Abstract: A variable capacity or displacement type pump by which a pump discharge quantity is variably controlled in accordance with the revolution number, which has simple construction to contributes easier machining and assembling, and is reliable in operation. A cam ring is movably arranged to define a pump chamber around a rotatable rotor within a pump body and is biased so that the volume of the pump chamber is made maximum. Sealing members are provided in an annular space between the cam ring and the pump body so as to define first and second hydraulic pressure chambers through which the cam ring is driven to move. A switch valve is provided to control the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the first and second chambers in accordance with the quantity of the flow discharged from the pump chamber.

Abstract: A muffler for booster, as may be used in a brake of an automobile or the like, is provided for reducing the generation of sounds during the suction stroke when a pressure fluid is introduced into a variable pressure chamber. An uneven surface is defined on the internal surface of a tubular portion of a shell in a region which is located opposite to an opening of a variable pressure passage when the booster is inoperative. With this construction, as the atmosphere is introduced into the variable pressure chamber through the opening of the variable pressure passage, the impingement of the atmosphere against the uneven surface is effective to reduce the generation of sounds during the suction stroke. This occurs without using any sound absorbing material, and hence does not degrade the response of the booster.

Abstract: First seat S.sub.1 and second seat S.sub.2 on valve element 18 are axially separated to provide a tubular connection 18a therebetween. Support member 42 is fitted into the tubular connection 18a, and carries a sound extinguishing member 41 in the form of a cylindrical metallic filter on its inner peripheral surface. Upon actuation of the booster, pressure fluid from pressure passage 23 flows into variable pressure chambers B, D after passing through the second seat S.sub.2 which is then broken, and then through the inside of the sound extinguishing member 41. The pressure fluid, which passed through the second seat S.sub.2, flows inside the sound extinguishing member 41, whereby its flow direction is rectified, and is prevented from assuming a vortical turbulent flow. This reduces the generation of sounds during the suction stroke without degrading the response of the booster.

Abstract: In a method of controlling an anti-skid brake system for a vehicle having one modulator and two wheel speed sensors for each axle, when the vehicle brakes during running, for example, on a split road where surface friction coefficients on the right and left surfaces of the road are greatly different from each other or on a curved road where torque values of the right and left wheels are quite different from each other, in case that one of the right and left wheels which is lower torque is set in a pressure reducing mode while the other wheel which is higher torque of the road is in a normal service braking state, a retaining mode or a slow pressure reducing mode is selected to the braking pressure of the right and left wheels. Therefore, when the conditions of the right and left wheel are quite different from each other as mentioned above, the braking pressure is retained or is intensified slowly so as to secure its braking force and thereby shorten the braking distance of the vehicle.

Abstract: A cam ring for forming a pump chamber on the outer periphery of a rotor which is rotatable in a body is arranged movably, and is urged in a direction in which the volume of the pump chamber is made maximum. Sealing means are interposed in an annular gap space on the outer periphery of the cam ring between the cam ring and the body, thereby forming first and second fluid-pressure chambers for allowing the cam ring to undergo displacement by moving. A spool-type changeover valve is provided which is operated in accordance with the discharge flow rate of the pressure fluid from the pump chamber to control the fluid pressure supplied to the first and second fluid-pressure chambers. The fluid pressure on the downstream side of a metering orifice 29 provided in a pump discharge-side passage 28 is introduced into the second fluid-pressure chamber for imparting moving displacement in the direction in which the volume of the pump chamber is made maximum, through a passage 37 via a second valve chamber 32b.

Abstract: An arc-shaped flange 32 is provided protrusively on the peripheral surface at the top end of a filter 30, and guide ribs 33 extending downward are formed on the lower surface at both sides of the flange 32, so that the ribs 33 are slid in a cutout 12 formed in an annular rib 11 to guide the filter 30, and the cutout 12 is covered by the flange 32 when the filter 30 is put into a tank body 10.

Abstract: An ABS/TRC ECU 22, when an adjustment indicating signal is input thereto, reciprocates a governor actuator 21 to recognize a mechanical actuation range of the governor actuator 21. Also, the ABS/TRC ECU 22 sets a stroke lower limit position A of the governor actuator 21 in view of the amount of offset of the governor actuator depending on a vehicle, to thereby determine a servo position of a governor link 20 during maximum deceleration at the time of TRC corresponding to the position A. Then, the ABS/TRC ECU 22 adds the amount of effective stroke of the governor actuator 21 to the position A to set a stroke upper limit position B of the governor actuator 21 and determines a servo position of the governor link 20 during minimum deceleration at the time of TRC corresponding to the upper limit position. Data on positional control of the governor actuator 21 determined are stored in a memory of the ABS/TRC ECU 22.

Abstract: A proportioning valve including an annular piston (3) slidably fitted into a cylinder bore (2), a valve seat (6) disposed on the piston (3), and a second spring (5) installed in an output pressure chamber (10) so that the piston is positioned at a predetermined position.

Abstract: An improvement of the inner periphery of a power piston which is connected to a valve body of a booster is disclosed. The inner periphery of the power piston comprises a radial portion which is disposed in abutment against an end face of a step formed on the valve body, an annular groove located radially outward of the radial portion, and a step formed at the boundary between the radial portion and the annular groove. The provision of the annular groove and the step assures sufficient strength around the inner periphery of the power piston without requiring an increased wall thickness of the power piston.

Abstract: the present invention, a counter value is increased by a predetermined increment when it is judged that front wheel speed is being decelerated and speed difference between front and rear wheels is higher than a setting value, and the counter value is decreased by a predetermined decrement when it is judged that speed difference between front and rear wheels is not higher than the setting value. Next, if it is judged that the counter value is higher than the setting value, a high .mu. flag is set. If it is judged that the counter value is not higher than the setting value, the high .mu. flag is cleared. Thus, it is judged whether road surface has a high .mu. value or not by speed difference between front and rear wheels and by duration, during which the speed difference is maintained. When a high .mu. flag is set, a control value for high .mu. value is set as a control value relating to anti-skid brake control, and if the high .mu. flag is cleared, a control value for low .mu. value is set.

Abstract: In a method of controlling an electric power steering apparatus by controlling a drive force of a steering force assisting electric motor when a vehicle speed is lower than a predetermined speed and controlling a braking force of the electric motor when the vehicle speed exceeds the predetermined speed, a steering wheel forward or reverse turning state is determined in accordance with a change in steering torque when the vehicle speed exceeds the predetermined state. The braking force of the electric motor is controlled only when the steering wheel reverse turning state is detected.

Abstract: A master cylinder (1) has a cylinder housing (2) composed of a body (3) having an opening at one end thereof and a cap (4) screwed into the opening of the body; pistons (6, 7) installed movably and guided and supported by a piston (5) and guide sleeve (10) in the cylinder housing; and pressure chambers (8, 9) in the housing in communication with a reservoir (2, 6) via through holes (13, 14) which are closed to cut off communication between the pressure chambers and the reservoir as the pistons move into the pressure chambers during application of the pistons to send under pressure the fluid in the pressure chambers to an operation system. A piston guide section (17) extending in the radial direction is integrally formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cap, and a passage (25) having one end (25a) open on the sliding surface of the piston (6) and the other end (25b) in communication with the reservoir (26) is formed in the cap.

Abstract: In the anti-skid brake control method of the present invention, braking pressure is controlled in such manner that it is transferred to pressure holding after it has been decreased for a predetermined time t.sub.1 when it is transferred from pressure increase to pressure holding during anti-skid brake control. Thus, the braking pressure held at a constant level can be maintained to a pressure approximately equal to the desired preset holding pressure. Therefore, the tendency of wheels to be locked can be prevented. As the result, the controllability of the anti-skid brake control can be improved without changing hardware arrangement of the relay valve and the like.

Abstract: An improvement of an axial portion of a power piston and a retainer engaging therewith for a booster. An axial portion of the power piston is formed with a first tubular portion, which is provided with a second tubular portion located outward of the first tubular portion. The first tubular portion is fitted over a flange of a valve body from the rear side, and an annular retainer engages the second tubular portion from the front side, thereby securing the axial portion of the power piston, which is formed with the both tubular portions, on the flange of the valve body. The retainer includes a plurality of engaging pawls, which engage the outer peripheral surface of the second tubular portion of the power piston by point contact. This reduces the axial size of the valve body, and hence the axial size of the booster.

Abstract: An improvement of a variable pressure passage formed in a valve body of a booster to provide a communication between a valve mechanism and a variable pressure chamber is disclosed. The variable pressure passage comprises a pair of radial bores formed in the valve body and a plurality of axial grooves which provide a communication between the radial bores. This secures a sufficient channel area for the variable pressure passage, which then includes a plurality of flow paths. Accordingly, sound which is produced upon actuation of the booster as the atmosphere flows through the variable pressure passage can be reduced without degrading the response of the booster upon actuation.

Abstract: A master cylinder having a sleeve that will not deform due to the difference in fluid pressures caused by the operation of the brake and a construction having dimensions that can be easily controlled. The master cylinder comprises a cylinder housing comprising a body and a cap, pistons received in the cap and disposed slidably in the cylinder housing, and piston guides, at least one of said guides in the form of a sleeve having a slit extending the entire length of the sleeve in a direction parallel to the piston axis and further having a passage communicating with an outside fluid passage.

Abstract: A control method for an electric power steering apparatus for a vehicle includes a control unit having a target value generator and a primary delay system setting unit. The target value generator generates a target value of a steering force or a motor output. The primary delay system setting unit sets a primary delay system, in which a damper value, which changes in accordance with a vehicle speed, is set negative in a low-speed range where the vehicle speed is V0 to V1 (V0<V1) and changed in accordance with the vehicle speed. The damper value is calculated with a steering angular speed of an electric power steering unit. The calculated value is fed back to a difference between the target value and an actual value. The electric power steering unit is controlled using a value obtained by filtering the difference through the primary delay system.

Abstract: An improvement of a recess formed in one end of an output shaft of a brake booster is disclosed. At its one end, the rear extremity of the output shaft is formed with a flange-like stop, which is formed of an annular sheet material. The engagement of the stop with the retainer is effective to prevent said one end of the output shaft from being disengaged from an annular projection on a valve body. This allows the diameter of a reaction disc to be increased without requiring an increase in the diameter of the valve body. Accordingly, a brake feeling can be adjusted over an increased extent than before by increasing the diameter of the reaction disc.

Abstract: A valve mechanism for a brake or clutch booster, and more particularly, an improvement of a valve element used therein is disclosed. The valve element includes a seat which is located at the front end, a connection located at the rear end and connected to the inner periphery of a valve body, and a curved portion which is axially collapsible and interconnecting between the seat and the connection. An annular groove is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the connection at its front end. With this arrangement, the provision of the annular groove is effective to prevent any reduction in the flexibility of the curved portion if the diameter of the seat of the valve element is increased in order to increase the flow rate of the atmosphere into the booster. Thus, if the diameter of the seat 10a of the valve element 10 is increased, there is no need to increase the diameter of the connection 10b of the valve element 10.

Abstract: In a glow plug, a resistance element buried in an elongated, rod-like insulating ceramic member includes first and second resistive heating elements. The first heating element is arranged at the front end portion of a ceramic heater and made of a positive temperature coefficient resistive ceramic material, containing silicon nitride, such as SiAlON. The second heating element is arranged behind of and connected in series with the first heating element and made of a metal material (e.g., tungsten) having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance larger than that of the first heating element. Both heating elements are arranged in the portion of the ceramic member projecting outwardly from the holder and metal pipe fitted about the control portions of the ceramic member. The glow plug further comprises a metal holder holding the rod-like member in a way that a front portion of the rod-like member protrudes from the metal holder.