Abstract: A bin blender for mixing particulate solid materials, comprises a closable bin for containing the materials and having a non-circular cross-sectional shape, mounted for rotation of the bin about an axis extending across the interior of the bin, and an internal baffle extending within the bin at an angle of less than about 45° to the axis of rotation of the bin.

Abstract: A process of preparing a compound of the formula (I) wherein B is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H or halogen; D is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H halogen or SCH3; R is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; and Z is selected from OH, hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, SQ or OQ, Q is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; or a tautomer thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or an ester thereof; or a prodrug thereof, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula (II) with an anion produced by abstraction of the bromine or iodine atom from a compound of formula (XIX), to form a compound of formula (XX) The compound of formula (LXX) is N- and O-deprotected to obtain the compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel organic/inorganic-oxide multilayer materials. In particular novel organic/inorganic-oxide materials based on single or multiple atomic layers of tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide or other metal oxides interspersed between organic spacer layers is disclosed along with a method of preparing the materials, preferably via self assembly.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having the formula: wherein A is CH or N; B is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H or halogen; D is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H, halogen or SCH3; R is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; and X and Y are independently selected from H, OH or halogen except that when one of X and Y is hydroxy or halogen, the other is hydrogen; and Z is OH or, when X is hydroxy, Z is selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, SQ or OQ, Q is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; or a tautomer thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or an ester thereof; or a prodrug thereof; and compounds having the formula: wherein A, X, Y, Z and R are defined for compounds of formula (I) where first shown above; E is chosen from CO2H or a corresponding salt form, CO2R, CN, CONH2, CONHR or CONR2; and G is chosen from NH2, NHCOR, NHCONHR or NHCSNHR; or a tautomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or an este

Abstract: A method for maximising critical current density (Jc) of high temperature superconducting cuprate materials (HTSC) which comprises controlling the doping state or hole concentration of the materials to be higher than the doping state or hole concentration of the material that provides a maximum superconducting transition temperature (Tc), and to lie at about a value where the normal-state pseudogap reduces to a minimum. Jc is maximised1 at hole concentration p≈0.19. HTSC compounds are also claimed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of detecting and/or assaying nucleoside hydrolases or nucleoside phosphorylases using a chromogenic substrate. Preferred chromogenic substrates have formula (I) where X is OH, or H, and Y is the residue of Y—OH where Y—OH is a chromophore or a compound readily converted to a chromophore and the substrates are hydrolyzed by the nucleoside hydrolase to yield ribose or 2-deoxyribose plus Y—OH. Alternatively, those substrates may be phosphorylysed by nucleoside phosphorylase to yield ribose-1-phosphate plus Y—OH. The methods may be used to detect and/or assay parasites in biological samples.

Abstract: A novel method for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) from an N-protected-D-mannosamine. A compound of formula (I) is a useful intermediate for the preparation of kiftnensine, a potent and selective mannosidase inhibitor.

Abstract: A process of preparing a compound of the formula (I) wherein B is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H or halogen; D is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H halogen or SCH3; R is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; and Z is selected from OH, hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, SQ or OQ, Q is an optionally substituted all, aralkyl or aryl group; or a tautomer thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or an ester thereof; or a prodrug thereof, which comprises reacting a compound of the formula (II)  with an anion produced by abstraction of the bromine or iodine atom from a compound of formula (XIX),  to form a compound of formula (XX) The compound of formula (XX) is N- and O-deprotected to obtain the compound of formula (I).

Abstract: A method for concentrating and/or positioning and/or separating particles or cells comprises placing a liquid medium containing the particles and/or cells over a surface having an electrode array associated with the surface, applying an alternating voltage to the electrode array to create an electric field above the surface within the medium to repel the particles or cells from the electrode array and thereby levitate the particles or cells above the surface, within the medium, by negative dielectrophoresis, and heating the liquid medium so as to cause convection currents to circulate within the medium which concentrate or relocate the levitated cells within the medium. Apparatus for concentrating and/or positioning and/or separating particles or cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: A &bgr;-D-glucofuranose compound which is 1,2,3,5,6-penta-O-propanoyl-&bgr;-D-glucofuranose, preferably in crystalline form, is prepared from D-glucose. The compound is prepared by reacting D-glucose with boric acid, or an equivalent thereof, followed by treatment with a propanoylating reagent, preferably propanoic anhydride. The compound is useful for the preparation of other compounds, such as glucofuranosides.

Abstract: A Coriolis effect fluid flow meter comprises a tube curved about a first axis and mounted for oscillatory motion about a second axis, means to drive the tube in a controlled oscillatory motion about said second axis to generate in fluid flowing in the tube a measurable bi-direction force, a pair of flexible couplings through which fluid flow passes arranged to minimise forces on the tube due to the inherent stiffness of the tube, and means arrange to measure the bi-directional force in the direction of said first axis and to derive the fluid flow therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel nucleoside-analogue compounds that are effective inhibitors of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), purine phosphoribosyltransferases (PPRT), and/or nucleoside hydrolases. Also provided are tautomers, esters, prodrugs, and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the compounds disclosed herein. The present invention further provides the use of these compounds as pharmaceuticals. The present invention also discloses pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds. Finally, the present invention provides processes for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for the sensing of moisture using microwave technology. The apparatus provides a wave guide having a linear array of slots in its broadwall. A detector detects reflected energy of microwave signals over a frequency range once the material is positioned over the slots. A value indicative of the power spectral density of the reflected signals is computed and a value for the moisture content of the material determined from the value of power spectral density. The slots are at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the wave guide and the angle can be varied according to the material being tested.

Abstract: A method of inducing biaxial particle alignment in a body of crystalline particles of a material such as a high temperature superconducting material, having anisotropic magnetic susceptibility so that at least a major portion of the crystalline particles have at least two crystalline axes generally parallel, comprises subjecting the particles to a magnetic field which varies cyclically relative to the body of crystalline particles with time, and which has an average magnitude which is a maximum in a first direction, a lower average magnitude in a second direction generally orthogonal to said first direction and a minimum or zero average magnitude in a third direction generally orthogonal to said first and second directions. Alignment of the axis of maximum magnetic susceptibility of the particles generally with the direction of maximum average magnitude and the axis of minimum magnetic susceptibility of the particles generally with the minimum or zero average magnitude direction is induced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of detecting and/or assaying nucleoside hydrolases or nucleoside phosphorylases using a chromogenic substrate. Preferred chromogenic substrates have formula (I) where X is OH, or H, and Y is the residue of Y—OH where Y—OH is a chromophore or a compound readily converted to a chromophore and the substrates are hydrolyzed by the nucleoside hydrolase to yield ribose or 2-deoxyribose plus Y—OH. Alternatively, those substrates may be phosphorylysed by nucleoside phosphorylase to yield ribose-1-phosphate plus Y—OH. The methods may be used to detect and/or assay parasites in biological samples.

Abstract: A process for obtaining an angiogenesis inhibitor and an angiogenesis activator from shark cartilage comprising, as the key step, the aqueous extraction of dried shark cartilage. The angiogenesis inhibitor obtained is more potent than shark cartilage not subjected to the extraction step. The angiogenesis inhibitor is particularly useful for the prevention or treatment of cancer. The angiogenesis activator is particularly useful for stimulating wound healing.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having the formula: wherein A is CH or N; B is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H or halogen; D is chosen from OH, NH2, NHR, H, halogen or SCH3; R is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; and X and Y are independently selected from H, OH or halogen except that when one of X and Y is hydroxy or halogen, the other is hydrogen; and Z is OH or, when X is hydroxy, Z is selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, SQ or OQ, Q is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; or a tautomer thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or an ester thereof; or a prodrug thereof; and compounds having the formula: wherein A, X, Y, Z and R are defined for compounds of formula (I) where first shown above; E is chosen from CO2H or a corresponding salt form, CO2R, CN, CONH2, CONHR or CONR2; and G is chosen from NH2, NHCOR, NHCONHR or NHCSNHR; or a tautomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or an este

Abstract: The invention provides certain novel metal oxide materials which exhibit superconductivity at elevated temperatures and/or which are useful in electrode, electrolyte, cell and sensor applications, or as electrochemical catalysts. The metal oxide materials are generally within the formulaR.sub.n+1-u-s A.sub.u M.sub.m+e Cu.sub.n 0.sub.w (1)where n.gtoreq.0 and n is an integer or a non-integer, 1.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.2, 0.ltoreq.s.ltoreq.0.4, 0.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.4, and 2n+(1/2)<w<(5/2)n+4, with the provisos that u is 2 for n.ltoreq.1, u is n+1 for 0.ltoreq.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is CH or N; B is chosen from OH, NH.sub.2, NHR, H or halogen; D is chosen from OH, NH.sub.2, NHR, H, halogen or SCH.sub.3 ; R is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; and X and Y are independently selected from H, OH or halogen except that when one of X and Y is hydroxy or halogen, the other is hydrogen; and Z is OH or, when X is hydroxy, Z is selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, SQ or OQ, Q is an optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group; or a tautomer thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; or an ester thereof; or a prodrug thereof; and compounds having the formula: ##STR2## wherein A, X, Y, Z and R are defined for compounds of formula (I) where first shown above; E is chosen from CO.sub.2 H or a corresponding salt form, CO.sub.2 R, CN, CONH.sub.2, CONHR or CONR.sub.2 ; and G is chosen from NH.sub.

Abstract: A multi-channel reverberation system has a substantially constant multi-channel power gain at audio frequencies and comprises multiple signal inputs, one for each input channel, a number of comb filter networks connected to each signal input, each comb filter network including a feed forward stage, a cross-coupling network cross-coupling the comb filters to increase the reverberation echo density, and multiple signal outputs, one for each output channel. Preferably the feed forward stage of each comb filter provides a substantially constant multi-channel power gain at audio frequencies and the cross-coupling matrix is an orthogonal cross-coupling matrix cross-coupling a number of single channel allpass comb filters, positioned immediately before or after the delay lines, to create a multi-channel allpass comb filter with a unitary transfer function matrix at all frequencies.