Abstract: Certain substances are provided which have the ability to relax smooth vascular muscle, having an endothelial lining, when administered in vitro or by intravenous injection. Examples of useful substances which are pharmaceutically-acceptable include phospholipase A.sub.2 (PLA.sub.2) and certain lysolecithins. The concentration required is at least about 3 units of PLA.sub.2 and at least about 10.sup.-5 Molar lysolecithin. The lysolecithins are dissolved in a suitable solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, for injection. Alternatively, phospholipase A.sub.2 is administered directly. The resulting solutions should have a pharmacologically-effective amount of the substance dissolved therein. Importantly, the body does not develop a tolerance to the lysolecithin.

Abstract: A circumneural electrode assembly having a pair of spaced-apart and oppositely directed helical portions which can be opened by an insertion tool to fit the assembly over a peripheral or cranial nerve. One or more conductive electrodes on the inner surfaces of the helical portions intimately contact the nerve surface to deliver electrical stimulating signals, or alternatively, to block nerve conduction or to sense evoked potentials. The surgically implanted assembly is stable in position on the nerve, and is installed with a minimum of nerve manipulation and possible resulting trauma. The assembly preserves the advantages of previously disclosed spiral electrodes, while greatly simplifying installation, particularly in a nerve which is deeply recessed in overlying muscle or arteries.

Abstract: An immunoassay procedure utilizing a formazan-labeled primary antibody to detect the presence of an antigen is disclosed. The formazan-labeled antibody is dissolved in a test fluid suspected to containing the antigen. A dipstick having a first section on which primary antibodies are bonded and a second section free of primary antibodies and antigens and blocked to prevent bonding of primary antibodies and antigens is immersed in the test fluid and removed after a select period of time. A difference in color between the first and second sections indicate the presence of the antigen.