Abstract: The invention relates to novel .alpha.-fluoroacrylic acid derivatives, to active compound/antidote combinations which comprise .alpha.-fluoroacrylic acid derivatives and are outstandingly suitable for use in crops of useful plants, to their use and to methods for protecting crop plants.

Abstract: A process for the isolation and characterization of a gene enzyme system for the inactivation of the herbicide phenmedipham, wherein the enzyme is a carbamate hydrolase of Arthrobacter oxidans, which is responsible for the cleavage of the carbamate bond between the benzene rings of phenmedipham. This process includes the isolation of the carbamate hydrolase, the identification of the amino acid sequence of two BrCN cleavage peptides of the carbamate hydrolase, the synthesis of oligonucleotides for specific determination of the carbamate hydrolase sequence by hybridization and identification of the coding region, cloning and specifying the nucleotide sequence of the carbamate hydrolase gene from Arthrobacter oxidans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to agents for protecting crop plants from the phytotoxic side effects of herbicides, which agents contain a compound of the formula I ##STR1## wherein Y denotes C--H or N,the symbols R.sub.1 independently of one another denote alkyl, halo-alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy or halogen,R.sub.2 denotes alkyl or cycloalkyl,X denotes COOR.sub.3, CON(R.sub.4).sub.2, COSR.sub.3, CN or ##STR2## R.sub.3 denotes an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, or phenylalkyl, it being possible for phenyl to be substituted by halogen, or trialkylsilylalkyl or alkoxyalkyl,the symbols R.sub.4 independently of one another denote H, alkyl or cycloalkyl, which can be substituted, or 2 radicals R.sub.4 together with the N atom linking them form a 4- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring andn denotes 1 to 3, in combination with a herbicide.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed is a process for the preparation of a carbamate (IV)Ar--O--CO--NR--B (IV)by reaction of a saltM.sup..sym. .crclbar.NR--B (II-S)with a diaryl carbonate(ArO).sub.2 CO (III).The carbamate can be reacted, without any necessity of intermediate isolation, with a sulfonamide A--SO.sub.2 NH.sub.2 (V) to give a sulfonylurea (I) or salts thereofA--SO.sub.2 --NH--CO--NR--B (I).And thus, disclosed and claimed too is a process for the preparation of sulfonylurea (I) by (i) contacting a salt (II-S) with a diaryl carbonate (III) to form a carbamate (IV), and (ii) contacting carbamate (IV) from step (i) with or without intermediate isolation, with a sulfonamide (V). These processes avoid the use of alkali metal hydrides as a base. And, these processes can additionally include the preparation of salt (II-S) from a compound H--NR--B (II) and base M.sup..sym. Base.sup..crclbar..

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which A is CH and D is N.sup.+ R, A is nitrogen and D is N.sup.+ R or A is N.sup.+ R and D is nitrogen, R is --CR.sup.4 R.sup.5 --E--R.sup.6, Q.sup.n- is an inorganic or organic anion, n is 1, 2, 3 or 4 and R.sup.1 -R.sup.6, E, X, Y and Z are each as defined in the description, processes for their preparation and their use as pesticides.

Abstract: Substituted pyridines and pyrimidines, processes for their preparation and their use as pesticides and fungicides.The invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which A is N or CH, R is H, halogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are H, halogen or an aliphatic radical or together form a ring, X is O, NH or S(O).sub.q where q=0, 1 of 2, R.sup.4.sub.q is 0-4 radicals selected from the series consisting of halogen, optionally substituted alkyl or alkoxy, cycloalkyl and optionally substituted phenyl, n=0-2, m=1-3 and Y is optionally substituted methylene or imino.The invention furthermore relates to a process for their preparation and for their use as pesticides, in particular as insecticides, acaricides and fungicides. The compounds are furthermore suitable for controlling nematodes, helminths and molluscs, and for controlling endoparasites and ectoparasites in the field of veterinary medicine.

Abstract: Substituted aminomethylphenylsulfonylureas, their preparation, and their use as herbicides and plant growth regulatorsCompounds of the formula (I) and salts thereof ##STR1## where R.sup.1 to R.sup.7 and A are as defined in claim 1 and, inter alia, F.sup.5 is an acyl radical or NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 together are a heterocyclic radical, are useful as herbicides and plant growth regulators. They can be prepared by the methods of known processes, using novel intermediates of the formula (II), (IV), (VI) or (VII) (cf. claim 5).

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) and their salts as defined in claim 1, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is CO--Q--R.sup.8, where R.sup.8 =H or RR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl,R.sup.4 is H, R, RO, OH, RCO, RSO.sub.2, PhSO.sub.2R.sup.5 is RSO.sub.2, PhSO.sub.2, PhCO, RNHSO.sub.2, R.sub.2 NSO.sub.2, RCO, CHO, COCOR', CW--T--R.sup.9, CW--NR.sup.10 R.sup.11, CW--N(R.sup.12).sub.2 orR.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together are the chain (CH.sub.2).sub.m B or --B.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m1 B-- where B=SO.sub.2, CO; m=3, 4; m.sup.1 =2, 3;T and W=O, S; Q=O, S, NR.sup.13 where R.sup.13 =H, R;R.sup.6 =H, R, RO, RCO, ROCO, Hal, NO.sub.2, CN;R.sup.7 =H, CH.sub.3 ; R.sup.9 =R; R.sup.10, R.sup.11 =H, R; N(R.sup.12).sub.2 =heterocycleA=pyrimidinyl and triazinyl radical or an analog thereof,where R=(substituted) aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, are suitable as selective herbicides. They are prepared by analogous processes via sulfonamides, some of which are new, of the formula (II).

Abstract: Acylated aminophenylsulfonylureas, processes for their preparation and their use as herbicides and plant growth regulators. Compounds of the formula (I) and salts thereof ##STR1## in which W.sup.1, W.sup.2, R, n, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4, X, Y and Z are as defined in claim 1 and R.sup.3 is an acyl radical, are suitable as herbicides and plant growth regulators. The herbicides can be prepared by the process variants from claim 5, the novel intermediate products (II), (IV), (VI) and (VIII)* of claims 9 and 10 being employed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) and salts thereof ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.9, X, Y n and m are as defined in the claim 1 are suitable as herbicides and plant growth regulators.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) and salts thereof ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.6, W, X, Y and Z are defined as in claim 1, have herbicidal or plant growth-regulatory properties.They can be prepared by processes analogous to known processes (cf. claim 5), in some cases via novel intermediate products (cf.

Abstract: There are described novel substituted 3-arylamino-6-trifluoromethyluracils of the formula I, processes for their preparation, and methods of controlling monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants in agricultural and silvicultural crops. ##STR1## In formula I, the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are not only hydrogen, alkyl and haloalkyl, but can also have further meanings, R.sup.5 is alkyl or amino, and X is CH or N.

Abstract: There is disclosed plasmids for the preparation of transgenic plants which are modified through the transfer and the expression of genes localized on the plasmids, that influence the sugar metabolism or the sugar partitioning within a plant. In addition, transgenic plants with modified sugar metabolism or sugar partitioning are described. The genes cause a modified distribution of assimilates in the transgenic plant which result in significant changes in plant habit, such as size, leaf shape, internode separation and root formation, as well as improvements in plant yield. Plasmids and methods are also described which enable foreign proteins to be directed into specific tissues or portions of transgenic plants, including vacuoles, leaves and sink organs.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method for improving the yield of crop plants which are resistant to glutamine synthetase inhibitors by treating the plants with glutamine synthetase inhibitors at application rates which are not harmful to the plants. In particular, the invention relates to a method in which glutamine synthetase inhibitors are employed to increase the yield of plants which are protected against the herbicidal activity of the glutamine synthetase inhibitors by expression of an n-acetyltransferase gene.

Abstract: There is described a process for the preparation of 1-phenylpyrazoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula III by means of base-catalyzed reaction of hydrazones of the formula I with olefins of the formula II ##STR1## where Ph, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, X and Y have the following meanings: Ph is optionally substituted phenyl,R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, cyano, an optionally substituted organic radical, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a saturated or partially saturated ring having 5 or 6 atoms,x is amino, hydroxyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkyloxyalkyloxy, trialkylsilyloxy or trialkylsilylmethyloxy andY is chlorine or bromine.The reaction is carried out in a two-phase system composed of an organic and an aqueous phase using a sterically hindered amine and, if appropriate, a further base.

Abstract: Substituted cycloalkylamino and cycloalkoxy heterocycles, processes for preparing them and their use as pesticides The invention relates to (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.5, A, X, E, U, p and n are as defined in claim 1, to processes for their preparation and their use as pesticides, such as insecticides, acaricides and fungicides.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H, halogen, an aliphatic radical or an aromatic radical, X is O, S or optionally substituted imino, Y is a bond or a bivalent optionally substituted hydrocarbon radical and Z is optionally substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl. The invention furthermore relates to processes for their preparation and their use as pesticides, in particular as insecticides, acaricides and fungicides.

Abstract: New substituted pyrazole derivatives of general formula I are described ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 have the meanings given in the description, processes for their preparation, as well as intermediates, and their use as herbicides.

Abstract: The title compounds are obtained by racemate resolution of D,L-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid via precipitation of one of the diastereomeric salts using chiral bases such as quinine or cinchonine. It is possible to increase the yield of desired enantiomer by transformed racemate resolution when the precipitation of the diastereomeric salt takes place with the racemization of the undesired enantiomer in the presence of (hetero)--aromatic aldehydes. The racemization method is also suitable for structurally different optically active amino acids.

Abstract: DNA sequences and plasmids are described, that by integration in a plant genome of sugar beet change the sucrose concentration. In addition, transgenic plants that, by introduction of the DNA sequences of the invention, have altered sugar concentrations, are described.