Abstract: Asynchronous full-adder circuit is described. The full-adder includes majority and/or minority gates some of which receive two first inputs (A.t, A.f), two second inputs (B.t, B.f), two carry inputs (Cin.t, Cin.f), third acknowledgement input (Cout.e), and fourth acknowledgement input (Sum.e), and generate controls to control gates of transistors, wherein the transistors are coupled to generate two carry outputs (Cout.t, Cout.e), two sum outputs (Sum.t, Sum.e), first acknowledgement output (A.e), second acknowledgement output (B.e), and third acknowledgement output (Cin.e). The majority and/or minority gates comprise CMOS gates or multi-input capacitive circuitries. The multi-input capacitive circuitries include capacitive structures that may comprise linear dielectric, paraelectric dielectric, or ferroelectric dielectric. The capacitors can be planar or non-planar. The capacitors may be stacked vertically to reduce footprint of the asynchronous full-adder circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus and configuring scheme where a ferroelectric capacitive input circuit can be programmed to perform different logic functions by adjusting the switching threshold of the ferroelectric capacitive input circuit. Digital inputs are received by respective capacitors on first terminals of those capacitors. The second terminals of the capacitors are connected to a summing node. A pull-up and pull-down device are coupled to the summing node. The pull-up and pull-down devices are controlled separately. During a reset phase, the pull-up and pull-down devices are turned on in a sequence, and inputs to the capacitors are set to condition the voltage on node n1. As such, a threshold for the capacitive input circuit is set. After the reset phase, an evaluation phase follows. In the evaluation phase, the output of the capacitive input circuit is determined based on the inputs and the logic function configured during the reset phase.

Abstract: A memory device includes a first electrode comprising a first conductive nonlinear polar material, where the first conductive nonlinear polar material comprises a first average grain length. The memory device further includes a dielectric layer comprising a perovskite material on the first electrode, where the perovskite material includes a second average grain length. A second electrode comprising a second conductive nonlinear polar material is on the dielectric layer, where the second conductive nonlinear polar material includes a third grain average length that is less than or equal to the first average grain length or the second average grain length.

Abstract: A memory device includes a first electrode comprising a first conductive nonlinear polar material, where the first conductive nonlinear polar material comprises a first average grain length. The memory device further includes a dielectric layer comprising a perovskite material on the first electrode, where the perovskite material includes a second average grain length. A second electrode comprising a second conductive nonlinear polar material is on the dielectric layer, where the second conductive nonlinear polar material includes a third grain average length that is less than or equal to the first average grain length or the second average grain length.

Abstract: A memory device includes a first electrode comprising a first conductive nonlinear polar material, where the first conductive nonlinear polar material comprises a first average grain length. The memory device further includes a dielectric layer comprising a perovskite material on the first electrode, where the perovskite material includes a second average grain length. A second electrode comprising a second conductive nonlinear polar material is on the dielectric layer, where the second conductive nonlinear polar material includes a third grain average length that is less than or equal to the first average grain length or the second average grain length.

Abstract: Asynchronous circuits implemented using threshold gate(s) and/or majority gate(s) (or minority gate(s)) are described. The new class of asynchronous circuits can operate at lower power supply levels (e.g., less than 1V on advanced technology nodes) because stack of devices between a supply node and ground are significantly reduced compared to traditional asynchronous circuits. The asynchronous circuits here result in area reduction (e.g., 3× reduction compared to traditional asynchronous circuits) and provide higher throughput/mm2 (e.g., 2× higher throughput compared to traditional asynchronous circuits). The threshold gate(s), majority/minority gate(s) can be implemented using capacitive input circuits. The capacitors can have linear dielectric or non-linear polar material as dielectric.

Abstract: Asynchronous circuits implemented using threshold gate(s) and/or majority gate(s) (or minority gate(s)) are described. The new class of asynchronous circuits can operate at lower power supply levels (e.g., less than 1V on advanced technology nodes) because stack of devices between a supply node and ground are significantly reduced compared to traditional asynchronous circuits. The asynchronous circuits here result in area reduction (e.g., 3× reduction compared to traditional asynchronous circuits) and provide higher throughput/mm2 (e.g., 2× higher throughput compared to traditional asynchronous circuits). The threshold gate(s), majority/minority gate(s) can be implemented using capacitive input circuits. The capacitors can have linear dielectric or non-linear polar material as dielectric.

Abstract: Asynchronous circuits implemented using threshold gate(s) and/or majority gate(s) (or minority gate(s)) are described. The new class of asynchronous circuits can operate at lower power supply levels (e.g., less than 1V on advanced technology nodes) because stack of devices between a supply node and ground are significantly reduced compared to traditional asynchronous circuits. The asynchronous circuits here result in area reduction (e.g., 3× reduction compared to traditional asynchronous circuits) and provide higher throughput/mm2 (e.g., 2× higher throughput compared to traditional asynchronous circuits). The threshold gate(s), majority/minority gate(s) can be implemented using capacitive input circuits. The capacitors can have linear dielectric or non-linear polar material as dielectric.

Abstract: Asynchronous circuits implemented using threshold gate(s) and/or majority gate(s) (or minority gate(s)) are described. The new class of asynchronous circuits can operate at lower power supply levels (e.g., less than 1V on advanced technology nodes) because stack of devices between a supply node and ground are significantly reduced compared to traditional asynchronous circuits. The asynchronous circuits here result in area reduction (e.g., 3× reduction compared to traditional asynchronous circuits) and provide higher throughput/mm2 (e.g., 2× higher throughput compared to traditional asynchronous circuits). The threshold gate(s), majority/minority gate(s) can be implemented using capacitive input circuits. The capacitors can have linear dielectric or non-linear polar material as dielectric.

Abstract: Described are ferroelectric device film stacks which include a templating or texturing layer or material deposited below a ferroelectric layer, to enable a crystal lattice of the subsequently deposited ferroelectric layer to template off this templating layer and provide a large degree of preferential orientation despite the lack of epitaxial substrates.

Abstract: An adder with first and second majority gates. For a 1-bit adder, output from a 3-input majority gate is inverted and input two times to a 5-input majority gate. Other inputs to the 5-input majority gate are same as those of the 3-input majority gate. The output of the 5-input majority gate is a sum while the output of the 3-input majority gate is the carry. Multiple 1-bit adders are concatenated to form an N-bit adder. The input signals are driven to first terminals of non-ferroelectric capacitors while the second terminals are coupled to form a majority node. Majority function of the input signals occurs on this node. The majority node is then coupled to a first terminal of a non-linear polar capacitor. The second terminal of the capacitor provides the output of the logic gate. A reset mechanism initializes the non-linear polar capacitor before addition function is performed.

Abstract: An apparatus and configuring scheme where a ferroelectric capacitive input circuit can be programmed to perform different logic functions by adjusting the switching threshold of the ferroelectric capacitive input circuit. Digital inputs are received by respective capacitors on first terminals of those capacitors. The second terminals of the capacitors are connected to a summing node. A pull-up and pull-down device are coupled to the summing node. The pull-up and pull-down devices are controlled separately. During a reset phase, the pull-up and pull-down devices are turned on in a sequence, and inputs to the capacitors are set to condition the voltage on node n1. As such, a threshold for the capacitive input circuit is set. After the reset phase, an evaluation phase follows. In the evaluation phase, the output of the capacitive input circuit is determined based on the inputs and the logic function configured during the reset phase.

Abstract: A new class of logic gates are presented that use non-linear polar material. The logic gates include multi-input majority gates. Input signals in the form of digital signals are driven to non-linear input capacitors on their respective first terminals. The second terminals of the non-linear input capacitors are coupled a summing node which provides a majority function of the inputs. In the multi-input majority or minority gates, the non-linear charge response from the non-linear input capacitors results in output voltages close to or at rail-to-rail voltage levels. In some examples, the nodes of the non-linear input capacitors are conditioned once in a while to preserve function of the multi-input majority gates.

Abstract: Asynchronous circuit elements are described. Asynchronous circuit elements include a consensus element (c-element), completion tree, and validity tree. The c-element is implemented using adjustable threshold based multi-input capacitive circuitries. The completion tree comprises a plurality of c-elements organized in a tree formation. The validity tree comprises OR gates followed by c-elements. The multi-input capacitive circuitries include capacitive structures that may comprise linear dielectric, paraelectric dielectric, or ferroelectric dielectric. The capacitors can be planar or non-planar. The capacitors may be stacked vertically to reduce footprint of the various asynchronous circuitries.

Abstract: An apparatus and configuring scheme where a ferroelectric capacitive input circuit can be programmed to perform different logic functions by adjusting the switching threshold of the ferroelectric capacitive input circuit. Digital inputs are received by respective capacitors on first terminals of those capacitors. The second terminals of the capacitors are connected to a summing node. A pull-up and pull-down device are coupled to the summing node. The pull-up and pull-down devices are controlled separately. During a reset phase, the pull-up and pull-down devices are turned on in a sequence, and inputs to the capacitors are set to condition the voltage on node n1. As such, a threshold for the capacitive input circuit is set. After the reset phase, an evaluation phase follows. In the evaluation phase, the output of the capacitive input circuit is determined based on the inputs and the logic function configured during the reset phase.

Abstract: A memory is provided which comprises a capacitor including non-linear polar material. The capacitor may have a first terminal coupled to a node (e.g., a storage node) and a second terminal coupled to a plate-line. The capacitors can be a planar capacitor or non-planar capacitor (also known as pillar capacitor). The memory includes a transistor coupled to the node and a bit-line, wherein the transistor is controllable by a word-line, wherein the plate-line is parallel to the bit-line. The memory includes a refresh circuitry to refresh charge on the capacitor periodically or at a predetermined time. The refresh circuit can utilize one or more of the endurance mechanisms. When the plate-line is parallel to the bit-line, a specific read and write scheme may be used to reduce the disturb voltage for unselected bit-cells. A different scheme is used when the plate-line is parallel to the word-line.

Abstract: To compensate switching of a dielectric component of a non-linear polar material based capacitor, an explicit dielectric capacitor is added to a memory bit-cell and controlled by a signal opposite to the signal driven on a plate-line.

Abstract: To compensate switching of a dielectric component of a non-linear polar material based capacitor, an explicit dielectric capacitor is added to a memory bit-cell and controlled by a signal opposite to the signal driven on a plate-line.

Abstract: A packaging technology to improve performance of an AI processing system resulting in an ultra-high bandwidth system. An IC package is provided which comprises: a substrate; a first die on the substrate, and a second die stacked over the first die. The first die can be a first logic die (e.g., a compute chip, CPU, GPU, etc.) while the second die can be a compute chiplet comprising ferroelectric or paraelectric logic. Both dies can include ferroelectric or paraelectric logic. The ferroelectric/paraelectric logic may include AND gates, OR gates, complex gates, majority, minority, and/or threshold gates, sequential logic, etc. The IC package can be in a 3D or 2.5D configuration that implements logic-on-logic stacking configuration. The 3D or 2.5D packaging configurations have chips or chiplets designed to have time distributed or spatially distributed processing. The logic of chips or chiplets is segregated so that one chip in a 3D or 2.5D stacking arrangement is hot at a time.

Abstract: An apparatus and configuring scheme where a paraelectric capacitive input circuit can be programmed to perform different logic functions by adjusting the switching threshold of the paraelectric capacitive input circuit. Digital inputs are received by respective capacitors on first terminals of those capacitors. The second terminals of the capacitors are connected to a summing node. A pull-up and pull-down device are coupled to the summing node. The pull-up and pull-down devices are controlled separately. During a reset phase, the pull-up and/or pull-down devices are turned on or off in a sequence, and inputs to the capacitors are set to condition the voltage on node nl. As such, a threshold for the capacitive input circuit is set. After the reset phase, an evaluation phase follows. In the evaluation phase, the output of the capacitive input circuit is determined based on the inputs and the logic function configured during the reset phase.