online navigation route is not received before the timeout period ends.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and user interface for providing a connection detection system is disclosed. For example, image data of at least one animate object is obtained, and an indicator of relationship for the animate object is determined based on the obtained image data. One or more road segments is then associated with the determined indicator to update a map layer of a geographic database.

Abstract: An approach is provided for probe trajectory anonymization using based on a negative gap. The approach involves, for example, receiving a probe trajectory generated from at least one sensor of a probe device. The approach also involves processing the probe trajectory to segment the probe trajectory into a first subtrajectory and a second subtrajectory based on a negative gap between the first subtrajectory and the second subtrajectory. The negative gap specifies an amount of overlap between the end of the first subtrajectory and the beginning of the second subtrajectory. The approach further involves assigning a first pseudonym (e.g., a first new probe identifier) to the first subtrajectory, and a second pseudonym (e.g., a second new probe identifier) to the second subtrajectory. The approach then involves providing the first subtrajectory and the second subtrajectory as a trajectory anonymization output.

Abstract: A mobile apparatus receives a route response comprising an encoded route and one or more delay encoding data structures. The delay encoding data structures are probabilistic data structures configured to not provide false negatives. The mobile apparatus determines a decoded route based on the encoded route and a mobile version of a digital map; determines an expected traffic delay for at least one adjacent traversable map element (TME) of the decoded route based on the one or more delay encoding data structures; and performs one or more navigation functions based at least on the expected traffic delay for the at least one adjacent segment of the decoded route. An adjacent TME is a TME of the digital map that intersects the decoded route and is not a TME of the decoded route.

Abstract: In accordance with the disclosed approach, positioning server(s) could receive, from mobile devices, information indicating a plurality of GNSS rescue areas, each respective GNSS rescue area of the plurality of GNSS rescue areas corresponding to a respective geographic area visited by a respective one of the mobile devices in which (i) at least one GNSS-based position estimate is or was unavailable and (ii) the respective mobile device had demand for positioning data of at least a particular quality level. Given this, the server(s) could generate a GNSS rescue map representing radio data for the plurality of GNSS rescue areas. In this way, the server(s) could transmit, to a mobile device, an offline radio map representing a subset of the GNSS rescue map, to provide radio data for at least one of the GNSS rescue areas or portion thereof.