Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for synthesizing ramalin, and more particularly to a method for synthesizing ramalin, which comprises allowing 2-hydrazinylphenol to react with L-glutamic acid having a protected carboxyl group at C-1 and a protected amino group at C-2, and a method for preventing decomposition of the ramalin. According to the present invention, ramalin having excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities can be synthesized in high yield, and thus can be produced in large amounts. In addition, ramalin can be stably maintained for a long period of time, and thus can be easily used for industrial purposes.

Abstract: Provided are methods for producing nanostructures and nanostructures obtained thereby. The methods include heating a certain point of a substrate dipped into a precursor solution of the nanostructures so that the nanostructures are grown in a liquid phase environment without evaporation of the precursor solution. The methods show excellent cost-effectiveness because of the lack of a need for precursor evaporation at high temperature. In addition, unlike the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process performed in a vapor phase, the method includes growing nanostructures in a liquid phase environment, and thus provides excellent safety and eco-friendly characteristics as well as cost-effectiveness. Further, the method includes locally heating a substrate dipped into a precursor solution merely at a point where the nanostructures are to be grown, so that the nanostructures are grown directly at a desired point of the substrate. Therefore, it is possible to grow and produce nanostructures directly in a device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a media content reception method for providing augmenting media contents using graphic objects, including: receiving metadata including information representing each event of any one of broadcast contents or moving picture contents, and any one of the broadcast contents or the moving picture contents and graphic object related information associated with events, the events including at least one of a specific scene, a specific situation, and a specific phenomenon of any one of the broadcast contents or the moving picture contents; analyzing the received metadata; designating the graphic objects to correspond to each event within any one of the broadcast contents or the moving picture contents based on the analyzed metadata; and displaying the designated graphic objects to meet each event at the time of playing any one of the broadcast contents or the moving picture contents.

Abstract: Compounds of Formulas I-XLIII are identified as direct inhibitors of p97 ATPase or of the degradation of a p97-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) substrate. Methods and compositions are disclosed for inhibiting p97 ATPase and the degradation of a p97-dependent UPS substrate, and for identifying inhibitors thereof.

Abstract: A detector array and method for making the detector array. The detector array includes a substrate including a plurality of trenches formed therein, and a plurality of collectors electrically isolated from each other, formed on the walls of the trenches, and configured to collect charged particles incident on respective ones of the collectors and to output from the collectors signals indicative of charged particle collection. In the detector array, adjacent ones of the plurality of trenches are disposed in a staggered configuration relative to one another. The method forms in a substrate a plurality of trenches across a surface of the substrate such that adjacent ones of the trenches are in a staggered sequence relative to one another, forms in the plurality of trenches a plurality of collectors, and connects a plurality of electrodes respectively to the collectors.

Abstract: The invention provides techniques for drawing fibers that include conducting, semiconducting, and insulating materials in intimate contact and prescribed geometries. The resulting fiber exhibits engineered electrical and optical functionalities along extended fiber lengths. The invention provides corresponding processes for producing such fibers, including assembling a fiber preform of a plurality of distinct materials, e.g., of conducting, semiconducting, and insulating materials, and drawing the preform into a fiber.

Abstract: A fiber-based reflective lighting device. The lighting device includes a source configured to generate a primary light, a substrate including a mat of reflective nanofibers, and a light exit configured to emanate the reflected light. The fibers have an average fiber diameter AFD less than 500 nm which diffusively reflects visible light upon illumination with at least the primary light. The mat has a basis weight less than 40 gram per square meter (gsm) and a reflectance greater than 80%.

Abstract: For the present ferromagnetic tunnel junction structure, employed is a means characterized by using an MgO barrier and using a Co2FeAl full-Heusler alloy for any of the ferromagnetic layers therein. The ferromagnetic tunnel junction structure is characterized in that Co2FeAl includes especially a B2 structure and one of the ferromagnetic layers is formed on a Cr buffer layer. The magnetoresistive element is characterized in that the ferromagnetic tunnel junction structure therein is any of the above-mentioned ferromagnetic tunnel junction structure. Accordingly, a large TMR, especially a TMR over 100% at room temperature can be attained, using Co2FeAl having a smallest ? though not a half-metal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of purifying betulonic acid contained the reaction product of organic synthesis of a Jones oxidation reagent and betulin extracted from the bark of a birch, a method of preparing a piperazine betulonic acid amide derivative, which is used as a chemical having an antibacterial function, using the high-purity betulonic acid obtained by the purification method and a derivative prepared by this method, a method of purifying a Boc-lysinated betulonic acid monomer ester contained in the reaction product of organic synthesis of lysine and the high-purity betulonic acid (starting material) obtained by the purification method, and a method of purifying Boc-lysinated betulonic acid contained in the reaction product of hydrolysis of the high-purity Boc-lysinated betulonic acid monomer ester.

Abstract: Provided is an access point grouping method to be performed in a high speed mobile environment and a communication system using the access point grouping method. A system capacity may be improved by grouping users having different movement speeds with respect to various channel environments classified based on existence of an LOS channel, and by performing beamforming. Channel information with respect to a user moving at a high speed may not be required, and thus overhead may be reduced.

Abstract: An on-chip temperature sensor circuit can be implemented in a standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process using PNP transistors. A pair of transistors have collector currents that are sensitive to voltage, both directly and due to saturation currents. A scaling resistor connects to the emitter of one transistor and its voltage compared to the other transistor's emitter voltage by an error amplifier that generates a bias voltage to current sources that are proportional to absolute temperature since the saturation current sensitivity is subtracted out. The current is mirrored to sink current through a multiplier resistor from an output. An amplifier connected across the multiplier resistor compares a reference voltage to set the DC bias independent of temperature sensitivity. The temperature sensitivity is proportional to the ratio of the multiplier resistor and the scaling resistor, and is multiplied by a mirroring factor. A differential output may also be provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is an internal circulation resin ion exchange adsorption reactor with a mechanical stirrer. The upper part ?˜? of the reactor main body is an open cylinder and the lower part ?˜? is a cone-shaped body with a slope of 30°±10°. A bell-jar shaped reaction slot with a turbine water stirrer inside is located in the center of the reactor main body. The reactor main body is equipped with a cylindrical guide plate. A water collection weir, an inclined tube separator and an annular resin collection hopper are located between the shell of the reactor main body and the guide plate. The reactor is equipped with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. A resin removal pipe is connected with the annular resin collection hopper and a resin desorption slot respectively, and a regenerated resin reflux pipe is connected to the bell-jar shaped reaction slot.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic/inorganic composite film, which includes a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and inorganic nano-platelets dispersed therein. A weight ratio of the PVDF and the inorganic nano-platelets is between about 97:3 and 20:80. The inorganic nano-platelets have a particle size of about 20-80 nm, wherein the organic/inorganic composite film has a transparency of greater than about 85% at a wavelength between 380 and 780 nm. In addition, a method for forming the organic/inorganic composite film is also provided.

Abstract: A low-dielectric constant thin film prepared from a silsesquioxane polymer matrix as a precursor and a method for preparing the same which comprises preparing silsesquioxane sol by adding a stereoisomer of a multi reactive cyclosiloxane to an alkoxysilane are provided. The low-dielectric-constant thin film retains a stable film state even at a curing temperature of ?500° C. without being decomposed, a very uniform surface property with a low surface modulus, and a superior coatability as to be coatable smoothly with no crack even with a thickness of 500 nm or larger.

Abstract: A method of treating a fatty liver disease in a subject. The method comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a cholinergic pathway stimulating agent, wherein the fatty liver disease is selected from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), alcoholic fatty liver (AFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), NASH-associated liver fibrosis, ASH-associated liver fibrosis, non-alcoholic cirrhosis, and alcoholic cirrhosis.

Abstract: Thermoelectric materials with high figures of merit, ZT values, are disclosed. In many instances, such materials include nano-sized domains (e.g., nanocrystalline), which are hypothesized to help increase the ZT value of the material (e.g., by increasing phonon scattering due to interfaces at grain boundaries or grain/inclusion boundaries). The ZT value of such materials can be greater than about 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 1.8, 2 and even higher. Such materials can be manufactured from a thermoelectric starting material by generating nanoparticles therefrom, or mechanically alloyed nanoparticles from elements which can be subsequently consolidated (e.g., via direct current induced hot press) into a new bulk material. Non-limiting examples of starting materials include bismuth, lead, and/or silicon-based materials, which can be alloyed, elemental, and/or doped. Various compositions and methods relating to aspects of nanostructured thermoelectric materials (e.g., modulation doping) are further disclosed.

Abstract: A received signal strength indicator is provided. The received signal strength indicator includes a plurality of differential amplifiers forming an amplifier chain for amplifying differential signals and a plurality of rectifiers for rectifying signals output from the plurality of differential amplifiers and the differential signals, and a low pass filter for combining the signals rectified by the plurality of rectifiers to output received signal strength. Each rectifier includes a class AB voltage-current converter for converting a differential voltage into a current, and two triode transistors.

Abstract: A gas barrier substrate including a first gas barrier layer, a substrate, and a second gas barrier layer is provided. The first gas barrier layer has a central bonding surface bonded with the substrate and a peripheral boding surface surrounding the central bonding surface. The second gas barrier layer entirely covers the substrate and the first gas barrier layer. The second gas barrier layer is bonded with the substrate and the peripheral boding surface of the first gas barrier layer, wherein a minimum distance from an edge of the substrate to an edge of the first gas barrier layer is greater than a thickness of the first gas barrier layer.

Abstract: One type of battery quick-change system of electric passenger car chassis based on the Cartesian coordinate robot, including electric changing platform, and this platform, quick-change robot and charging rack along the same straight line; the quick-change robot comprises the battery tray and the Cartesian coordinate robot of four degrees of freedom, the Cartesian coordinate robot is associated with the X-axis driving motor, the Y-axis driving motor, the Z-axis up-down motor, the battery tray is connected with the R-axis driving motor; each of driving motors is connected with the corresponding encoder, and each of encoders is connected to the corresponding drive; there are equipped with a distance measuring sensor on the battery tray, and the corresponding limit switches on the both ends of each two-track rack; the drive, each limit switch and the distance measuring sensor of each driving motor are connected with the control system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low environmental burden type coating method using carbon dioxide and a coating device therefor that carry out carbon dioxide coating in which carbon dioxide is substituted for all or a portion of a diluent solvent (thinner) used in organic solvent-based spray coating, the coating method being configured to prevent deposition of a polymer of a paint component that has entered as a result of backflow by preliminarily adding, to carbon dioxide, a true solvent component of the paint in at least an amount required for saturated solubility (20% to 50% per weight of carbon dioxide) to lower the dissolving power of carbon dioxide with respect to the true solvent component. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a coating method and a device therefor capable of considerably reducing VOC generation, and a coating method and a device therefor capable of performing stable carbon dioxide coating of a one-liquid curing type or two-liquid curing type paint.