Abstract: Use of non-A modification of a poly(A) tail in promoting mRNA translation. It is found, by analyzing the poly(A) tails of human and mouse cells and mRNA translation, that the non-A modification of the poly(A) tail is positively correlated with the translation efficiency. Genetic analysis shows that GLD-4, an atypical poly(A) polymerase in a nematode, can regulate translation by establishing the poly(A) tail non-A modification. Furthermore, it has been proved by experiments that the non-A modification of a poly(A) tail can effectively promote mRNA translation, and the addition of G, C and U in the poly(A) tail can promote mRNA translation and improves the content of corresponding proteins. Therefore, it is proposed that the non-A modification of a poly(A) tail can be used as a new technical means for effectively promoting mRNA translation.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for creating novel herbicide resistant plants by base editing techniques and a method for screening endogenous gene mutation sites capable of conferring herbicide resistance in plants. The invention also relates to the use of the identified endogenous gene mutantation sites in crop breeding.

Abstract: The invention disclosed a method for conducting site-directed modification to a plant genome using non-inheritable materials. The method provided in the present invention specifically comprises the following steps: introducing a non-inheritable material into a cell or a tissue or a part of the plant of interest; wherein said non-inheritable material is a nuclease specific to said target fragment or an mRNA expressing said nuclease, thereby the target fragment is cleaved by said nuclease and site-directed modification to the target fragment is achieved through DNA repairing in the plant. By introducing a non-inheritable material of sequence-specific nuclease, site-directed mutation in a plant gene can be achieved, and no exogenous gene or nucleic acid fragments will be integrated into the plant as obtained. Therefore, the present invention can lead to more precise genome function study and higher biosafety in breeding.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for increasing nitrogen uptake, nitrogen assimilation, nitrogen use efficiency as well as yield in a plant, without affecting plant height, the method comprising increasing the expression or levels of a growth regulatory factor (GRF). Also described are genetically altered plants characterised by the above phenotype as well as methods of producing such plants.

Abstract: Provided relates to the field of genetic engineering. In particular, a method for base editing in plant is provided. More specifically, a highly efficient A to G base editing method for a target sequence in a genome of a plant (e.g., a crop plant) by a guide RNA-directed CRISPR-adenine deaminase fusion protein and the plant and their progeny produced by the method are provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for obtaining glyphosate-resistant rice by a site-directed nucleotide substitution, and also relates to a method capable of generating a site-directed nucleotide substitution and a fragment substitution. The method for obtaining a glyphosate-resistant plant provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: only substituting threonine (T) at position 8 of the amino acid sequence of a conserved region of endogenous EPSPS protein of a target plant with isoleucine (I), and substituting proline (P) at position 12 with serine (S) to obtain a plant, i.e., a glyphosate-resistant plant. The method provided by the present invention is of great significance in breeding new herbicide-resistant plant varieties.

Abstract: A method of modifying an upstream open reading frame (uORF) by genome editing technique to regulate gene expression.

Abstract: Provided are an improved genome editing system and a method that has high specificity, which are capable of obtaining stable mutation types. The system includes an expression construct including a coding sequence of a gRNA targeting at least one genomic target sequence; an expression construct including a coding sequence of a CRISPR nuclease; and an expression construct including a coding sequence for a gRNA targeting a target sequence within the coding sequence of the CRISPR nuclease. Upon introduction into the cell, the gRNA targeting the at least one genomic target sequence directs the CRISPR nuclease to the at least one genomic target sequence and results in one or more mutations in the genomic target sequence, and the gRNA targeting a target sequence within the coding sequence of the CRISPR nuclease directs the CRISPR nuclease to the target sequence within the coding sequence of the CRISPR nuclease and results in an inactivating mutation of the CRISPR nuclease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of plant genetic engineering. In particular, the present invention relates to acetolactate synthase (ALS) mutants, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) mutants, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) mutants and/or p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxidase (HPPD) mutants capable of conferring herbicide resistance in plants, especially in wheat and/or rice plants, and methods for production herbicide-resistant plants, especially wheat and/or rice plants comprising said acetolactate synthase (ALS) mutants and/or protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) mutants and/or acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) mutants and/or p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxidase (HPPD) mutants.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for increasing plant yield, and in particular grain yield by reducing or abolishing the expression and/or activity of OTUB1 in a plant. Also described are genetically altered plants characterised by the above phenotype and methods of producing such plants.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for base editing in plants. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for performing efficient base editing to a target sequence in the genome of a plant (such as a crop plant) by a Cas9-cytidine deaminase fusion protein, as well as plants produced through said method and progenies thereof.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for site-directed modification of whole plant through gene transient expression. The method as provided for conducting site-directed modification to a target fragment of a target gene in a whole plant comprises the following steps: transiently expressing a sequence-specific nuclease in said plant, wherein a whole plant is used as the subject for transient expression, said sequence-specific nuclease targets and cleaves said target fragment, thereby the site-directed modification is achieved via the self DNA repairing of said plant.

Abstract: This invention relates to a plant E3 ubiquitin ligase (termed DA2) which acts synergistically with DA1 to control seed and organ size. Methods of increasing plant yield are provided that comprise reducing the expression or activity of DA2 in a plant that is deficient in DA1 expression or activity. Plants with increased yield and methods of producing such plants are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for creating novel herbicide resistant plants by base editing techniques and a method for screening endogenous gene mutation sites capable of conferring herbicide resistance in plants. The invention also relates to the use of the identified endogenous gene mutantation sites in crop breeding.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for site-directed modification of whole plant through gene transient expression. The method as provided for conducting site-directed modification to a target fragment of a target gene in a whole plant comprises the following steps: transiently expressing a sequence-specific nuclease in said plant, wherein a whole plant is used as the subject for transient expression, said sequence-specific nuclease targets and cleaves said target fragment, thereby the site-directed modification is achieved via the self DNA repairing of said plant.

Abstract: Provided is a gene editing system for editing a target sequence in the genome of a cell, comprising a CRISPR nuclease, a cytosine deaminase, an AP lyase, a guide RNA and optionally an uracil-DNA glycosylase. Also provided are a method of producing a genetically modified cell, and a kit comprising the gene editing system.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for creating novel herbicide resistant plants by base editing techniques and a method for screening endogenous gene mutation sites capable of conferring herbicide resistance in plants. The invention also relates to the use of the identified endogenous gene mutantation sites in crop breeding.

Abstract: Provided is a three dimensional tissue scaffold comprising a stem cell attracting element associated with a matrix, and fusion protein of stem cell attracting factor and collagen-binding domain, and methods of uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel methods for discovering traits and generating cellular systems having improved phenotypes. In particular, the present invention provides methods for the development of plants having agronomically optimized phenotypes by using targeted mutagenesis with few or no off-target effects. Targeted mutagenesis is achieved by the introduction of a base editor complex or of a STEME complex comprising an array of guide RNAs targeting a nucleic acid sequence of interest. The present invention also relates to cellular systems obtained by the methods described herein and to the use of a base editor complex or the STEME complex comprising an array of guide RNAs for generating a cellular system having an agronomically important phenotype and for identification of an agronomically important phenotype.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for targeted editing in a plant, a plant cell or material, which is combined with the parallel introduction of a phenotypically selectable trait. Furthermore, methods are provided not comprising a step of introducing a transgenic selection marker sequence.