Abstract: A method and an apparatus for reducing moisture differentials of a moving web, for instance, a paper web, containing longitudinal wet streaks, by applying high-frequency electromagnetic energy to bar-formed electrodes, which are located close to the surface of the web. In accordance with the invention, the longitudinal axes of the electrodes are aligned approximately parallel to the machine direction of the web and the electrodes are located over each wet streak of the web. The apparatus in accordance with the invention comprises a beam extending in the cross direction essentially over the web, with each electrode fitted to the beam so as to align the longitudinal axis of the electrode in the home position approximately parallel to the machine direction of the web and provided with a means of transferring each electrode in the aforementioned cross direction onto an assigned wet streak in the web. The invention provides an economical and effective solution for reducing moisture differentials in the web.

Abstract: This publication describes a method and apparatus for the utilization of heat energy released in a cooling process. In accordance with the method, air used as the heat transfer medium is routed to a compressor (2) in which compressor (2) the air is compressed to a higher pressure, the compressed air is cooled to a lower temperature, the cooled air is routed to a turbine (8), where it expands to a lower pressure and cools down, and air expansion work released in the turbine (8) is used for rotating the compressor (2). In accordance with the invention, air is compressed in the compressor (2) to such a high pressure that its temperature exceeds a minimum temperature of water boiling point in normal atmospheric pressure, the high-pressure compressed air is cooled to a sufficiently low temperature, e.g., below 15.degree. C.

Abstract: An air turbine is provided and includes a stator having a guide wheel for moist air with guide passages placed between guide blade, a rotor having a runner and inner blade passages placed between the runner blades, and an annular intermediate space between the guide blades of the stator and the runner blades of the rotor. A control unit is provided for controlling the temperature of air to be supplied to the guide wheel. Wet or moist air may expand or cool down to temperatures that are considerbly below the freezing point of water without disturbance or prevention of the operation of the turbine by formation of ice on the faces of such turbine parts as are in contact with the air flow passing through the turbine.

Abstract: A measurement method and an apparatus are used for determining the moisture content of sheet- or foil-like materials (1) of high moisture content and low electrical conductivity. Ground planes (3) are adapted on both sides of the material (1) to be measured; between each ground plane (3) and the material (1) to be measured, at least one center conductor (2) is adapted approximately parallel to the material (1) to be measured in order to form a quasi-TEM transmission line resonator. Electromagnetic RF energy is fed into the quasi-TEM transmission line resonator so that the electromagnetic quasi-TEM waves propagate in the plane of the material (1) to be measured. The resonator supports for the transverse and longitudinal waves such resonant modes whose resonant frequencies and Q's are dependent on the properties of the material (1) to be measured.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a procedure for transforming radioactive wastes into ceramics. From the radioactive waste solution, the waste is bound to an inorganic ion exchanger either with batch equilibration or in columns. After the waste has been bound to the ion exchanger, it is transformed into ceramics by admixing it to tile clay or to another ceramizing material and by firing the mixture to a tile. This yields an extremely low soluble and mechanically durable ultimate disposal product of the nuclear waste. The ceramizing procedure is applicable with any inorganic ion exchanger.