Abstract: A method of forming a multielectrode array includes forming an alignment plate having at least two openings, forming an array bottom plate having at least two openings corresponding to the at least two openings of the alignment plate, temporarily fixing the array bottom plate to the alignment plate, inserting one or more probes or array sub-assemblies into the at least two openings, fixing the probes or array sub-assemblies to the array bottom plate, and removing the array bottom plate from the alignment plate to form a multielectrode array.

Abstract: The present invention describes an apparatus, a system and a method for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. The treatment involves monitoring the position of the tongue and/or the force exerted by the tongue and electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve to move the tongue into an anterior position or to maintain the tongue in an anterior position.

Abstract: The present invention describes an apparatus, a system and a method for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. The treatment involves monitoring the position of the tongue and/or the force exerted by the tongue and electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve to move the tongue into an anterior position or to maintain the tongue in an anterior position.

Abstract: The present invention describes an apparatus, a system and a method for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. The treatment involves monitoring the position of the tongue and/or the force exerted by the tongue and electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve to move the tongue into an anterior position or to maintain the tongue in an anterior position.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of diagnosing migraine attacks and determining predisposition of an individual to the development of migraine based on sodium level in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or brain extracellular fluid. The invention also provides methods of treating migraine, wherein the individual is selected for treatment based in the individual's sodium level in the CSF and/or brain extracellular fluid. The CSF sodium level may be based on the sodium concentration in the saliva.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to methods and apparatus for using hyperpolarization to improve imaging. Am exemplary embodiment, a PASADENA polarizer, is capable of delivering 2.5-5 ml of highly hyperpolarized biological 13C and 15N imaging reagents in less than one minute, and capable of repeated delivery every 5-8 minutes. Exemplary quality control sequences are also provided to create versatile methods, systems, and apparatuses for a variety of biomolecules, capable of undergoing reaction with parahydrogen necessary for effective PASADENA. The subject matter simplifies the technology for routine liquid state generation of hyperpolarized molecules for 13C and 15N subsecond imaging and spectroscopy in vivo and further advance the clinical application of this technology. Methods and systems for providing magnetic shielding are also provided.

Abstract: A method for imaging genetic material such as DNA, RNA and genes by magnetic resonance imaging incorporating hyperpolarization techniques, such as PASADENA or DNP may be used in various app metabolomics, medical diagnosis and genetic research.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful in connection with magnetic resonance imaging are provided. Metabolites hyperpolarized by dynamic nuclear polarization are used as reporter molecules in nuclear magnetic resonance (“NMR”) spectroscopy to study metabolic pathways and diagnose disease states. The reporter molecules include hyperpolarized glutamine and hyperpolarized acetate. The invention includes the reporter molecules, compositions including the reporter molecules in pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, methods for studying metabolic pathways that include introducing one or more of the reporter molecules to a mammalian subject and imaging a target substance using NMR spectroscopy, and kits useful in studying metabolic pathways that incorporate one or more of the reporter molecules and instructions for their use.

Abstract: The present invention describes an apparatus, a system and a method for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods useful in connection with magnetic resonance imaging. In various embodiments, the invention employs the PASADENA polarization technique to prepare contrast agents that target complementary molecules in the body and/or that are processed through predetermined, natural metabolic pathways. The invention includes methods of using the contrast agents and kits including the same. In one embodiment, a diagnostic and prognostic method relating to Alzheimer's disease is described. Further embodiments relate to medical devices including the contrast agents.

Abstract: A method for identifying low grade astrocytoma cells in a sample is provided, wherein the method distinguishes between low grade astrocytoma cells and normal astrocytes, thus permitting early diagnosis of astrocytoma. The method uses antibody directed against J1-31 to test astrocytes in the sample for the presence or absence of J1-31 polypeptide, the low grade astrocytoma cells being characterized by the absence of J1-31 while normal astrocytes are characterized by the presence of J1-31.

Abstract: Carcinoma is treated in a patient by administration of Rhodamine-123 (Rh-123) orally or by intravenous injection of a treatment solution of Rh-123, ethyl alcohol, dextrose, and water in an amount sufficient to effect in vivo destruction of cancer cells. The treatment solution is made by mixing a stock solution of Rh-123 in a solution of 95% ethyl alcohol and 5% water (by volume) with a solution of 5% (by weight) dextrose in water. For prostate cancer, treatment is controlled by measuring the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA), or prostate specific acid phosphatase in the blood of the patient.

Abstract: Biological tissues are grown in a low shear, microgravity environment by culturing connective tissue cells to form a three-dimensional structure, which is thereafter co-cultured with endothelial and epithelial cells to replicate naturally occurring tissues. Preferably, the three-dimensional connective tissue cells are first cultured with endothelial cells to form three-dimensional structures of connective tissue cells and endothelial cells, which are thereafter co-cultured with epithelial cells to replicate naturally occurring tissue. The cultured tissue is in the general shape of spheroids having a diameter between about 0.1 mm and about 5 m.

Abstract: Nitric oxide donor compounds of the formula: are provided. In the formula, R is (CH2)n, wherein n ranges from 1 to 8 and wherein each hydrogen atom on the alkylene group and on the phenyl groups can optionally be replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, halo, and hydroxy groups. A particularly preferred compound is 1,3-(nitrooxymethyl)phenyl 2-hydroxybenzoate. The compounds are useful for treating and preventing various conditions, including coronary artery disease.

Abstract: A tool for inserting medical electrodes such as nerve-stimulating electrodes into tissue. An electrode is positioned fully within a tip of the tool so the tip end can be placed directly against the tissue to be penetrated for precise handheld positioning. A trigger on the tool is actuated to release a compressed spring in the tool to drive the electrode out of the tool tip into the target tissue. A viscous-damping means is provided in the tool to control electrode acceleration and velocity.

Abstract: Iridium electrodes of very small diameter such as 35 microns are formed from larger-diameter commercially available iridium wire by an electrolytic etching process. A saturated solution of sodium chloride in a preferred etching solution. The electrodes are formed with sharp conical tips which can be rounded or blunted if desired by additional etching. Platinum lead wire is welded to the electrode shank, and the electrode is coated with an insulating varnish which is ablated at the electrode tip to expose a conductive surface.

Abstract: A surgical tool for controlling the depth of penetration of a cutter into bone. The tool has a tubular housing with three legs extending therefrom to provide a tripod-like support when positioned against the bone surface. A penetration-depth adjustment ring or sleeve is rotatable on the tubular housing, preferably in click-stop detented intervals, to establish a desired penetration depth for the cutter.

Abstract: A container for growing cells in a culture medium is made by sealing two sheets of gas-permeable elastomeric material such as made of silicone together to enclose a culture chamber. A portion of one of the sheets is in the shape of a dome having a wall extending transverse to a major plane of that sheet. The thickness of the wall is greater than the thickness of the rest of the sheet. A permeable and porous body, preferably coated with a thin film of metal, may be in the culture chamber to provide a substrate for three-dimensional growth. A porous body can be implanted in an organ of an animal to allow dividing cells to grow into the porous body. The porous body is removed from the animal and placed in contact with other porous bodies in the culture chamber where cells grow from the porous body containing cells into the other porous bodies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the concentration of metabolites in the brain using magnetic resonance spectrum techniques. The method comprising defining a volume within the brain, obtaining a magnetic resonance spectrum of the defined volume, suppressing the signal from water to reveal the spectra from metabolites, correcting the baseline, obtaining the magnetic resonance spectrum of an external standard, comparing the signal from the metabolites to the signal from the external standard and calculating the in vivo concentration of the metabolites.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system includes a magnet for producing a magnetic field to which a patient is subjected, a radio frequency (RF) transmitter coupled to a body coil within the magnet, an RF receiver coupled to a surface coil within the magnet and placed as close as possible to tissue being analyzed by the MR imaging system, and a computer controlled system for generating RF signals sent from the transmitter and detected by the receiver for use in producing nuclear excitation and corresponding detected induced currents in the surface coil sent to an analog-to-digital converter and then to the computer for processing into an image display of the tissue under analysis.