Abstract: A readout circuit in magnetic recording device is disclosed, in which a test data signal for detecting an error in the characteristics of an automatic equalizer is recorded in a predetermined position of each track of a magnetic recording medium. In readout mode, a test data signal for a selected track is read out first, and this signal is compared with a reference signal dependent on the system conditions to determine an error from the reference signal. The optimum equalization coefficient is determined to eliminate this error from the reference signal and is set in the equalizer. The data is readout under the optimum equalization characteristics thus set.

Abstract: In an encryption apparatus, prior to encryption process, information indicating whether plain text blocks are to be encrypted or not is stored in a mask register, and the number of blocks of the plain text block sequence is stored in a count register. In the encryption process, the count register is sequentially decremented, and only the plain text blocks to be encrypted are read from an input buffer in an ascending order of addresses based on the information stored in the mask register. They are encrypted by an encryption circuit and the encrypted text blocks are stored in an output buffer at the corresponding addresses to the input buffer addresses at which the plain text blocks have been stored.

Abstract: A column/beam joint structure, made of steel members, in which a reinforcing member formed into a flat plate or into a strip shape so as to surround the outer periphery of the flange is interposed between a flange having a vertical plane constituting the column and a base plate constituting a connector fixedly fitted to an end of a beam. The flange, the reinforcing member and the connector are integrally joined together via a connecting fastener member.

Abstract: A magneto-resistive type read head has a substrate, a magnetic film exhibiting a magneto-resistive effect arranged in the widthwise direction of the track of a magnetic writing disk, and lead electrodes for feeding an electric current to the track width portion of the magnetic film for reading the signals written in the magnetic writing disk. The magneto-resistive film extends over a width wider than the track width portion and a soft magnetic thin film is formed over the magneto-resistive film on either side of the track width portion to absorb the domain wall so that the magneto-resistive film takes the single domain structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device is provided with polycrystalline silicon filling U-grooves etched in a semiconductor substrate to form isolation regions which prevent any short-circuiting between the polycrystalline silicon and electrodes or wiring formed on the semiconductor substrate. A silicon dioxide film is formed within the U-grooves, and a silicon nitride film and a silicon dioxide film are further formed thereon. The silicon nitride film has a high hardness which suppresses the development of crystal defects in the peripheral active regions due to the expansion of the surface of the polycrystalline silicon when it is oxidized. When the surface of the polycrystalline silicon is oxidized, the oxidation proceeds along the oxide film over the nitride film, so that the whole of the oxide film is formed thickly. Therefore, the silicon nitride film and the silicon dioxide film are provided with an increased margin against the etching used for forming contact holes.

Abstract: An arithmetic operation circuit is provided which includes a logic processing circuit having a first metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect-transistor (MOSFET) column cascade-connecting a plurality of MOSFETs and a second MOSFET column cascade-connecting a plurality of MOSFETs. First and second ends of the second MOSFET column are respectively connected to first and second ends of said first column. A first power supply voltage is coupled to the common connecting point of the first ends of said first and second MOSFET columns. An amplifying circuit, including the grounded emitter type bipolar transistor, is provided such that the base thereof is connected to the common connecting point of the second ends of said first and second MOSFET columns.

Abstract: In order to permit the detection of a respiratory motion and an imaging synchronized with the respiration by an NMR imaging apparatus itself without any special hardware, a sequence for detecting the respiratory motion is repeated for a short time immediately before the measurement of an image signal to detect the position and speed of the respiratory motion, and a desired image signal is measured in synchronism with the detected position. Alternatively, the respiratory motion is detected immediately after the measurement of an image signal, and the measured image signal is corrected in accordance with the detected amount to obtain a desired image signal synchronized with the respiration.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device has its inter--digital transducers made of a 3--metal alloyed material consisting of aluminum, copper and magnesium.

Abstract: A fuel adhesion percentage of an injected fuel to a surrounding portion of an intake valve is determined in accordance with a fluctuation value of an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient and a fluctuation value of a signal of an air-fuel ratio detecting sensor or a signal of an oxygen amount detecting sensor. Each adhesion percentage of the injected fuel is divided and stored in each division area of a characteristic memory map of a control unit. The adhesion percentage of the injected fuel is stored in a memory of the control unit and is determined in accordance with present throttle valve opening degree and present engine coolant temperature by the characteristic memory map. The adhesion percentage of the injected fuel is obtained through a learning control process in the control unit. An air-fuel ratio correction in a transient period is carried out smoothly.

Abstract: A lead frame and an electronic device incorporating the lead frame wherein the lead frame includes a chip support and a plurality of leads arranged around the chip support with each of the plurality of leads having one end disposed proximate to the chip support. The one end of at least one of the plurality of leads includes a first lead portion extending in a direction toward the chip support and a second lead portion contiguous with the first lead portion. The second lead portion extends in a direction away from the chip support so that the one of the lead has a bent shape.

Abstract: A flat air conditioner for railway vehicle for installation on the roof of a vehicle is advantageous from the viewpoint of reducing air resistance to the vehicle and the design of the vehicle. The present invention provides such a vehicular air conditioner incorporating a horizontally longer compressor or compressors disposed with the longitudinal axes in a horizontal plane or disposed in a return air chamber to construct the air conditioner in a flat configuration with a small height and in a compact construction.

Abstract: A robot system in which a force (torque) exerted on an end effector disposed at an end of a robot to hold an object is sensed to achieve a positioning control. The robot system includes a unit to sense an inertial force exerted on the end effector and the sensed result is fed back so as to remove the influence of the inertia force, thereby effecting an accurate positioning control.

Abstract: A waveguide type optical device in which a waveguide layer for propagating light is provided on the front surface of a substrate, and a compensation layer having a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially equal to that of the waveguide layer formed on the front surface is provided on the rear surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for sludge thickening including a sludge thickener allowing suspended solids of sludge supplied thereto to settle by their own weight while being thickened. The sludge supplied to the sludge thickener is subjected to aeration for a predetermined period of time in a sludge aerator. Aeration of the sludge strips the anaerobic gas, which is attached to the suspended solids in the form of bubbles or dissolved in the sludge, to atmosphere. By aeration of the sludge before being fed to the sludge thickener, floating of the thickened sludge in the thickener can be avoided.

Abstract: A single-chip microcomputer comprising a microprocessor which executes information processing in accordance with a predetermined program, and an EPROM which stores the program therein, the EPROM including word line selection means having a plurality of word lines coupled thereto, one of the word lines being brought into a selected state on the basis of a plurality of address signals, and control means for bringing a dummy word line different from the plurality of word lines into a selected state and all of the plurality of word lines into unselected states.

Abstract: In the instrument for determination of the base sequence of the present invention, the ionic strength of a buffer solution in a gel is made lower at a detection part than in a region from the detection part towards a negative electrode. Therefore, at the detection part, the electric field intensity can be increased, resulting in a higher migration speed, and hence the electrophoretic pattern can be extended, so that the distance between two adjacent electrophoretic bands can be elongated.Consequently, according to the present invention, the slit width can be narrowed relatively to the electrophoretic pattern without actually narrowing the slit width, and the resolving power can be enhanced without lowering the detection sensitivity.

Abstract: In a one-chip microcomputer, an EPROM is formed together with a ROM and RAM on one semiconductor substrate. Data such as fixed data necessary in the microcomputer can be changed by the use of the EPROM. In case data are to be written in the EPROM, an EPROM writer is used. This EPROM writer outputs write data to the EPROM and checks (or verifies) the data written in the EPROM immediately thereafter. If any error is detected, the subsequent data write is interrupted. In order to inhibit the unnecessary operation interruption in case the address designated by the EPROM writer comes out of the range of the EPROM, the checking (or verifying) data signal to be fed from the one-chip microcomputer to the EPROM writer is forcibly set at a level which indicates satisfactory operation of the EPROM.

Abstract: A semiconductor device such as a semiconductor laser device or a transistor which is small in both threshold current and leakage current and exhibits no increase with time in the threshold current and leakage current can be obtained by incorporating pnp or npn junctions in a buried layer which coats an active region containing InGaAsP, forming the mid layer of the junctions with InGaAsP, adjusting the conductivity type of the mid layer with an implanted ion and specifying the energy band width of a semiconductor constituting the mid layer.

Abstract: An area on a photoresist film which is formed on a substrate surface having a topography, is exposed a plurality of times in such a manner that the image plane of a mask pattern is formed at a plurality of positions which are spaced apart from a reference plane in the substrate in the direction of an optical axis, and then the photoresist film is developed to form a resist pattern. According to the above method, the effective focal depth of the projection aligner used is enhanced, and moreover the reduction of the image contrast at the photoresist film is made very small by the plural exposure operations. Accordingly, a fine pattern can be formed accurately on the substrate surface having the topography.

Abstract: A device for obtaining an image of a subject including a signal generating device including, for example, an X-ray generator for obtaining a signal representative of the subject, a detecting device for detecting a predetermined phase such as the R-wave of the electrocardiographic waveform of the subject, and an actuating device responsive to the detecting device for actuating the X-ray generator in substantial synchronism with the occurrence of the predetermined phase of the electrocardiographic waveform to thereby obtain the image of the subject.