Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for image data encoding/decoding. A method of decoding an image includes receiving a bitstream in which the image is encoded; obtaining index information for specifying a block division type of a current block in the image; and determining the block division type of the current block from a candidate group pre-defined in the decoding apparatus. The candidate group includes a plurality of candidate division types, including at least one of a non-division, a first quad-division, a second quad-division, a binary-division or a triple-division. The method also includes dividing the current block into a plurality of sub-blocks; and decoding each of the sub-blocks with reference to syntax information obtained from the bitstream.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus are disclosed. The method of decoding an image according to the present invention, comprises, generating a first prediction block of a current block, generating a second prediction block of the current block and generating a final prediction sample of the current block using a sample unit weighted sum of the first prediction block and the second prediction block, wherein a weight used for the sample unit weighted sum is determined based on a location of a current luma sample and a geometric prediction mode (GPM) boundary line for partitioning the current block.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for quantum circuit design for Toffoli-depth reduction. The method includes generating an in-place version of an input quantum circuit having a minimized Toffoli-count based on reversible function blocks forming a quantum circuit, detecting permutations corresponding to respective mixed polarity Toffoli gates included in the input quantum circuit, searching for a pair of gates capable of being processed in parallel, among the mixed polarity Toffoli gates, based on the permutations, and generating an output quantum circuit, the Toffoli-depth of which is reduced compared to the input quantum circuit, by changing the positions of the mixed polarity Toffoli gates such that the pair of gates is processed in parallel based on work qubits.

Abstract: A method of decoding an image, includes obtaining at least one offset for a picture, deriving a variable for scaling for the picture based on the at least one offset, and performing inter prediction based on the variable for scaling for the picture. The at least one offset is defined with a direction of scaling.

Abstract: A method for using foam fractionation to remove a PFAS contaminant from a water source is disclosed herein. The method includes providing a feed stream to an inlet of an active column. The method also includes introducing the feed stream into an interior of the active column. The method also includes flowing gas through an active column into the interior of the active column. The method also include rising gas through the feed stream in the interior of the active column to form gas bubbles in the feed stream. The method also includes forming a foam layer. The method also includes, in instances where insufficient foam is generated due to depletion of surfactant in the earlier columns, adding additional surfactant through ports located in various columns throughout the system to ensure the presence of sufficient surfactant in all columns and optimize the volume of foam produced in each stage.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for image data encoding/decoding. A method of decoding an image includes receiving a bitstream in which the image is encoded; obtaining index information for specifying a block division type of a current block in the image; and determining the block division type of the current block from a candidate group pre-defined in the decoding apparatus. The candidate group includes a plurality of candidate division types, including at least one of a non-division, a first quad-division, a second quad-division, a binary-division or a triple-division. The method also includes dividing the current block into a plurality of sub-blocks; and decoding each of the sub-blocks with reference to syntax information obtained from the bitstream.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for image data encoding/decoding. A method of decoding an image includes receiving a bitstream in which the image is encoded; obtaining index information for specifying a block division type of a current block in the image; and determining the block division type of the current block from a candidate group pre-defined in the decoding apparatus. The candidate group includes a plurality of candidate division types, including at least one of a non-division, a first quad-division, a second quad-division, a binary-division or a triple-division. The method also includes dividing the current block into a plurality of sub-blocks; and decoding each of the sub-blocks with reference to syntax information obtained from the bitstream.

Abstract: It discloses a communication system design method based on an intelligent omni-surface, comprising step 1: constructing an optimization problem by minimizing a total power consumption of the communication system as an objective function, the communication system being a communication system based on an intelligent omni-surface; step 2: setting a constraint condition for the optimization problem constructed in the step 1, the constraint condition comprising a minimum rate constraint of a user, a phase shift constraint of the intelligent omni-surface and a length constraint of an allocated time slot; and step 3: solving the optimization problem after setting with the constraint condition to obtain solution for minimizing the total power consumption of the system. When lowest rate requirements of all users are met, the method reduces the total power consumption of the system and realizes omnidirectional coverage of a communication area, and has a good application value.

Abstract: Methods and systems are directed to multiplex detection of a bacterial pathogen in a sample. A first biotinylated lysin-derived cell wall binding domain is complexed with an avidin layer on a surface. A first bacterial pathogen detection complex including a second biotinylated lysin-derived cell wall binding domain, a detection domain, and an avidin linker complexed between the cell wall binding domain and the detection domain is also provided. The cell wall binding domains are derived from an endolysin, autolysin, bacteriocin, or exolysin, and are configured to bind a cell wall of a target bacterial pathogen. The detection domain includes one or more enzymes, fluorescent material, or DNA for emitting a signal for detection. Target bacterial pathogens present in a sample can thus be detected in a sandwich assay exhibiting increased selectivity and reduced limit of detection relative to traditional ELISA.

Abstract: An image decoding method is disclosed in the present specification. A method of decoding an image, the method may comprises determining whether to perform a context update for a first syntax element of a current block, updating, on the basis of the determination, a context for entropy decoding of the first syntax element and generating, on the basis of the updated context, a bin for the first syntax element, and wherein whether to perform the context update is determined on the basis of the number of pre-decoded predetermined syntax elements for the current block.

Abstract: A system for the destruction of PFAS compounds through mineralization with reactive oxides is disclosed herein. The system includes an acquisition unit for obtaining reactive oxides. The system also includes a mixing unit operatively connected to the acquisition unit, where the mixing unit is configured to combine PFAS-contaminated waste with the reactive oxides. The system also includes a high-temperature treatment unit operatively connected to the mixing unit to subject the mixture of PFAS-contaminated waste and reactive oxides to a chemical reaction. The system includes a cooling unit operatively connected to the high-temperature treatment unit. The system includes a waste collection receptacle connected to the cooling unit. The system includes particulate vapor treatment systems, where PFAS-contaminated atmospheres from the high-temperature treatment unit and the cooling unit are captured to prevent emissions to the environment.

Abstract: A method of decoding an image, includes obtaining at least one offset for a picture, deriving a variable for scaling for the picture based on the at least one offset, and performing inter prediction based on the variable for scaling for the picture. The at least one offset is defined with a direction of scaling.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides cells comprising a Fas ligand (FasL) polypeptide and a cFLIP polypeptide. In certain embodiments, the cells further comprise an antigen-recognizing receptor (e.g., a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or a T cell receptor (TCR), or a TCR like fusion molecule). Also provided are uses of the cells for cell lysis of target cells expressing Fas, and for treating diseases or disorders, e.g., tumors.

Abstract: A magnet element includes a magnet part and a support made of an clastic resin and configured to support the magnet part, wherein the support is a foam.

Abstract: An image decoding method is disclosed in the present specification. An image decoding method according to the present invention may include: determining a prediction mode of a current block as IBC (Intra Block Copy) mode, deriving a candidate list for deriving a block vector of the current block and deriving a block vector of the current block by using the candidate list, wherein the candidate list is derived based on a size of the current block.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for image data encoding/decoding. A method of decoding an image includes receiving a bitstream in which the image is encoded; obtaining index information for specifying a block division type of a current block in the image; and determining the block division type of the current block from a candidate group pre-defined in the decoding apparatus. The candidate group includes a plurality of candidate division types, including at least one of a non-division, a first quad-division, a second quad-division, a binary-division or a triple-division. The method also includes dividing the current block into a plurality of sub-blocks; and decoding each of the sub-blocks with reference to syntax information obtained from the bitstream.

Abstract: A method for using foam fractionation to remove a PFAS contaminant from a water source is disclosed herein. The method includes providing a feed stream to an inlet of an active column, where the feed stream comprises the PFAS contaminant and water; introducing the feed stream into an interior of the active column; flowing gas through an active column into the interior of the active column; rising gas through the feed stream in the interior of the active column to form gas bubbles in the feed stream; forming a foam layer; passing the purified stream into a next column; continuously perform foam fractionation until the feed stream becomes a cleaned stream; collecting the foam layer; and disposing of the foam layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a dual enzyme amplification-based colorimetric sensor system for on-site detection of pathogens. The colorimetric sensor system according to the present disclosure may comprise a combination of the CRISPR/Cas12a system with an enzymatic reaction of urease, thereby facilitating on-site detection of pathogens without separate analytical equipment by analyzing the color change through dual enzyme amplification. In addition, it is possible to selectively change the target by changing the crRNA sequence depending on the target pathogen to be detected, which has the advantage of being applicable to various types of pathogens without limitation.

Abstract: A method of decoding an image, includes obtaining at least one offset for a picture, deriving a variable for scaling for the picture based on the at least one offset, and performing inter prediction based on the variable for scaling for the picture. The at least one offset is defined with a direction of scaling.

Abstract: A power generation function-equipped secondary battery using a thermoelectric element includes the thermoelectric element, the thermoelectric element being in contact with a heat medium that has a temperature equal to or higher than a temperature of outside air and not requiring a temperature difference between electrodes, and a secondary battery electrically connected to the thermoelectric element. The thermoelectric element includes a pair of electrodes having work functions different from each other.