Abstract: A process for the production of pentafluoroethane which comprises the steps (i) producing a composition comprising a compound of formula C.sub.2 HCl.sub.x F.sub.y in which x=1,2 or 3 and y=2,3 or 4 provided that x+y is 5, contaminated with a compound of formula C.sub.2 Cl.sub.x+1 F.sub.y, (ii) separating the compound of formula C.sub.2 HCl.sub.x F.sub.y from the compound of formula C.sub.2 Cl.sub.x+1 F.sub.y, and (iii) contacting the compound of formula C.sub.2 HCl.sub.x F.sub.y with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a fluorination catalyst to produce pentafluoroethane is disclosed.

Abstract: Preparation of an electrode comprising a substrate of a valve metal or of an alloy thereof having similar properties thereto and a coating thereon comprising at least an outer layer of an electrocatalytically-active material which comprises an oxide of at least ruthenium and an oxide of at least one non-noble metal by a one-step coating process which comprises the vapor phase deposition of a mixture of at least ruthenium and/or oxide thereof and at least one non-noble metal or oxide thereof onto the substrate. The outer layer is of substantially uniform thickness, the contours thereof are at least substantially the same as the contours of the substrate underlying it and the electrode affords an increased surface area for a given mass of catalyst and a more efficient use of catalyst to obtain a given thickness thereof.

Abstract: Process for preparing rigid polyurethane or urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foam using as blowing agent a mixture containing from 1 to 50 mole % 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and from 50 to 99 mole % isopentane and/or n-pentane.

Abstract: Process for preparing a thermosetting coating composition comprising;(a) mixing(i) a cleavable carbonyl polymer having an activated carbonyl group adjacent to oxygen or nitrogen, in the backbone, and having a molecular weight greater than 5,000(ii) a multifunctional compound having a molecular weight less than 5,000 having a functional group capable of reacting with the cleavable carbonyl polymer to cleave the polymer at the carbonyl group and bond with the cleaved polymer, the compound having a crosslinking group;(b) reacting the mixture in an extruder, at 50 to 350.degree. C. for 15 to 600 seconds, to cleave the polymer, and react the cleaved polymer with the functional group on the multifunctional compound(c) quenching the reaction mixture cooling prior to equilibrium reaction, to produce a functionalized cleaved polymer having crosslinking groups derived from the multifunctional compound and capable of crosslinking by heat reaction outside the extruder.

Abstract: ?PPA composition is described which comprises carbon dioxide (CO2), at least one hydrofluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134) and 1,1difluoroethane (R-152a), and at least one hydrofluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (R-236fa) and 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (R-236ea). The composition may additionally comprise at least one hydrocarbon and can be used as a replacement for refrigerant R-12 in automobile air conditioning and domestic refrigeration systems.

Abstract: An inkable sheet suitable for use as an ink jet recording sheet comprises a non-porous thermoplastics polymeric film substrate having on a surface thereof a porous, ink-absorbent, resin layer. The porous layer which comprises voids capable of absorbing and retaining an aqueous-organic ink-solvent medium by capillary action, may comprise a hydrophobic resin, a hydrophilic resin or a blend thereof, and may be bonded to a substrate, such as a film of polyethylene terephthalate, by an intermediate adhesive resin layer. The sheet is particularly suitable in the production of an imaged transparency for use in a transmission mode.

Abstract: A composition for use in extracting copper values from aqueous solutions of metal salts comprises one or more o-hydroxyaryloximes containing at least 5 aliphatic or alicyclic carbon atoms which are strong metal extractants which, in 0.2 molar solution in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solution when loaded with 50% of the theoretical uptake of copper, will be in equilibrium with a 0.1 molar solution of copper as copper perchlorate at a pH less than 1 and one or more branched chain aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic esters containing 10 to 30 carbon atoms, wherein the ratio of the number of methyl carbon atoms to the number of non-methyl carbon atoms is higher 1:5 and the weight ratio of A to B being in the range of 10:1 to 1:3.

Abstract: A human gene termed APC is disclosed. Methods and kits are provided for assessing mutations of the APC gene in human tissues and body samples. APC mutations are found in familial adenomatous polyposis patients as well as in sporadic colorectal cancer patients. APC is expressed in most normal tissues. These results suggest that APC is a tumor suppressor.

Abstract: Process for removing water from compositions containing water, organics and hydrogen fluoride (e.g. product stream from vapour phase hydrofluorination processes, e.g. manufacture of HFA 134a, HFA 125 or HFA 32) by phase separation and purge of the aqueous layer.

Abstract: A process for the removal of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane from 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane which comprises contacting 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane containing 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane with a zeolite having a mean pore size in the range of 3.8 .ANG. an 4.8 .ANG.. The zeolite is preferably calcium chabazite.

Abstract: A non-azeotropic refrigerant is described comprising (A) carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), (B) pentafluoroethane (R-125), (C) 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (R-143a) and (D) chlorodifluoromethane (R-22).

Abstract: Water present in a hot gaseous product stream from a reactor system A.B (FIG. 1) containing hydrogen fluoride is separated from the stream in order to eliminate a potentially corrosive combination of water and HF. The water is removed by contacting the gaseous product stream with liquid HF in a distillation column so as to obtain a bottoms product containing liquid HF and water and a top product containing dry HF and the product to be recovered. The invention encompasses the separation process, a vessel for carrying out the process (FIGS. 2 to 4), a control system for the liquid HF supply to the distillation column (FIGS. 5 and 6) and a recovery system for recovering HF employed during operation of the reactor system in different regimes employing HF as a fluorination agent, as a diluent during catalyst regeneration and/or catalyst prefluorination (FIG. 7).

Abstract: Mixtures of at least two of the macrocyclic musk fragrances hexadecanolide, cyclopentadecanone and pentadecanolide and methods of using such mixtures are described. These mixtures possess substantivity to proteinaceous and cellulosic substrates which is significantly better than the substantivity of the separate components and are therefore very suitable for perfumes to be applied in products intended for treating skin, hair or textile fibers, such as bath and shower products, shampoos, laundry detergents, rinse conditioners, fabric softeners and the like. The mixtures are thus able to replace polycyclic musk fragrances in such products.

Abstract: The use of a tin salt together with a salt of a protic acid having at least 2 acidic hydrogen atoms and a pK.sub.a in water of 2-10 in preparing water-blown polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A transfer foil comprising a carrier sheet and a thermally transferable overlay, the overlay comprising a transparent film of polymeric material having dispersed therein surface-stabiiised titanium dioxide, wherein the titanium dioxide is stabilised by coating the surface with alumina, silica or zirconia or mixtures thereof.A thermal transfer dye sheet ribbon comprising a substrate supporting different coloured dyecoats provided as discrete uniform print-size panels arranged in a repeated sequence along the ribbon, and a thermally transferable overlay comprising a transparent film of polymeric material having dispersed therein surface-stabilised titanium dioxide, positioned between each repeated sequence of the dyecoat panels, wherein the titanium dioxide is stabilised by coating the surface with alumina, silica or zirconia or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method for the production of polyurethane elastomers by reacting an isocyanate epolymer having an isocyanate content of from 5 to 10% by weight which is the reaction product of an excessive amount of a polyisocyanate containing at least 85% by weight of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a variant thereof and a polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality of from 2 to 4, an average hydroxyl equivalent weight of from 500 to 3000, and an oxyethylene content of from 50 to 85% by weight, with an aqueous latex to form a foam, and compressing said foam.

Abstract: A process for the separation of propylene from an input stream of C3 hydrocarbons containing propylene and methyl acetylene and/or propadiene and, optionally, C4 and/or higher hydrocarbons is described. The process includes subjecting the input stream to fractional distillation to separate propylene as an overhead stream leaving a bottoms stream containing the methyl acetylene and/or propadiene and the C4 and/or higher hydrocarbons, when present. A propane-containing stream is added to said input stream whereby propane is separated as part of the bottoms stream. The propylene content of the bottoms streams is maintained at less than 10% weight. The amount of propane added to the input stream is such that the weight of propane, propylene, and C4 and/or higher hydrocarbons, when present, in the bottoms stream is greater that the total weight of methyl acetylene and propadiene in the bottoms stream.

Abstract: Process for making polyisocyanate based xerogels by trimerisation of an organic polyisocyanate in an organic solvent in the presence of a (co)polymer containing an isocyanate-reactive group, gellation and drying of the obtained sol-gel.

Abstract: A thermal transfer sheet comprising a substrate having a coating comprising a substituted hindered indoline dye and a process for the use of such transfer sheets in dye diffusion thermal transfer printing.