Abstract: In an automated method for in vivo multiple cell patch clamping, cell patch clamping devices are automatically moved into position and targeted to multiple corresponding cells. Cell contact is determined by analyzing the temporal series of measured resistance levels at the clamping devices as they are moved. The difference between successive resistance levels is computed and compared to a threshold, which must be exceeded for a minimum number of computations before neuron contact is assumed. Pneumatic control methods are used to achieve cell-attached or gigaseal formation and subsequent cell break-in, leading to whole-cell patch clamp formation. An automated robotic system automatically performs patch clamping in vivo, automatically detecting cells according to the methodology by analyzing the temporal sequence of electrode impedance changes.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound having the structure: wherein R1 is H, halogen, —NR5R6, —NR5—C(?O)—R6, —NH—C(?O)—OR7, —OR7, —NO2, —CN, —SR7, —SO2R7, —CO2R7, CF3, —SOR7, —POR7, —C(?S)R7, —C(?O)—NR5R6, —CH2—C(?O)—NR5R6, —C(?NR5)R6, —P(?O)(OR5)(OR6), —P(OR5)(OR6), —C(?S)R7, C1-5 alkyl, C2-5 alkenyl, C2-5 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl, wherein R5, R6, and R7 and are each, independently, H, C1-5 alkyl, C2-5 alkenyl, C2-5 alkynyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; m is an integer from 0 to 2; R2 and R3 are each, independently, H, halogen, —NH2, —CX3, —C(?O)OR8, C(?O)R8, —C(?O)NR9R10, C1-10 alkyl, C2-10 alkenyl, C2-10 alkynyl, heteroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein X is Cl, Br, or F; R8, R9 and R10 are each, independently, H, C1-5 alkyl, C2-5 alkenyl, C2-5 alkynyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; Q is —Ar1—Z— or —Z—Ar1—Z—, wherein Ar1 is aryl or heteroaryl; and each occurrence of Z is independently present or

Abstract: A device and method for inserting a tool into a pipeline transporting a fluid. The device includes a housing that is attachable to a vertical fitting applied on the pipeline, and a launch tube supported by the housing and including a tool passageway through which a tool is fed. The launch tube moves relative to the housing to raise and lower a shoe at an end of the launch tube into the pipeline. The shoe is and adapted to insert a tool into the pipeline at an angle to the launch tube.

Abstract: Presented herein are articles and methods featuring substrates with thin, uniform polymeric films grafted (e.g., covalently bonded) thereupon. The resulting coating provides significant reductions in thermal resistance, drop shedding size, and degradation rate during dropwise condensation of steam compared to existing coatings. Surfaces that promote dropwise shedding of low-surface tension condensates, such as liquid hydrocarbons, are also demonstrated herein.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for reducing wireless traffic by controlling a management frame of an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN), the AP including a beacon frame generator to generate a beacon frame, a probe response generator to generate a probe response frame, and a management frame control unit to control at least one of a period of the beacon frame and a number of retransmissions of the probe response frame, based on at least one of a power consumption of the AP, a system load imposed on a system including the AP, and an emergency level related to whether an emergency occurs.

Abstract: A method and system for communicating between devices according to the present invention are provided. The method for communicating between the devices according to the present invention is used for communicating with a first terminal, and is carried out in a device having a capacitive touch screen. The method includes: detecting a change in capacitance for a specific part of the capacitive touch screen, which occurs by means of the first terminal; and acquiring information transferred from the first terminal on the basis of the detected change in capacitance of the capacitive touch screen. The communicating method using such a touch screen may be easily used for various services such as authenticating terminals or transferring files between local terminals.

Abstract: The precise placement device includes: a direction controller to which a placement unit having an insert and a drill is mounted, the direction controller controlling a direction of the placement unit; a precise transfer unit to which the direction controller is mounted, the precise transfer unit transferring the placement unit in the planar two-axis direction; a support table for fixing a target for insertion in which the insert is to be placed; and transfer units for transferring the precise transfer unit and the operating table.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for measuring clock skew between two remote hosts connected through a computer network. According to some examples, pairs of probe packets, also referred to as a compound probe, may be transmitted over an end-to-end path in both directions (forward and reverse paths) to measure a gap value at the end nodes for clock skew estimation. Compound probes may arrive at the end nodes with a zero dispersion gap (no separation) and the gap values along the forward and reverse paths may be determined by a capacity of the links connected to the end nodes added to the clock speeds of the measuring nodes upon arriving at the end nodes. The link capacity is a constant network parameter. Thus, the ratio of the measured gap values may provide an estimate of clock speed discrepancy between the end nodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating an amyloid ?-caused disease, which comprises as an active ingredient a NIa (nuclear inclusion a) protease or a gene carrier containing a nucleotide sequence encoding the NIa protease. The pharmaceutical composition of this invention is very effective to treat a variety of diseases or disorders, inter alia, Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: A method for joining materials such as metal alloys that includes a first component, wherein the first component includes a first alloy having a known austenization temperature below which martensite forms when the component is heated and then cooled at a predetermined rate of cooling; a second component, wherein the second component includes a second alloy; and a welding apparatus operative to create a weld between the first and second components without crossing the austenization temperature of the first alloy.

Abstract: Provided are a smart card service method and an apparatus for performing the same. The smart card service method includes receiving a certificate generation request from a terminal, transmitting the certificate generation request to an authentication processing device, and storing credential information with respect to the generated certificate in a virtual machine associated with the terminal in response to a certificate generation success message provided from the authentication processing device. Thus, it is possible to reduce costs in accordance with manufacturing smart card hardware, and support smart card services in a more enhanced security environment.

Abstract: A variable-period permanent-magnet undulator which is applicable not only to a planar undulator but also to a helical undulator, in which permanent-magnets and ferromagnetic substances are alternately arranged, and the ferromagnetic substance interposed between the permanent-magnets is saturated to thus enable the magnets to be effectively spaced apart from each other by the repulsive force between the permanent-magnets, thereby adjusting the period of the magnetic field in an easy and precise manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite body in which first metal-containing particles and second metal-containing particles are supported on a carbon material or connected by a carbon material, and a method for producing the same. The above composite body can, if the first metal-containing particles exhibit a catalytic activity, be applied as a reaction catalyst and can also be used in various fields such as the manufacture of the adsorbent or the separation membrane.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the same. An example device may include: a substrate having a well formed therein, the well including a first section and a second section, wherein the first section has a lower doping concentration and is closer to a surface of the substrate than the second section; a fin structure formed on the surface of the substrate; an isolation layer formed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the isolation layer exposes a portion of the fin structure, which serves as a fin for the semiconductor device; a gate stack formed on the isolation layer and intersecting the fin, wherein a Punch-Through Stopper (PTS) is formed in only a region directly under a portion of the fin where the fin intersects the gate stack.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of identifying wound healing metakaryotic stem cells, identifying molecules to modulate proliferation and/or migration of metakaryotic stem cells and molecules to treat wound healing disorders, such as blood vessel wound healing disorders, including restenosis. The invention also provides methods of diagnosing and treating wound healing disorders, such as blood vessel wound healing disorders and also of treating wounds by the use of metakaryotic stem cell transplant(s).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pyrrolopyridine derivative represented by the Chemical Formula I, and a racemate or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and relates to an antiviral composition including the same as an active ingredient. The compound of the Chemical Formula I has excellent antiviral activity and selectivity for wild type and resistant HIV-1, and thereby is useful as a therapeutic agent for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Abstract: The disclosure provides a surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate, including: a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-active substrate; a patterned hydrophilic region and a patterned hydrophobic region formed on the SERS-active substrate, wherein a water contact angle difference between the patterned hydrophilic region and the patterned hydrophobic region is in a range from about 29 degrees to about 90 degrees.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for transmitting radio frequency signals. In the method according to the present invention, a plurality of antenna groups may be arranged for achieving array gain and multiplexing gain at the same time, and the plurality of antenna groups are located far from each other so that they have no correlation, and antennas of the same group are located adjacent to each other so that they have correlation. Accordingly, system capacity as well as capacity of data channel and control channel may be significantly increased through mitigation of inter-cell interference and enhancement of cell edge performance.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for measuring quality of a holographic image are disclosed. The apparatus for measuring the quality of the holographic image may include an obtaining unit to obtain a hologram, a reconstruction unit to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) holographic image by irradiating the hologram with a light source, a measuring unit to measure depth of the reconstructed holographic image, and an analysis unit to analyze depth representation quality of the holographic image base on the measured depth of the holographic image.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating a differentiation status of cells using a culture supernatant of stem cells. Provided is “undifferentiation sugar chain marker” composed of the sugar chain structure “Fuc?1-2Gal?1-3GlcNAc” or “Fuc?1-2Gal?1-3GalNAc” and capable of sensitively determining the undifferentiated state of stem cells using a culture supernatant of stem cells. Also found is BC2LCN lectin or a modified product thereof capable of sensitively recognizing the “undifferentiation sugar chain marker” as excellent “probe for detecting the undifferentiation sugar chain marker” capable of determining the undifferentiation status of cells using a culture supernatant.