Abstract: Disclosed herein is an overbased alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl-substituted salicylate detergent comprising both carbonate and borate moieties and exhibiting the following characteristics: a basicity index of at least 3.8; a ratio of soap content to mass % boron is greater than 55 mmol/kg; a soap content of at least 330 mmol/kg; a TBN, measured according to ASTM D2896, of at least 220 mg KOH/g; and a mass ratio of borate to carbonate from 0.75 to 6.0, wherein the alkaline earth metal comprises calcium and/or magnesium, and the hydrocarbyl substitution comprises 9 to 30 carbon atoms. Methods of making the boron-containing salicylate detergent, specifically to be package-stable, are also disclosed, as well as package-stable lubricant additive package concentrates and lubricating oil compositions containing same.

Abstract: A transmission fluid composition contains a major amount of a lubricating oil basestock, and a minor amount of an additive package comprising: (i) a mixture comprising two or more phosphites and/or phosphates; (ii) one or more thioester compounds; (iii) a detergent comprising calcium salicylate; and (iv) a poly(alkylene amine)-based ashless dispersant endcapped with metallocene-catalyzed PAO arms. Such a transmission fluid may be used for controlling/reducing wear in at least partially electrically-powered transmissions and/or for cooling/insulating electrical/electronic components of at least partially electrically-powered drivetrains.

Abstract: An ionic liquid composed of nitrogen-free cations and aromatic halogen- and boron-free anions is useful as an additive to prolong the service life of hydrocarbonaceous liquids exposed to nitrogen dioxide contamination, and to provide friction and wear reduction.

Abstract: A low S marine fuel trunk piston diesel engine lubricant includes an overbased metal detergent; a zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate; optionally an aminic antioxidant; and a borated ashless dispersant. The lubricant exhibits improved thermal and oxidative stability and improved high temperature detergency.

Abstract: An additive composition for a marine fuel or a heating oil comprising a stabilized colloidal dispersion of catalytic metal particles, a neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal detergent and a carrier fluid miscible with a marine fuel oil, a heavy fuel oil, a marine distillate fuel, and/or a residual fuel oil. Also provided are marine fuel and/or heating oil compositions having the additive composition described above and associated methods and uses.

Abstract: A comb copolymer viscosity modifier may be made by polymerization comprising at least, or consisting essentially of, the following monomers: (a) (optionally from 7.0 wt % to 18 wt %, by repeat units, of) a hydrogenated polybutadiene-based (alk)acrylate ester macromonomer; (b) (optionally from 33 wt % to 64 wt %, by repeat units, of) a C3-C8alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer; (c) a C12-C24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer; and (d) (optionally from 3.0 wt % to 25 wt %, by repeat units, of) H-endcapped, C1-C18 alkyl-endcapped, or C6-C20 aryl-, aralkyl-, or alkaryl-endcapped C2-C6 oxyalkyl or C2-C6 oligo(alkylene glycol)-based (alk)acrylate ester monomer, wherein repeat units based on monomer (c) and/or monomer (d) comprise at least 21.0 wt % (and optionally up to 35.0 wt %) of repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier. Lubricant compositions comprising the comb copolymer viscosity modifier, as well as uses thereof and methods for modifying viscosity and dispersancy, are also contemplated.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an overbased alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl-substituted salicylate detergent comprising both carbonate and borate moieties and exhibiting the following characteristics: a basicity index of at least 3.8; a ratio of soap content to mass % boron is greater than 55 mmol/kg; a soap content of at least 330 mmol/kg; a TBN, measured according to ASTM D2896, of at least 220 mg KOH/g; and a mass ratio of borate to carbonate from 0.75 to 6.0, wherein the alkaline earth metal comprises calcium and/or magnesium, and the hydrocarbyl substitution comprises 9 to 30 carbon atoms. Methods of making the boron-containing salicylate detergent, specifically to be package-stable, are also disclosed, as well as package-stable lubricant additive package concentrates and lubricating oil compositions containing same.

Abstract: An additive composition for limiting the chemical degradation of hydrocarbonaceous liquids due to nitrogen dioxide contamination at elevated temperature comprises the combination of an ionic liquid composed of a cation and a boron- and halogen-free, multi-functional anion and a detergent additive, the combination of ionic liquid and detergent serving to inhibit the nitration of hydrocarbonaceous liquid components that initiates degradation.

Abstract: An ionic liquid composed of nitrogen-free cations and aromatic halogen- and boron-free anions is useful as an additive to prolong the service life of hydrocarbonaceous liquids exposed to nitrogen dioxide contamination, and to provide friction and wear reduction.

Abstract: A method of limiting the chemical degradation of hydrocarbonaceous liquids due to nitrogen dioxide contamination at elevated temperature comprises the addition thereto of an ionic liquid composed of a cation and a boron- and halogen-free, multi-functional aromatic anion, the ionic liquid serving to inhibit the nitration of hydrocarbonaceous liquid components that initiates degradation.

Abstract: An oil composition comprises at least 50 percent by mass, based on the mass of the composition, of an oil and 0.01 to 25 percent by mass, based on the mass of the composition, of a polymer comprising at least one poly(lactone) segment. The at least one poly(lactone) segment is derived from a lactone substituted by one or two hydrocarbyl groups, or substituted hydrocarbyl groups, at least one such group having at least 4 carbon atoms. The oil compositions are suitable for use in the lubrication of the crankcase of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A polymer comprising units having the structure (I): wherein x is 2 or 3, wherein L is (CH2)y, where y is an integer from 1 to 10, or wherein L is CH(CH3)CH2S(CH2)z, where z is an integer from 1 to 5; wherein [Q] is absent or is a polymerised moiety consisting of units having the structure (II): wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group, or a hydrocarbyl group containing one or more heteroatoms, wherein R may be linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, and wherein R has from 1 to 30 carbon atoms; wherein [Q] either consists of identical units of structure (II), or wherein [Q] consists of more than one different units of structure (II), differing in group R; and wherein X is a halogen or another chain terminating group. The polymers may find use as additives in lubricating compositions where they provide friction improvement and wear reduction.

Abstract: A booster additive concentrate may advantageously contain: (a) an anti-wear mixture of two or more phosphite/phosphate compounds and one or more ether/thioether compounds; (b) an ashless dispersant; (c) a calcium-containing detergent, such as an overbased calcium phenate; (d) ?2 friction modifiers, at least one of which comprises a polyalkylene polyamine succinimide derivative; (e) optionally a corrosion inhibitor; and (f) a lubricating oil basestock. Based on these additive components, the booster additive concentrate may exhibit specific contents of B/Ca/P and may contain minimal or substantially no additional antioxidants. Lubricant compositions can be made from the booster additive concentrates and a fresh/used lubricant oil composition “diluent,” which can rejuvenate the diluent. Such lubricant compositions can have advantageous anti-shudder durability (ASD) lifetimes and other frictional properties.

Abstract: A VM concentrate comprising: from about 60 to about 95 parts (and at least 50 wt %) of a diluent oil (e.g., having a KV100 of about 2 cSt to about 40 cSt); and from about 5 parts to about 40 parts (and at least 6.0 wt %) of a linear triblock copolymer characterized by the formula: D?-PA-D?; wherein D? represents a block derived from diene, PA represents a block derived from monoalkenyl arene, D? represents a block derived from diene, and the linear triblock copolymer is present in an amount effective to modify a lubricating kinematic viscosity at approximately 100° C. (KV100) of the concentrate, and wherein the KV100 of the concentrate is about 3000 cSt or less. The linear triblock copolymer may additionally or alternatively have a thickening efficiency span of at most 0.5.

Abstract: A comb copolymer viscosity modifier may be made by polymerization comprising at least, or consisting essentially of, the following monomers: (a) a hydrogenated polybutadiene-based (alk)acrylate ester macromonomer (which repeat units may comprise from 7.0 wt % to 18 wt % of the repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier); (b) a C3-C8 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer (which repeat units may comprise from 40 wt % to 71 wt % or from 45 wt % to 64 wt % of the repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier); and (c) a C12-C24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer, wherein repeat units based on the C12-C24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer comprise at least 21.0 wt % (and optionally up to 35.0 wt %) of repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier. Lubricant compositions comprising the comb copolymer viscosity modifier, as well as uses thereof and methods for modifying viscosity, are also contemplated herein.

Abstract: A comb copolymer viscosity modifier may be made by polymerization comprising at least, or consisting essentially of, the following monomers: (a) (optionally from 7.0 wt % to 18 wt %, by repeat units, of) a hydrogenated polybutadiene-based (alk)acrylate ester macromonomer; (b) (optionally from 33 wt % to 64 wt % or from 38 wt % to 58 wt %, by repeat units, of) a C3-C8 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer; (c) (optionally up to 35.0 wt %, by repeat units, of) a C12-C24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer; and (d) (optionally from 3.0 wt % to 27 wt %, by repeat units, of) a C6-C20 aryl, aralkyl, or alkaryl (alk)acrylate ester monomer, such that a sum of repeat units due to (c) plus (d) constitute at least 21.0 wt % of repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier. Lubricant compositions comprising the comb copolymer viscosity modifier, as well as uses thereof and methods for modifying viscosity and dispersancy, are also contemplated.

Abstract: A lubricating composition comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity, a metal-free pre-ceramic polymer and one or more co-additives. The metal-free pre-ceramic polymer comprises a plurality of repeat units which do not contain oxygen. The pre-ceramic polymers provide the lubricating oil composition with antiwear properties. Also described is a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine and the use of a lubricating oil composition containing a pre-ceramic polymers to inhibit wear in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A comb copolymer viscosity modifier may be made by polymerization comprising at least, or consisting essentially of, the following monomers: (a) a hydrogenated polybutadiene-based (alk)acrylate ester macromonomer (which repeat units may comprise from 7.0 wt % to 18 wt % of the repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier); (b) a C3-C8 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer (which repeat units may comprise from 40 wt % to 71 wt % or from 45 wt % to 64 wt % of the repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier); and (c) a C12-C24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer, wherein repeat units based on the C12-C24 alkyl (alk)acrylate ester monomer comprise at least 21.0 wt % (and optionally up to 35.0 wt %) of repeat units of the comb copolymer viscosity modifier. Lubricant compositions comprising the comb copolymer viscosity modifier, as well as uses thereof and methods for modifying viscosity, are also contemplated herein.

Abstract: The capacity of a crude oil to solvate and/or disperse asphaltenes is increased by providing a crude oil which includes an additive comprising (i) a poly(butylenyl)bezene sulphonic acid; or, (ii) a poly(propylenyl)benzene sulphonic acid; or, (iii) a combination of a poly(butylenyl)bezene sulphonic acid and a poly(propylenyl)benzene sulphonic acid.

Abstract: Fouling in a refinery vessel, such as heat transfer equipment, used in a petroleum refinery operation and in which a refineable petroleum feedstock is at an elevated temperature and in fluid communication with the refinery vessel during a petroleum refinery operation, is reduced by providing in the refineable petroleum feedstock an additive comprising (i) a poly(butylenyl)benzene sulphonic acid; or, (ii) a poly(propylenyl)benzene sulphonic acid; or, (iii) a combination of a poly(butylenyl)benzene sulphonic acid and a poly(propylenyl)benzene sulphonic acid.