Abstract: The present invention provides a sol of spinous silica-based particles in which silica-based particles having peculiar forms, spinous forms are dispersed in a solvent. The spinous silica-based particles have verrucous projections formed on surfaces of spherical silica-based particles. In the spinous particles, a value of the surface roughness (SA1/SA2, SA1 indicating a specific surface area measured by the BET method or the Sears method and SA2 indicating a specific surface area converted from an average particle diameter (D2) measured by the image analysis method) is in the range from 1.7 to 10. Furthermore the average diameter (D2) measured by the image analysis method is in the range from 7 to 150 nm.

Abstract: A nodular silica sol has a ratio of an average particle diameter (r) measured by the dynamic light scattering method versus a particle diameter (r?) converted to that of an equivalent sphere computed from an average specific surface area measured by means of the nitrogen absorption method (r/r?, referred to as “association ratio”) in a range from 1.2 to 10, the particle diameter (r?) in a range from 5 to 200 nm, and the specific surface area in a range from 13 to 550 m2/g. The nodular silica particles have heterogeneous forms, and contents of Ca and Mg contained in the nodular silica particles are below 1000 ppm against SiO2 respectively.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment apparatus includes a device (A) which is provided in an exhaust system and which selectively reduces NOx in an exhaust gas and a device (B) which is disposed upstream of the device (A) and which decomposes urea and supplies ammonia as a NOx reducing gas, the device (B) including a urea decomposition catalyst. The catalyst is [1] a zeolite catalyst which is composed of granular molded bodies including zeolite particles or which includes a catalyst layer composed of zeolite particles disposed on a support, or [2] a honeycomb catalyst or a membranous catalyst in which metal oxide particulates adhere to a conductive honeycomb substrate or netlike support, and the metal oxide particulates are composed of at least one oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Na, Mg, Ca, Ba, La, Ce, Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Zn, Al, Si, P, Sb, Cu, Fe, Ru, Co, and Re.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating liquid for forming an amorphous silica-based coating film with a low dielectric constant of 2.5 or below and the Young's modulus of 6.0 GPa or more and having excellent hydrophobic property, and to a method of preparing the same. The coating liquid may contain a silicon compound obtained by hydrolyzing tetraalkyl ortho silicate (TAOS) and specific alkoxysilane (AS) in the presence of tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxide (TAAOH), or may contain a silicon compound obtained by hydrolyzing or partially hydrolyzing tetraalkyl ortho silicate (TAOS) in the presence of tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxide (TAAOH), mixing the reaction product with specific alkoxysilane or a hydrolysate or a partial hydrolysate thereof, and hydrolyzing all or a portion of the mixture according to the necessity. In addition, the coating liquid is prepared by mixing components described above at a specific ratio and under specific process conditions.

Abstract: The desulfurization catalyst for catalytic cracked gasoline according to the present invention has high performance in removal of sulfur compounds in gasoline fractions. This catalyst contains particulate vanadium oxide having the average particle diameter in the range from 0.1 to 10 ?m at the content in the range from 0.3 to 3 weight % calculated as that of V2O5. The porous spherical particles of inorganic oxide are made of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite and a porous inorganic oxide matrix, and furthermore contain antimony.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating composition containing metal oxide particles with a high refractive index and low photocatalytic activity and a coating film obtained by applying the coating composition onto a substrate. The coating composition contains metal oxide particles with a high refractive index obtained by coating the specific fine particles of the titanium-based oxide on their surfaces with at least a silica-based oxide or a silica-based composite oxide, and the coating film is obtained by applying the coating composition onto a substrate. The metal oxide particles with not only a high refractive index but also low photocatalytic activity, and therefore a coating film with excellent weathering resistance and light resistance can be formed on a substrate.

Abstract: Inorganic compound particles constituted of a shell, a porous matter or a cavity enclosed therein, and the porous matter or the cavity being kept unchanged in a subsequently formed transparent coating film.

Abstract: Provided is a non-spherical silica sol containing non-spherical silica fine particles dispersed in a dispersion medium, the non-spherical silica fine particles having an average particle diameter in a range of 3 to 150 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering, a minor-diameter/major-diameter ratio in a range of 0.01 to 0.8, and a specific surface area in a range of 10 to 800 m2/g, and also having a plurality of wart-like projections on the surfaces thereof, and a process for producing the non-spherical silica sol. The non-spherical silica fine particles contained in the non-spherical silica sol have a unique structure different from the structure of ordinary non-spherical silica fine particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal-supported catalyst produced by (a) preparing a dispersion of crystalline silicoaluminophosphate particles; (b) mixing an aqueous active ingredient metal compound solution into the dispersion; (c) spray-drying the mixture; (d) washing the spray-dried product and (e) heat-treating (calcining) the washed product at 400 to 900° C. Also disclosed is an aluminum phosphate-modified metal-supported crystalline silicoaluminophosphate catalyst having a content of aluminum phosphate in the catalyst of 0.1 to 40% by weight in terms of Al2O3+P2O5 based on the metal-supported crystalline silicoaluminophosphate particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating liquid for forming a protective film having high film strength and a low specific dielectric constant for semiconductor processing, and a method for preparing the coating liquid. The coating liquid is a liquid composition comprising (a) silicon compound obtained by hydrolyzing tetraalkyl orthosilicate (TAOS) and alkoxysilane (AS) in the presence of tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxide (TAAOH) and water, or a silicon compound obtained by hydrolyzing or partially hydrolyzing tetraalkyl orthosilicate (TAOS) in the presence of tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxide (TAAOH) and water, mixing the hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed product with alkoxysilane (AS) or a hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed product thereof, and hydrolyzing all or a portion of the mixture, (b) an organic solvent, and (c) water. The coating liquid is characterized in that a quantity of water contained in the liquid composition is in the range from 35 to 65% by weight.

Abstract: A dental filler having the optical and/or mechanical properties satisfying the requirements to a dental material, a method for producing the dental filler, and a dental composite material containing the dental filler. The dental filler comprises microparticles of amorphous inorganic oxide constituted by at least silica-based fine particles covered with a composite oxide comprising zirconium, silicon and oxygen. The dental composite material contains the dental filler and a hardenable resin selected from an acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a vinyl resin and a urethane resin.

Abstract: The hard coat layer-forming composition of this invention includes (A) composite oxide fine particles with a mean particle diameter of 1 to 200 nm, containing titanium, tin and optionally silicon, and with a rutile-type crystal structure, (B) an organosilicon compound represented by the formula R1aR2bSi(OR3)4?(a+b) and/or a hydrolyzate thereof, and (C) a cyanamide derivative compound. A hard coat layer formed from the composition not only is excellent in transparency, scratch resistance, adhesion property, weathering resistance, impact resistance, etc. but also can enjoy no coloration or little coloration, particularly in bluing or yellowing, upon exposure to or irradiation with ultraviolet rays, even if an antireflection film is provided.

Abstract: A dental composition of the present invention includes: a polymerizable monomer (A); an amorphous filler (B) having an average particle size of 1 to 20 ?m and including silica-based fine particles and coatings of an oxide that cover the surfaces of the silica-based fine particles; and inorganic particles (C) having an average particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 ?m. The oxide contains a zirconium atom, a silicon atom, and an oxygen atom. It is preferable that the dental composition contain 50 to 400 parts by weight of the filler (B) and 100 to 400 parts by weight of the inorganic particles (C) per 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer (A).

Abstract: A method for forming a metal oxide fine particle layer, by which a metal oxide fine particle layer having uniformity and excellent in adhesion, abrasion resistance, strength, etc. can be formed easily compared with the conventional plating method, CVD method, liquid coating method, electrodeposition method or the like. The method comprises immersing a conductive substrate in a dispersion of metal oxide fine particles and fibrous fine particles and applying a direct-current voltage to the conductive substrate and the dispersion. The fibrous fine particles have a length (L) of 50 nm to 10 ?m, a diameter (D) of 10 nm to 2 ?m and an aspect ratio (L)/(D) of 5 to 1,000. The content of the fibrous fine particles in the dispersion is in the range of 0.1 to 20% by weight in terms of solids content, based on the metal oxide fine particles.

Abstract: Porous silica-based particles with relatively larger average diameter of 1 micron or more and a low particle density are prepared. The method includes the steps of (a) preparing two-layer separated liquid including an organic silicon compound layer and a water layer, then adding an organic solvent, an alkali, and a surfactant into the water layer while agitating at least the water layer so that the organic silicon compound layer and the water layer are not completely mixed with each other, further hydrolyzing and/or partial hydrolyzing the organic silicon compound in the mixed aqueous solution to prepare silica-based particle precursors, (b) adding sodium aluminate into the mixed aqueous solution containing the silica-based particle precursors and then preparing silica-based particles having pores, cavities or voids inside the particles, and (c) washing and drying the silica-based particles. The particles are useful for various applications such as microcapsules, adsorbents, catalysts, and so on.

Abstract: A dental composition of the present invention includes: a polymerizable monomer component (A); and an amorphous filler (B) having an average particle size of 1 to 20 ?m and including silica-based fine particles and coatings of an oxide that cover the surfaces of the silica-based fine particles. The oxide contains a zirconium atom, a silicon atom, and an oxygen atom. The dental composition contains 20 to 500 parts by weight of the filler (B) per 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer component (A). The dental composition has a viscosity of 10 to 800 Pa·s. It is preferable that the filler (B) contain spherical particles, and that the percentage of the spherical particles in the filler (B) be at least 60%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dental composition exhibiting both an excellent light diffusion property and excellent transparency, and having high mechanical strength and surface smoothness and gloss after polishing as a cured product and good handling properties as a paste. The present invention is a dental composition including: a polymerizable monomer (A); and an amorphous powder (B). The amorphous powder (B) has an average particle size of 1 to 20 ?m, and includes silica-based fine particles and coatings of an oxide that cover the surfaces of the silica-based fine particles. The oxide contains a zirconium atom, a silicon atom, and an oxygen atom. The difference in refractive index between the cured product of the polymerizable monomer (A) and the amorphous powder (B) is 0.005 to 0.03.

Abstract: Disclosed are porous silica-based particles having high surface smoothness, a method for producing the porous silica-based particles, and a cosmetic comprising the porous silica-based particles. The porous silica-based particles have an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 30 ?m and have a surface smoothness of a level to such an extent that, when the entire surface of the particle is observed from a photograph thereof taken by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with a magnifying power of 10,000, a foreign matter attached to the surface thereof can be hardly seen.

Abstract: A recording sheet with an ink-receptive layer which can be used not only for dye type inks but also for pigment type inks is provided. Also provided is a coating liquid for forming an ink-receptive layer. The recording sheet with an ink-receptive layer includes a substrate sheet and an ink-receptive layer formed thereon, wherein the ink-receptive layer includes (i) fibrous crystalline particles on surfaces of which a cationic hydrated metal compound is supported and (ii) a binder. The fibrous crystalline particles have an average fiber diameter (D) of 0.1 to 2 ?m, an average fiber length (L) of 1 to 200 ?m and a ratio (aspect ratio) of an average fiber length (L) to an average fiber diameter (D) of 5 to 500.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a liquid fuel enabling production of middle distillate at a high yield from a feed oil containing paraffinic hydrocarbons having 20 to 100 carbon atoms as main components without losing the high cracking activity and also enabling provision of high quality gas oil included in the middle distillate. A feed oil containing paraffinic hydrocarbons having 20 to 100 carbon atoms as main components is subjected to hydrotreating in the present of a prespecified hydrotreating catalyst and under the conditions for hydrotreating including a temperature of 200 to 350° C., a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 5.0 h?1, and a partial pressure of hydrogen of 0.5 to 8 MPa to obtain an effluent oil, and then the effluent oil is fractionated to obtain middle distillate including a gas oil with a cetane number of 75 or over and a pour point of ?27.5° C. or below at a yield of 55% or over against a total weight of the feed oil.