Abstract: A low viscosity lubricating oil composition having a CCS viscosity less than 3500 mPa.s at −25° C. and having no more than 0.16 mass % of phosphorus which comprises a dispersant, and a detergent of calcium or magnesium or both; and optionally a zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate, a viscosity modifier, a pour point depressant and an antioxidant. The oil satisfies the Cummins M11 cross-head wear engine test specification in a low phosphorus and low viscosity formulation.

Abstract: Soot induced kinematic viscosity increase of lubricating oil compositions for heavy duty diesel engines equipped with EGR systems operating in a condensing mode can be ameliorated by selection of viscosity modifier, lubricating oil flow improvers, detergents and dispersants.

Abstract: An energy conserving power transmission fluid composition comprising: (a) from 1 to 49 wt. % of a polyalphaolefin base stock having a kinematic viscosity of from 40 mm2/s at 100° C. to 500 mm2/s at 100° C.; (b) from 1 to 95 wt. % of a lubricant basestock having a kinematic viscosity of from 2 mm2/s at 100° C. to 10 mm2/s at 100° C.; (c) from 1 to 49 wt. % of a polyol ester of a C5 to C30 aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and a polyol of the formula R(OH)n where n is at least 2, and (d) an effective amount of a performance additive package selected from the group consisting of automotive gear oil additive packages, manual transmission fluid additive packages and automatic transmission fluid additive packages, provided that the composition has a kinematic viscosity of at least 4 mm2/s at 100° C.

Abstract: An improved process for the manufacture of monoesters of polyhydroxyalcohols to high yields and high purities.

Abstract: A power transmission fluid comprising a mixture of a major amount of a lubricating oil and an effective amount of a performance enhancing additive combination comprising: (a) at least one organic phosphate having the structure R1—X2—P(:X1)(R2X3)—X—R5 where R1, and R2 may independently be substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl or cycloalkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and X, X1, X2 and X3 may independently be sulfur or oxygen. R1 and R2 may also contain substituent hetero atoms, in addition to carbon and hydrogen, such as chlorine, sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen; wherein R5 is derived from a reactive olefin and can be either CH2—CHR—C(:O)O—R6; —CH2—CR7HR8; or R9—OC(:O)CH2—CH—C(:O)O—R10 where R is H or the same as R1, R6, R7, R9 and R10 are the same as R1 and R8 is a phenyl or alkyl or alkenyl substituted phenyl moiety, the moiety having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, (b) a calcium detergent, and (c) a friction modifier.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition suitable for a trunk piston marine diesel engine. The lubricating oil composition comprises an admixture of: (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity, in a major amount; and (B) an oil-soluble complex overbased metal detergent additive, in a minor amount. The composition is substantially dispersant-free or contains 1, or less than 1, preferably less than 0.5, mass % based on the mass of the compositions, of a dispersant. The composition has a TBN in the range of 3.5 to 100, preferably 8 to 100.

Abstract: A low-phosphorus lubricant comprises: an oil of lubricating viscosity; a nitrogen-containing and a nitrogen-free dispersant; a metal dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate; and a hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acid derivative, the ratio of the dispersants being such as to provide suitable fluoroelastomer seal compatibility.

Abstract: A gas-fuelled engine lubricating oil composition having a TBN in the range of 2 to 20 and comprising: (A) oil of lubricating viscosity; (B) a salicylate detergent having a TBN of 95 or less; (C) a detergent having a TBN of greater than 250; (D) an ashless dispersant; and (E) an anti-wear additive.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition suitable for a two-stroke cross-head marine diesel engine. The lubricating oil composition comprises a base oil and an oil-soluble overbased metal detergent additive in the form of a complex wherein the basic material of the detergent is stabilized by more than one surfactant.

Abstract: The lubricating compositions of the present invention are designed for use in a four stroke outboard marine engine and contain an oil of lubricating viscosity, an ashless dispersant, a metal detergent, a rust inhibitor, a relatively high amount of ZDDP, and an amount of a molybdenum compound sufficient to provide the composition with 15-1,000 ppm by mass of molybdenum. An amount of about 15 ppm to 1,000 ppm by mass of molybdenum from a molybdenum compound has been found to be effective as an antiwear agent in combination with the high levels of ZDDP.

Abstract: Oil-soluble overbased salicylate-phenate detergent additives comprising a complex in which the basic material of the detergent is stabilized by both salicylate and phenate surfactants. The mass % of the salicylate, as a percentage of the total surfactant mass, is at least 50, preferably greater than 50, provided that, when said mass % is less than 60, the TBN: mass % surfactant ratio of the detergent is 10 or less.

Abstract: Compositions comprising (a) an ethylene-mixed unsaturated ester copolymer or (b) two or more ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymers differing, for example, in their ester chains improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils.

Abstract: A gas-fuelled engine lubricating oil composition that is substantially free from anti-oxidant additives. The gas-fuelled engine lubricating oil composition exhibits good resistance to oil oxidation and nitration and improved corrosion resistance. The composition includes: (i) an oil of lubricating viscosity; (ii) a detergent composition including at least one calcium salicylate having a TBN in the range from 70 to 245; (iii) 0 to 0.2 mass % of nitrogen, based on the mass of the oil composition, of a dispersant; and (iv) a minor amount of one or more co-additives.

Abstract: A marine engine lubricating oil composition for a slow or medium speed diesel engine comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity that contains a minor amount of a fuel oil with a residual fuel content and, admixed therewith, a minor amount of at least one oil-soluble or oil-dispersible ashless organic compound having at least two adjacent, substitutable carbon atoms being either part of an aromatic moiety or being connected by a double bond, each carrying an O— or O— and N-containing functional group, both groups being derived from a carboxy group.

Abstract: Overbased detergent additives for lubricating oils comprise an organic substantially aromatic carboxylate, such as an alkylsalicylate, as a surfactant and have a TBN of 200 or greater, an active ingredient content of 70 mass % or greater, a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of less than 1000 mm2s−1 and a basicity index (BI) of less than 13.

Abstract: The cylinders of a two-stroke cross-head marine diesel engine characterised by a power output of 4,000 kW per cylinder or greater are lubricated by a cylinder lubricant comprising a basestock of lubricating viscosity, on overbased metal detergent and an oil-soluble sulfur-containing compound or phosphorus-containing compound, thereby to raise the onset temperature of scuffing-type mechanical wear of the cylinder walls.

Abstract: Process for the copolymerization of free radical polymerizable comonomers such as vinyl acetate with an unsaturated diester such as diakyl fumarate which is carried out in the presence of water to produce copolymers such as fumarate vinyl acetate copolymers useful as lubricating oil and fuel oil additives, for example, as wax crystal modifiers and flow improvers.

Abstract: Oil-soluble or oil-dispersible trinuclear molybdenum-sulfur compounds are made by reacting, in a polar medium, a reactant molybdenum compound containing an anion that possesses a trinuclear molybdenum core, and a dithiocarbamate that is produced in situ.

Abstract: The residual chlorine content of a polyolefin-substituted carboxylic acylating agent formed by a chlorine-assisted reaction of a polyolefin and an &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic reactant can be reduced by heating the polyolefin-substituted carboxylic acylating agent having a residual chlorine content in the presence of an &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic reactant, optionally in the further presence of a sulfonic acid. Residual chlorine content can be further reduced by using, in the reaction of the polyolefin &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic reactant, a high speed mixer provided with a dual pitch blade.

Abstract: Specific esters of specific alkoxylated alcohols in combination with other cold flow improvers provide oils with improved low temperature properties.