Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for bandwidth allocation using machine learning. In some implementations, a request for bandwidth in a communications system is received. Data indicative of a measure of bandwidth requested and a status of the communication system are provided as input to a machine learning model. One or more outputs from the machine learning model indicate an amount of bandwidth to allocate to the terminal, and bandwidth is allocated to the terminal based on the one or more outputs from the machine learning model.

Abstract: A method and system for determining inroute frame timing for a Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) includes receiving an appointment to transmit, on an inroute, at a start of a slot X of a frame number M; establishing, at a VSAT, an arrival time of a super frame numbering packet (SFNP) including a satellite ephemeris vector and a frame number N; calculating, at the VSAT, a timing offset (TRO) to be applied to the arrival time to compensate for a time varying gateway-satellite-terminal propagation delay (THS+TSR); setting a transmit instant as an end of the TRO after the arrival time; adding to the transmit instant a duration of X slots and a duration of (M?N) frames; and transmitting a burst, on the inroute from the VSAT, at the transmit instant. In the method, the calculating is based on computing THS+TSR from the satellite ephemeris vector, a gateway transmits the SFNP and receives the burst in the slot X within the frame number M of the inroute, and N is greater than or equal to M.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for training and using machine learning models to classify network traffic as IoT traffic or non-IoT traffic and managing the traffic based on the classification. In some implementations, machine learning parameters of a local machine learning model trained by the edge device is received each of at least a subset of a set of edge devices. The machine learning parameters received from an edge device are parameters of the local machine learning model trained by the edge device based on local network traffic processed by the edge device and to classify the network traffic as Internet of Things (IoT) traffic or non-IoT traffic. A global machine learning model is generated, using the machine learning parameters, to classify network traffic processed by edge devices as IoT traffic or non-IoT traffic.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for providing single-hop communication sessions in a satellite network. A timing offset is selected based on a system timing reference, and used to establishing a common timing reference. A synchronization signal is transmitted from a gateway to a satellite based on time slots aligned with the common timing reference, and subsequently forwarded from the satellite to all terminals managed by the gateway. Communication sessions are initiated by terminals using the common timing reference, and downlink transmissions from the satellite to the terminals are aligned with the synchronization signal.

Abstract: A user terminal (UT) for a mobile satellite communications system, and an associated method for managing tracking areas for such a UT is provided. When initiating establishment of a radio connection, the UT transmits a connection request message to a satellite gateway (SGW) of the mobile satellite communications system, where the connection request message includes position information identifying a current location of the UT. The UT processes a connection setup message received in response to the connection request message, where the connection setup message includes a first tracking area identifier (TAID) that identifies a one of a plurality of tracking areas that is associated with the current location of the UT. The UT transmits a connection complete message to the SGW, together with an attach request message for a core network of the mobile satellite communications system, which includes the first TAID.

Abstract: A hybrid scanning antenna including: a reflector having a focal line; a first mechanical movement to move the reflector about a first axis; a second mechanical movement to move the reflector about a second axis; a linear array fixedly disposed along the focal line to electronically scan at a scan angle about a third axis; and a controller to control the first mechanical movement, the second mechanical movement and the scan angle of the linear array to orient the hybrid scanning antenna to a look angle of a remote transceiver.

Abstract: A system and method for providing multi-input multi-output (MIMO) feeder links for a multibeam satellite system. The method includes configuring a X×Y MIMO antenna system using X-antennae having dominant line-of-sight (LoS) of Y-antennae; transmitting, simultaneously, a Tx signal as X Tx signals on a MIMO channel with the X-antennae; receiving the X Tx signals on the MIMO channel with the Y-antennae as Y Rx signals, wherein each of the Y-antennae generate one of the Y Rx signals; and ground-interference processing the X Tx signals or the Y Rx signals to recover the Tx signal; satellite-interference processing the X Tx signals or the Y Rx signals to recover the Tx signal. In the method, the ground interference processing includes countermeasures as either pre-interference processing when the X-antennae are disposed on a ground or post-interference processing when the X-antennae are disposed in a Geosynchronous orbit satellite.

Abstract: An AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array), including: a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) substrate having an obverse surface; TRMs (Transmit/Receive Modules) disposed on the obverse surface; thermal pedestals wherein each thermal pedestal includes a wall, having a wall height, including wall surfaces and one of the wall surfaces being a contact surface; and a TIM (Thermal Interface Material), having a TIM height, disposed between a respective contact surface of the thermal pedestals and the obverse surface. The thermal pedestals are discrete with respect to one another, the contact surfaces of the thermal pedestals are interspersed about the TRMs, the thermal pedestals do not contact the TRMs, the TIM is electrically and thermally conductive, and the wall height plus the TIM height is sufficient to suppress resonances of the TRMs below a frequency greater than the Tx and Rx frequency bands of the TRMs.

Abstract: An AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array), including: a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) substrate having an obverse surface; TRMs (Transmit/Receive Modules) disposed on the obverse surface; thermal pedestals wherein each thermal pedestal includes a wall, having a wall height, including wall surfaces and one of the wall surfaces being a contact surface; and a TIM (Thermal Interface Material), having a TIM height, disposed between a respective contact surface of the thermal pedestals and the obverse surface. A plurality of the thermal pedestals are physically interconnected, the TIM is electrically and thermally conductive, and the wall height plus the TIM height is sufficient to suppress resonances of the TRMs below a frequency greater than a Tx and Rx frequency band of the TRMs.

Abstract: A system and method for selecting a beam from satellite beams to communicate with a terminal at a location. The method includes dividing a satellite coverage area into beam service areas (BSAs) for a satellite network, where each of the BSAs is associated with a respective beam information; selecting, with a computer, a select BSA from the BSAs based on the location; and communicating between the terminal and a gateway using a beam. In the method, the location is located in the select BSA, the beam is identified by the respective beam information associated with the select BSA, and the BSAs define a boundary having a closed polygon shape.

Abstract: A system and method for providing terminals with permitted power spectral density (PSD) limits for regions of a coverage area including: dividing a coverage area into regions, each region having a boundary; assigning a PSD limit to each region; receiving a location of a transmitting entity; determining a transmitting entity region from the regions based on the location; and transmitting with a respective PSD limit of the transmitting entity region.

Abstract: Various arrangements for adaptive modulation of terminal to satellite communications are presented herein. A terminal may access a feedback data structure to perform a lookup based on a power level received as feedback. Based on performing the lookup using the power level in the feedback data structure, the terminal may determine an error correcting code rate to be used. The terminal may transmit one or more data packets to the satellite using the determined error correcting code rate without changing communication channel or requesting permission via the satellite to change the error correcting code rate.

Abstract: A geolocation is estimated by tessellating a coverage area into a camping cell and adjacent cells; subdividing the camping cell into grid points where each grid point of the grid points has an associated relative offset from a camping beam center; illuminating, with a platform, the camping cell with a camping beam and each of the adjacent cells with adjacent beams; receiving a camping beam signal strength and adjacent beams signal strengths for each grid point of the grid points; profiling, at each grid point, ratios of the camping beam signal strength to each one of the adjacent beams signal strengths; mapping the ratios and the associated relative offset of each grid point; and estimating a relative geolocation of a User Terminal (UT) from the camping beam center based on a UT camping beam signal strength and UT adjacent beams signal strengths.

Abstract: Some implementations of the disclosure relate to dynamic switching of a satellite inroute data path between a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) method and a Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) method. In one implementation, a method comprises: communicating, using a satellite terminal, over an inroute TDMA channel; determining, at the satellite terminal, based at least on an aggregate ingress traffic rate to the satellite terminal, to switch communications from the inroute TDMA channel to an inroute TDM channel; and after determining to switch communications, sending, from the satellite terminal to a Gateway Earth Station, a request to be allocated an inroute TDM channel.

Abstract: Various arrangements for performing transmodulation of a forward feeder link are presented. A first data stream and a second data stream can be modulated into a higher-order modulation forward feeder link having a higher-order digital modulation scheme. A satellite can receive the higher-order modulation forward feeder link. The satellite can demodulate the higher-order modulator forward feeder link into a bit stream. This bit stream may then be remodulated and retransmitted as multiple forward user links.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system including a network interface arranged to receive a data frame from one or more communication networks. A frame filter is arranged to receive the data frame from the network interface, wherein the frame filter selectively outputs the data frame to at least one of a second network interface or a direct memory access (DMA) controller based on a data frame type. The DMA controller is arranged to store a received data frame to shared memory and transmit an interrupt signal to a media access control (MAC) driver after the received data frame is stored in the shared memory so that the MAC driver can initiate an interrupt handler in response to the interrupt signal to retrieve the stored data frame.

Abstract: A process for improving network performance in systems that utilize secure domain name system (DNS) schemes. Encrypted DNS requests from devices in a local area network (LAN), such as a home or office, are submitted to a local proxy which stores cached DNS records. The proxy decrypts or examines at least a portion of the DNS request in order search for a matching record in its storage. Matching records are retrieved, encrypted, and supplied to the requesting device to satisfy the DNS request. If the proxy does not contain a matching record, the DNS query is encrypted and submitted to an external DNS server for resolution. The matching record can optionally be saved by the proxy prior to being supplied to the requesting device.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for training and using machine learning clustering models to determine conditions a satellite communication system. In some implementations, feature vectors for a time period are obtained. Each feature vector includes feature values that represent properties of a satellite communication system at a respective time during the time period. Each feature vector is provided as input to a machine learning model that assigns the feature vector to a based on the properties of the satellite communication system represented by the feature vector. Each cluster corresponds to a respective potential operating condition of the satellite communication system.

Abstract: A system for monitoring operational status and detecting faults in a satellite system is disclosed. The system may include a processor and a memory storing instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the processor to select, from a plurality of terminals, a subset of terminals to perform system operation tests. The processor may select the subset of terminals using at least one of a semi-static pre-qualification technique and a dynamic pre-qualification technique. The processor may also perform system operation tests using the selected subset of terminals. The processor may further report results from the system operation test using the selected subset of terminals. In some examples, the processor may also determine potential system operation issues based on the results of the system operation tests, generate an alarm or notification based on the determination of potential system operation issues, and/or abort testing or delay testing to a future testing cycle.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for determining availability of network service. In some implementations, a request indicating a location and a communication service level is received. A first subset of service providers or communication technologies is determined based on outputs generated by multiple first machine learning models each trained to predict service availability for different service providers or communication technologies. A second subset is selected from the first subset based on outputs generated by multiple second machine learning models trained to predict availability of different communication service levels for different service providers or communication technologies. At least one service provider or communication technology is selected from the second subset based on output generated by a third machine learning model.