Abstract: An RC series circuit is provided in parallel with an inductor. The RC series circuit is comprised of a resistor and a capacitor which are connected with each other in series. A voltage across the capacitor is applied to a detection circuit. The detection circuit detects inductor current flowing through the inductor based on the applied voltage. If the inductance of the inductor, the parasitic resistance value of the inductor, the capacitance of the capacitor and the resistance value of the resistor are L, RL, Ca and Ra, respectively, the RC series circuit is designed so as to satisfy L/RL=Ca*Ra.

Abstract: A photocatalytic film is formed by: a step for forming an uncured underlayer from an organic composition on the surface of a resinous base and polymerizing the organic composition to convert the uncured underlayer into an underlayer having a hardness higher than that of the resinous base; a step for forming an uncured intermediate layer from a polymerizable and curable silicone composition on the uncured underlayer or on the underlayer to yield an uncured intermediate layer, and polymerizing the polymerizable and curable silicone composition to convert the uncured intermediate layer to an intermediate layer, the polymerizable and curable silicone composition being prepared mainly from a hydrolyzable tetrafunctional silane derivative; and a step for forming a photocatalytic layer on the intermediate layer. This process can form an intermediate layer having a very high hardness without cracking and can easily yield a photocatalytic film having a satisfactory abrasion resistance.

Abstract: In a position detecting device which detects a piston rod based on the time elapsed from a point at which an ultrasonic wave is emitted from an ultrasonic wave sensor toward a lower end surface of the piston rod reciprocatingly moved linearly by supply and discharge of a working oil with respect to a hydraulic cylinder to a point at which the ultrasonic wave reflected by the lower end surface of the piston rod is received by the ultrasonic wave sensor, if the working oil's temperature is detected by a temperature sensor, then a microcomputer sets the strength of the ultrasonic wave emitted from the ultrasonic wave sensor in accordance with the temperature of the working oil so as to accurately detect the position of the piston.

Abstract: A power supply paddle of a charger is provided at one end of a cable extending from a power source apparatus. A paddle holder casing which receives and holds therein the power supply paddle is obliquely provided on one side wall of a housing of the power source apparatus, so that an opening of the paddle holder casing is oriented slightly upwardly from the horizontal direction. The power supply paddle is received and held in the paddle holder casing when it is not being used.

Abstract: The lip-type seal comprises six members including the external annulus (20), the first seal member (30), the reinforcement member (40), the retention member (50), the second seal member (60) and the internal annulus (70). The first seal member (30) is made of elastomer and the second seal member (60) is made of synthetic resin. The reinforcement member (40) is formed as the insertion member in the first seal member (30) so that the reinforcement member (40) extends as far as the end of the hermetic space side of the first seal member (30) and the first seal member (30) exists on both sides of the reinforcement member (40). The reinforcement member (40) has flexibility to provide an appropriate tension which is generated by the deflection thereof, to the seal part (31a) when the inner pressure P in the hermetic space A becomes high, in a condition that the lip-type seal is attached to a compressor.

Abstract: A control valve controls the pressure in a crank chamber of a compressor to change the displacement of the compressor. The compressor includes a discharge chamber, a suction chamber and a supply passage, which connects the discharge chamber to the crank chamber. The control valve regulates the supply passage. The control valve includes a valve body, a spool and a solenoid. The valve body adjusts the size of an opening in the supply passage. The spool moves the valve body in accordance with the difference between the pressure in the discharge chamber and the pressure in the suction chamber. The solenoid urges the valve body by a force, the magnitude of which corresponds to a supply of electricity. The urging force of the solenoid represents a target value of the pressure difference. The spool moves the valve body such that the pressure difference seeks the target value.

Abstract: An improved scroll compressor having a movable scroll that orbits without being inclined. The compressor has a fixed scroll formed in the housing. The movable scroll is accommodated in the housing and mates with the fixed scroll. The movable scroll is driven by a drive shaft via a crank mechanism. A flange is formed at the periphery of the movable scroll and lies perpendicular to the drive shaft. A groove is formed in the housing. The groove is slightly wider than the thickness of the flange. The flange is slidably accommodated in the groove. Support holes extend in the housing. A pin is supported in each support hole. The ends of each pin are received in guide holes through the flange. Since engagement of the flange and the groove prevents the movable scroll from being inclined, the pin is maintained parallel to the guide holes and follows the wall of the guide holes. As a result, uneven wear of the pins and the guide holes is avoided.

Abstract: An electrode wiring structure is disclosed which realizes a smaller semiconductor apparatus as a power semiconductor module with the current path set as shortest as possible. The semiconductor apparatus includes: a plurality of semiconductor devices mounted in one array or more on a substrate; a main current electrode mounted along the array(s) of the semiconductor devices, and commonly connected to each of the plurality of semiconductor devices through the substrate by being connected to the substrate through a plurality of wires; an insulated base mounted on the main current electrode, and covering the connection area of the wires connecting the main current electrode; and a drive electrode mounted on the base, and commonly connected to each of the semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A die-cast piston for a swash plate type compressor including a cylinder block having a cylinder bore, including a generally cylindrical head portion slidably movably received in a cylinder bore formed in a cylinder block of the compressor, and a generally U-shaped neck portion having a base section and a pair of substantially parallel arm sections which extend from the base section, wherein the base section has an inner surface including at least one as-cast surface area formed in a die-casting process.

Abstract: A resin window 1 with a conductor in which a conductor print 3 is interposed between a resin panel 2 and a resin film 4 joined to one side of the resin panel, includes a metal film 6 provided on one side of the resin film 4 that is joined to the resin panel 2. The metal film 6 is connected to a conductor print 3 at a portion thereof and is exposed through an opening 5 formed in the resin film 4. The resin panel 2 has integrally formed fixing pins 7 that protrude to the outer surface side of the resin film 4 through the metal film 6. A terminal 8 is secured to a resin window 1 by heat treating the fixing pins 7 with a mounting base 8a of the terminal 8 made of electrically conductive material being overlaid on the metal film 6.

Abstract: A method of producing a piston for a compressor, including the steps of casting a molten material into a die to form a hollow cylindrical head portion of the piston that is open at one of opposite ends thereof and is closed at the other end thereof, such that an amount of gas included in the material of the head portion is not more than 5 cc per 100 g of the material, closing, with a closure member, the open end of the head portion, and welding the head portion and the closure member to each other by emitting, a plurality of times, a welding beam toward each of a multiplicity of spots on a welding line along which the head portion and the closure member contact each other.

Abstract: In the present compressor, a retainer is prevented from being deformed without impairing the sealing performance of a metal gasket provided between a covering member for closing a compression chamber of a cylinder block assembly and a discharge valve forming plate. A discharge valve forming plate is provided between a valve plate having at least one discharge port through which a fluid compressed in a compression chamber of a cylinder block assembly is discharged into a discharge chamber of a housing and the cylinder block assembly. A retainer for restricting the magnitude of opening of a discharge valve is integrally formed in a metal gasket which is provided between the discharge valve forming plate and the housing. The housing is provided with a restricting section at a position corresponding to a proximal portion of a rising portion of the retainer for restricting the proximal portion of the top surface of a rising portion.

Abstract: The pressure leakage from the back pressure chamber installed at the back side of the movable scroll to the low pressure area can be prevented. An eccentric shaft (17) formed integrally to a drive shaft (14) is inserted into a bushing (19). A balance weight (18) is fixed to the bushing (19). A cylindrical portion (34) is provided so as to protrude at the back side of the movable scroll base (22), and the bushing (19) supports the cylindrical portion (34) via a needle bearing (21). A seal member (35) is interposed between the end surface of the cylindrical portion (34) and the balance weight (18). The inside of a cylinder of the cylindrical portion (34) is made to be a back pressure chamber (36).

Abstract: An improved control apparatus for controlling the displacement of a variable displacement compressor. A control valve includes an operating rod, which is urged by a force based on a differential pressure between two pressure monitoring points, which are located in a refrigeration circuit. The control valve causes the compressor to seek a target displacement. A computer limits the target displacement when the demand for cooling is decreasing to improve fuel economy and to extend the life of the compressor.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system capable of always effectively performing the heating function by selectively using one of a cooling circuit and a heating circuit sharing a variable displacement type compressor is disclosed. An electromagnetic capacity control valve (43) controls the discharge capacity of a variable displacement type compressor (25) in response to the differential pressure between the discharge pressure Pd of a discharge chamber (132) and the suction pressure Ps of a suction chamber (131). The energization and deenergization of the capacity control valve (43) is controlled by a control unit (59). When a cooling command switch (63) is turned on, the control unit (59) deenergizes a switching valve (29) thereby to control the cooling operation while at the same time controlling the discharge capacity by the capacity control valve (43).

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioner includes a variable displacement compressor forming a part of a coolant circuit, detectors for detecting external information necessary for air conditioning, and a controller. The compressor has pistons and mechanism for actuating the pistons to draw, compress and discharge refrigerant. The piston actuating mechanism is located in a crank chamber. The pressure in the crank chamber is changed to vary the compressor displacement. The controller controls the compressor based on the information from the detectors. When disengaging an electromagnetic clutch, which is located between a vehicle engine and the compressor, the controller quickly decreases the compressor displacement and prevents the pressure difference between the crank chamber and compression chambers excessively increased. Therefore, immediately after being stopped, the compressor is started at the minimum displacement, which minimizes the shock due to load torque change on the engine.

Abstract: A compressor has a housing and a cylinder bore. A piston is accommodated in the cylinder bore. A drive shaft is supported by the housing. An annular support plate is driven by the drive shaft. The support plate surrounds the drive shaft and inclines with respect to the axis of the drive shaft. The support plate has an boss. A radial bearing located about the boss. The radial bearing has an outer race. A disk-like swash plate is formed integrally with the outer race. The swash plate is connected the piston to cause the piston to reciprocate.

Abstract: A valve body adjusts opening of a supply passage in response to the position in a valve chamber. A pressure-sensitive member is moved in accordance with the pressure difference between two pressure monitoring points, which are located in an external refrigerant circuit. The movement of the pressure-sensitive member affects the position of the valve body such that the compressor displacement is changed to reduce fluctuations in the pressure difference. A solenoid changes force applied to the valve body so that a set pressure difference, which is a reference value for changing the position of the valve body by the pressure-sensitive member, is changed.