Abstract: Provided is a technology capable of generating and presenting more kinds of special light images with higher image quality. An endoscope system according to the present disclosure performs image processing using a G1 image data (image data obtained by irradiating light of 524±3 nm to 582±3 nm) and at least one of R1 image (image data obtained by irradiating light of 630±3 nm to 700±3 nm) data other than the G1 image data, B1 image data (452±3 nm to 502±3 nm), R2 image data (image data obtained by irradiating light of 582±3 nm to 630±3 nm), G2 image data (image data obtained by irradiating light of 502±3 nm to 524±3 nm), and B2 image data (image data obtained by irradiating light of 420±3 nm to 452±3 nm) so as to generate a special light image (FIG. 7).

Abstract: Provided is a reflective mask blank that makes it possible to form a transfer pattern having a fine pattern shape on a transferred substrate and that is used for manufacturing a reflective mask having a transfer pattern capable of performing EUV exposure with a high throughput. A reflective mask blank comprises: a substrate; a multilayer reflective film on the substrate; and an absorber film on the multilayer reflective film. The absorber film comprises iridium (Ir) and an additive element. The additive element is at least one selected from boron (B), silicon (Si), phosphorus (P), titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), ruthenium (Ru), and tantalum (Ta). The content of the iridium (Ir) in the absorber film is more than 50 atom %.

Abstract: Provided are a reflective mask blank, having a phase shift film having little dependence of phase difference and reflectance on film thickness, and a reflective mask. The reflective mask blank is characterized in that the phase shift film is composed of a material comprised of an alloy having two or more types of metal so that reflectance of the surface of the phase shift film is more than 3% to not more than 20% and so as to have a phase difference of 170 degrees to 190 degrees, and when a group of metal elements that satisfies the refractive index n and the extinction coefficient k of k>?*n+? is defined as Group A and a group of metal elements that satisfies the refractive index n and the extinction coefficient k of k<?*n+? is defined as Group B, the alloy is such that the composition ratio is adjusted so that the amount of change in the phase difference is within the range of ±2 degrees and the amount of change in reflectance is within the range of ±0.

Abstract: An information content of a section of a current image of a series of images of a video signal is calculated, wherein the video signal has to be fed to an algorithm for calculating and indicating detections of objects in the video signal. If the calculated information content of the section of the current image is smaller than a threshold value, the calculation and indication of detections of objects for the section of at least the current image or the current image and further images of the series of images is suppressed.

Abstract: An endoscope includes a light emitting module incorporated in a distal end portion of an insertion tube, the light emitting module includes a mounting substrate on which a plurality of light emitting elements is mounted, the mounting substrate has an annular shape in which a hole through which an image sensor using the light emitting elements as a light source is to be inserted is provided in a central portion and includes a first surface on which the light emitting elements are surface-mounted and a side surface located at a peripheral edge of the first surface, a conductive portion electrically connected to the light emitting elements is provided on the side surface, and a power supply line for supplying power to the light emitting element is connected to the conductive portion.

Abstract: A peroxide-resistant endoscope comprises an interface portion; a control portion coupled to the interface portion; and an insertion portion coupled to the control portion. The insertion portion comprises a bending portion; an insertion tube extending from a distal end of the control portion to a proximal end of the bending portion; a bending portion coupled to a distal end of the insertion tube; and a distal tip at a distal end of the bending portion. The peroxide-resistant endoscope also comprises a light carrying bundle (LCB) that extends from the interface portion to the distal tip. An outer casing of the bending portion consists essentially of fluorocarbon rubber, the LCB is lubricated by a first lubricant that comprises at least one solid lubricant and does not contain more than ten percent by weight of molybdenum disulfide, and an outer casing of the insertion tube is bonded to the outer casing of the bending portion by an epoxy adhesive.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ring-shaped glass spacer to be arranged in contact with a magnetic disk in a hard disk drive device includes processing for forming a film on the surface of a glass spacer main body, which is the base of the glass spacer. In the processing, the film is formed by passing the glass spacer main body through a location where the components of the film are in a spray state while an outer circumferential edge surface of the glass spacer main body is being rotated in a circumferential direction thereof.

Abstract: An endoscope processor according to one aspect includes an image acquisition unit that acquires a captured image from an endoscope, a first correction unit that corrects the captured image acquired by the image acquisition unit, a second correction unit that corrects the captured image acquired by the image acquisition unit, and an output unit that outputs an endoscopic image based on the captured image corrected by the first correction unit and a recognition result using a trained image recognition model in which the recognition result is output in a case where the captured image corrected by the second correction unit is input.

Abstract: An endoscope includes a main body portion that has a housing recession portion that houses an elevator, a drive member arrangement space that houses a drive member and is closed off from the housing recession portion, a lid insertion space that puts the drive member arrangement space and an outer space into communication, and a lid member that can be inserted into the lid insertion space and liquid-tightly closes off the lid insertion space when inserted. Also provided is a fitting/holding member that is fitted to the lid member inserted into the lid insertion space and is fixed to the main body portion, wherein the lid member has a protruding portion, and the fitting/holding member can be inserted into the drive member arrangement space in a direction that is different from a protruding direction of the protruding portion of the lid member.

Abstract: A channel for an endoscope comprises a tube made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having at least one additive. The at least one additive includes a carrier that contains silver ions and is incorporated within a wall of the tube, and a content of silver ions in the tube is at least 0.0005% by weight of the tube.

Abstract: Provided are a substrate with a multilayer reflective film comprising a protective film having high resistance to a fluorine-based etching gas used in an absorber pattern repair step without reducing a reflectance of the multilayer reflective film, a reflective mask blank, and a reflective mask. A substrate with a multilayer reflective film 100 comprises a substrate 10, a multilayer reflective film 12 disposed on the substrate 10, and a protective film 14 disposed on the multilayer reflective film 12. The protective film 14 comprises a first metal and a second metal. Standard free energy of formation of a fluoride of the first metal is higher than standard free energy of formation of RuF5. The second metal has an extinction coefficient of 0.03 or less at a wavelength of 13.5 nm.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a reflective mask blank includes: forming a multilayer reflective film, which is configured to reflect EUV light, on a substrate to form a substrate with a multilayer reflective film; subjecting the substrate with a multilayer reflective film to defect inspection; forming an absorber film, which is configured to absorb the EUV light, on the multilayer reflective film of the substrate with a multilayer reflective film; forming a reflective mask blank, in which an alignment region is formed in an outer peripheral edge region of a pattern formation region by removing the absorber film so that the multilayer reflective film of an area including an element serving as a reference of defect information on the multilayer reflective film is exposed in the alignment region; and performing defect management of the reflective mask blank through use of the alignment region.

Abstract: Provided are an endoscope system, a processor, a diagnostic support method, and a computer program. A plurality of images are captured at different focal positions on an object, an evaluation value indicating a degree of focus is calculated for each of corresponding sub-regions among the plurality of captured images, a captured image including a sub-region having the highest degree of focus is determined among the plurality of captured images based on the calculated evaluation value, a distance to a region on the object corresponding to the sub-region is calculated, distance information is generated by calculating a distance to a plurality of regions on the object corresponding to the sub-region, a feature region is extracted from the captured image, diagnostic support information for the object is generated based on the distance information and a feature parameter associated with the feature region, and the generated diagnostic support information is output.

Abstract: A sheet-like spacer to be used when a laminate of a plurality of substrates is formed for the purpose of processing end faces of the substrates is provided between the adjacent substrates in the laminate to keep the adjacent substrates apart from each other. An area of the spacer is smaller than that of the substrates. A contact angle of a surface of the spacer with respect to pure water is 50° or less.

Abstract: It is provided an illumination apparatus, comprising a beam combiner comprising two dichroic reflective surfaces and configured to combine a first light from a first light source, a second light from a second light source, and a third light from a third light source into combined light; a combination of the second light passing through the combiner and the third light passing through the combiner is closer to the white point than each of the second light and the first light passing through the combining portion; or the third light passing through the combiner is closer to the white point than each of the second light and the first light passing through the combining portion.

Abstract: Provided is a mask blank. A mask blank comprising a phase shift film on a transparent substrate, the phase shift film having a structure in which a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer are layered in this order on the transparent substrate, the first layer and the third layer including hafnium and oxygen, and the second layer including silicon and oxygen, wherein when thicknesses of the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are represented by D1, D2, and D3, respectively, all relationships of (Expression 1-A) to (Expression 1-D) are satisfied, or all relationships of (Expression 2-A) to (Expression 2-D) are satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polarizing glass with better heat resistance than a conventional polarizing glass and an optical isolator including the polarizing glass. In the polarizing glass, metal layers in which many substantially needle-shaped metal fine particles are dispersed to be oriented parallel to one another are formed from both surfaces toward inside and a metal halide layer containing metal halide fine particles is formed between the metal layers. A total thickness of the polarizing glass is smaller than 0.12 mm, a thickness of each of the metal layers is 0.030 to 0.045 mm, and a thickness of the metal halide layer is 0.001 to 0.040 mm. Alternatively, the total thickness of the polarizing glass is smaller than 0.12 mm, the thickness of each of the metal layers is 0.010 to 0.030 mm, and the thickness of the metal halide layer is 0.001 to 0.060 mm.

Abstract: Provided is an intraocular lens including a lens body having a back surface disposed on a retinal side and a front surface disposed on a corneal side, wherein an entire back surface is shaped in such a way as to protrude from a peripheral edge of the back surface toward the retinal side in a direction of an optical axis, in a shape of a truncated cone, and the front surface has any of the following shapes (i) to (iii); (i) the front surface is shaped in such a way as to start to be recessed toward the retinal side in the direction of the optical axis when viewed toward a center from a peripheral edge of the front surface, (ii) the front surface is shaped in such a way that an initial part from the peripheral edge of the front surface toward the center is flat, (iii) the front surface is shaped in such a way as to start to protrude toward the corneal side in the direction of the optical axis when viewed toward the center from the peripheral edge of the front surface, but a rate of rise of a protrusion from

Abstract: An endoscope includes a flexible insertion tube and a bending portion controllable from a proximal side and being distally connected to the insertion tube. The bending portion includes a sleeve in which at least one pull rope runs for a pivoting movement of the bending portion, wherein the at least one pull rope is anchored to the distal end of the bending portion. A separating element dividing the cross-section of the sleeve into at least two separate chambers is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve. In one of the at least two chambers separated by the separating element, a pull rope of the at least one pull rope is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve for pivoting movement of the bending portion.

Abstract: A near-infrared cut filter is provided which has extremely low incident angle dependence and excellent oblique incidence characteristics. The near-infrared cut filter comprises a transparent substrate having a thickness of 0.16 to 0.26 mm and an average transmittance in a wavelength range of 800 to 1100 nm of 1% or less, and a resin layer formed at least one main surface of the transparent substrate and configured to absorb light of a specific wavelength.