Abstract: In one embodiment, the method includes receiving an audio data frame having at least first and second channels. The first and second channels are synchronously subdivided into blocks such that the lengths of the blocks into which the second channel is subdivided correspond to the lengths of the blocks into which the first channel is subdivided if the first and second channels are correlated with each other and difference coding is used. The first and second channels are decoded and the subdivided blocks of the first and second channels are interleaved if the first and second channels are synchronously subdivided.

Abstract: A hand-shake correction apparatus and method for a camera module for typical use in a mobile device. A camera unit includes an angular velocity sensor for sensing an angular velocity of a hand-shake motion of a camera, a position detection sensor for detecting a current position of an image sensor, and an actuator for actuating the image sensor. An Optical Image Stabilizer (OIS) circuit unit controls the actuator using a multi-rate Proportional Integrate Derivative (PID) control scheme that performs control a plurality of times using a shorter control period compared with existing PID controls for a basic period, in which a reference value is updated according to a control reference value by which the image sensor optimally shifts to correct a hand-shake motion.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor device, the method including forming a buffer oxide layer in a first region and a second region of a semiconductor substrate; forming a plurality of first preliminary mask patterns on the buffer oxide layer in the first region; forming a plurality of second preliminary mask patterns between every two adjacent first preliminary mask patterns from among the plurality of first preliminary mask patterns, respectively; forming a plurality of first mask patterns and a plurality of second mask patterns by trimming the plurality of first preliminary mask patterns and the plurality of second preliminary mask patterns; forming a plurality of first active region mask patterns for exposing the semiconductor substrate; defining a plurality of active regions in the semiconductor substrate by forming a trench including a plurality of first trench spaces having same width as the first space and a plurality of second trench spaces under the second space in the first region; and forming

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates. The first substrate has a first insulating substrate, and a pixel electrode formed on the first insulating substrate with a first opening pattern. The second substrate has a second insulating substrate, and a common electrode formed on the second insulating substrate with a second opening pattern. The first and the second opening patterns proceed parallel to each other while being arranged in an alternate manner. A liquid crystal material is injected between the first and the second substrates. A spacer is positioned at an end of the second opening pattern to maintain the distance between the first and the second substrates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing the semiconductor device is provided, which provides a prevention for a “dug” of a silicon substrate caused by the etching in regions except a region for forming a film during a removal of the film with a chemical solution. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes forming a first silicon oxide film on a surface of a silicon substrate or on a surface of a gate electrode when a silicon nitride film for a dummy side wall is etched off, to provide a protection for such surfaces, and then etching a portion of the silicon nitride film with a chemical solution, and then a second oxide film for supplementing a simultaneously-etched portion of the first silicon oxide film is formed, and eventually performing an etching for completely removing the silicon nitride film for the dummy side wall.

Abstract: An electrical connector system includes a circuit board having a mounting side and first and second electrical connectors mounted to the mounting side of the circuit board. The first and second electrical connectors each having a mating interface. The first and second electrical connectors being mounted to the circuit board in an offset configuration such that the mating interfaces of the first and second electrical connectors are parallel to one another and non-coplanar with respect to one another. Optionally, the mating interfaces may be perpendicular to the mounting side. The first and second electrical connectors may be identical to one another.

Abstract: A saturated power amplification apparatus and a method for controlling the same are provided, in which a power device is provided, and an output matcher matches a load impedance of the power device. The load impedance is a complex impedance exceeding an impedance generated during power matching in the saturated power amplification apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a method for transmitting 1x paging information through an HRPD network and responding to the 1x paging information by a dual-mode MS/AT. After the MS/AT turns to an HRPD network and informs an MSC of related information, if some 1x paging information arrives, the MSC sends a message indicating 1x service arrival to the PCF. An HRPD AN bears the 1x service arrival message that carries calling information sent from the PCF in the 1x service packet to send to the MS/AT. If the user, receiving the 1x service arrival message, chooses to accept a 1x call, the MS/AT terminates the service in the HRPD network and turns to the 1x network to send a “paging response” message to a 1x BS.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed that includes first and second circuits coupled together via a bus, an input pin configured to receive an analog input signal, a digital-to-analog (DAC) convertor configured to convert a multibit reference signal into an analog reference signal, a comparator circuit coupled to the bus, an output of the DAC and to the input pin. The comparator circuit is configured to receive the analog reference signal from the DAC and the analog input signal, and configured to generate a first digital signal set to a first state if the analog reference signal is greater in magnitude than the analog input signal, or set to a second state if analog reference signal is lower in magnitude than the analog input signal. The comparator circuit is also configured to transmit the first digital signal to the first circuit via the bus. The first circuit in turn is configured to receive the first digital signal.

Abstract: A multicast service of a 3GPP Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is disclosed. A multicast service stream identifier is provided so that each multicast area can receive different information for one service or one multicast service can be provided with different QoSs to areas. In addition, the multicast service stream identifier is provided which can selectively receive diverse menus or channels for one multicast service provided in the same area. Thus, by providing the multicast service stream identifier, users' desires for various services can be satisfied.

Abstract: In a method of forming carbon nano-tubes, a catalytic film is formed on a substrate. The catalytic film is then transformed into preliminary catalytic particles. Thereafter, the preliminary catalytic particles are transformed into catalytic particles. Carbon nano-tubes then grow from the catalytic particles. The carbon nano-tubes have relatively high conductivity and high number density.

Abstract: To reduce the leak current in the MOSFET connected between the pad and the ground. There are provided a pad PAD for an input or output signal, an n-type MOSFET M1a connected between the pad PAD and the ground and having its gate terminal and backgate connected in common, and a potential control circuit 10 that controls a potential Vb of the gate terminal and the backgate of the n-type MOSFET M1a based on a potential Vin of the pad PAD. The potential control circuit 10 comprises n-type MOSFETs M2 and M3; the n-type MOSFET M1a has its gate terminal and backgate connected to backgates and drains of the n-type MOSFETs M2 and M3; the n-type MOSFET M2 has its source grounded and its gate terminal connected to the pad PAD via a resistance R; and the n-type MOSFET M3 has its source connected to the pad PAD and its gate terminal grounded.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing a nanowire grid polarizer, and a nanowire grid polarizer prepared using the same. The method includes: mixing a surfactant and a silica precursor to prepare a mesoporous film composition; coating the mesoporous film composition on a substrate; aging the coated product to form a silica template composite; removing the surfactant inside the silica template composite to prepare a mesoporous material having channels; and filling the channels of the mesoporous material with metal. The method is suitable for the formation of a nanowire having a stable structure, mass production, and large-area production.

Abstract: A display substrate having a low-resistance metallic layer and a method of manufacturing the display substrate. The gate conductors are extended in a first direction. The source conductors are extended in a second direction crossing the first direction including a lower layer of molybdenum or a molybdenum alloy, and an upper layer of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The pixel areas are defined by the gate conductors and the source conductors. A switching element is formed in each of the pixel areas and includes a gate electrode extended from the gate conductor and a source electrode extended from the source conductor. The pixel electrode includes a transparent conductive material, and is electrically connected to a drain electrode of the switching element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing bookmark information of a media server through a network based on the UPnP AV standard is disclosed. If a request for bookmarking a content item is made, a bookmark item is created and the created bookmark item is linked to the content item by adding the ID of the created bookmark item to the property information of the content item and recording the ID of the content item to be bookmarked in the created bookmark item.

Abstract: A method and device of enabling interoperation between different devices over a network are provided. A control script corresponding to a service to be performed using device information received from a service providing device in a network is generated, the control script interoperating with the service providing device is executed, and when an error occurs during an execution of the control script, one routine of a plurality of handling routines is executed according to severity of the occurred error type. A suitable environment is established for interoperation with the service providing device as a result of having executed the one routine of the plurality of handling routines, when interoperation with the service providing device is possible.

Abstract: An open-ended two-strip meander line antenna, an RFID tag using the same and an antenna impedance matching method thereof are provided. The antenna includes: a radiating strip line for deciding a resonant frequency of the antenna; and a feeding strip line for providing a radio frequency (RF) signal to an element connected to the antenna, wherein ends of the radiating strip line and the feeding strip line are open.

Abstract: An electrode structure, e.g., a gate electrode for a transistor, includes: a volume of semiconductor material; a gate oxide on the semiconductor volume; a barrier layer, including silicon nitride, on the gate oxide layer; an adhesion layer on the barrier layer; and a metallic layer on the adhesion layer.

Abstract: A microradio (10) is provided with a hysteretic switch (16) to permit an optimum range increasing charging cycle, with the charging cycle being long relative to the transmit cycle. Secondly, an ensemble of microradios permits an n2 power enhancement to increase range with coherent operation. Various multi-frequency techniques are used both for parasitic powering and to isolate powering and transmit cycle. Applications for microradios and specifically for ensembles of microradios include authentication, tracking, fluid flowing sensing, identification, terrain surveillance including crop health sensing and detection of improvised explosive devices, biohazard and containment breach detection, and biomedical applications including the use of microradios attached to molecular tags to destroy tagged cells when the microradios are activated. Microradio deployment includes the uses of paints or other coatings containing microradios, greases and aerosols.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display includes a base substrate, a driving transistor arranged on the base substrate, a first electrode electrically connected to the driving transistor, an organic light emitting layer arranged on the first electrode to generate a light, a second electrode arranged on the organic light emitting layer, an opposite substrate facing the base substrate and including micro-lenses to disperse the light generated by the organic light emitting layer, and a sub-electrode arranged on at least one of the micro-lenses, the sub-electrode making contact with the second electrode to be electrically connected to the second electrode.