Abstract: Anti-TRAIL-R1 and R2 antibodies or functional fragments thereof, having at least one property selected from the following (a) to (c) of: (a) having activity to induce apoptosis in carcinoma cells expressing TRAIL-R1 and/or TRAIL-R2; (b) not having effect on normal human cells expressing TRAIL-R1 and/or TRAIL-R2; and (c) not inducing human hepatocyte toxicity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved promoters and utilization thereof, in particular to promoters which are improved so as not to undergo methylation in the course of constructing transformants, and utilization thereof. According to the present invention, the expression efficiency of a structural gene can be enhanced even in a plant, e.g. chrysanthemum, which has weak expression of the structural gene by a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter which as been considered a high expression promoter for plants.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide compounds that can effectively suppress the concentration of phosphorus in serum to effectively prevent or treat diseases induced by an increase in concentration of phosphate in serum. The compounds according to the present invention are compounds represented by formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof: wherein A represents an optionally substituted five- to nine-membered unsaturated carbocyclic moiety or a five- to nine-membered unsaturated heterocyclic moiety, and represents a single bond or a double bond, R5 represents optionally substituted aryl or the like, Z represents —N?CHR6R7 or the like, R6 and R7 represent H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or the like, R101 and R102 together form ?O, and R103 and R104 represent H, or R101 and R104 together from a bond, and R102 and R103 together form a bond.

Abstract: There are provided compounds which can be used in the treatment of diseases mediated by the autophosphorylation of a PDGF receptor, specifically, compounds which can inhibit neointima formation hypertrophy. The compounds are those represented by formula (I) or pharmacologically acceptable salts or solvates thereof: wherein R1 and R2 represent hydrogen, alkyl or the like; R3, R4, R5, and R6 represent hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or the like; R11 and R12 represent hydrogen, alkyl, alkylcarbonyl or the like; and A represents any one of formulae (i) to (x), provided that compounds wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6 represent hydrogen and A represents group (v) wherein u is 0 (zero) and R19 represents phenyl optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl, or alkoxy are excluded.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide compounds having Rho kinase inhibitory activity and useful for the treatment of diseases mediated by Rho kinase. The compounds according to the present invention are those represented by formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof: wherein Q represents phenyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, or furyl; these groups are optionally substituted by one or two halogens or alkyl, nitro, or amino groups; and p is 2 or 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of a transgenic bovine which comprises a genetic modification that results in inactivation and loss of expression of its endogenous antibodies, and the expression of xenogenous antibodies, preferably human antibodies. This is effected by inactivation of the IgM heavy chain expression and, optionally, by inactivation of the Ig light chain expression, and by the further introduction of an artificial chromosome which results in the expression of non-bovine antibodies, preferably human antibodies.

Abstract: Protein synthesis inhibitor resistance genes (typified by a cycloheximide resistance gene) are capable of imparting resistance to a protein synthesis inhibitor (typified by cycloheximide) to animal cells sensitive to the inhibitor. The genes have a sequence mutated by substitution in a gene encoding a ribosome-constituting protein derived from an animal. The genes may be placed in recombinant vectors, including expression vectors containing the gene together with a foreign protein structural gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of a transgenic bovine which comprises a genetic modification that results in inactivation and loss of expression of its endogenous antibodies, and the expression of xenogenous antibodies, preferably human antibodies. This is effected by inactivation of the IgM heavy chain expression and, optionally, by inactivation of the Ig light chain expression, and by the further introduction of an artificial chromosome which results in the expression of non-bovine antibodies, preferably human antibodies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of a transgenic bovine which comprises a genetic modification that results in inactivation and loss of expression of its endogenous antibodies, and the expression of xenogenous antibodies, preferably human antibodies. This is effected by inactivation of the IgM heavy chain expression and, optionally, by inactivation of the Ig light chain expression, and by the further introduction of an artificial chromosome which results in the expression of non-bovine antibodies, preferably human antibodies.

Abstract: The yeast cell wall fraction comprising cell residues obtained by removing internal soluble components from enzyme-treated yeast, or cell residues obtained by treating the cell residues with acid solution and removing the acid solution-soluble components. By decolorizing the residues with a decolorizing agent, the decolorized yeast cell wall fractions to which excellent physical properties are added, are obtained without impairing the excellent properties of the yeast cell wall fractions before the decolorization. The decolorized yeast cell wall fractions of the present invention have a white color and retain the merit of the yeast cell wall fractions before the decolorization for the use as a coating agent. Further, excellent properties such as the mechanical properties of the yeast cell wall fractions being enhanced and the yeast odor being decreased, are added to the decolorized yeast cell wall fractions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds represented by formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof: wherein X represents CH or N; Z represents —O—, —NH— or —C(?O)—; R and R? represent a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl, a halogen atom, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl optionally substituted alkoxy, amino, aminocarbonyl, or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; and A represents an optionally substituted specific carbocyclic or heterocyclic group. The compounds according to the present invention have excellent TGF? inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crystal of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of N-{2-chloro-4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy]phenyl}-N?-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl) urea. This crystal of salt is usable for the therapy of a disease selected from the group consisting of tumors, diabetic retinopathy, chronic rheumatism, psoriasis, atherosclerosis, Kaposi's sarcoma, and exudation type age-related maculopathy, and has characteristics suitable for applications of oral pharmaceutical preparations.

Abstract: In general, the invention features genetically modified non-human mammals (e.g., bovines and other ungulates), and methods of making these mammals. In particular, the invention features transgenic ungulates having reduced levels of endogenous IgM heavy chain and/or prion protein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for purifying immunoglobulin G (IgG). The methods feature the use of particular buffers and reagents to isolate and purify human IgG or to remove host contaminating proteins, non-human or chimeric IgG, IgG dimers, IgG aggregates, bovine serum albumin, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, DNA, viral DNA, or viral particles from a feedstock. IgG purified by the methods described herein can be used for research, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: A gene encoding a polypeptide having an activity to support proliferation or survival of hematopoietic stem cells or hematopoietic progenitor cells is isolated by comparing expressed genes between cells which support proliferation or survival of hematopoietic stem cells or hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells which do not support the proliferation or survival. Proliferation or survival of hematopoietic stem cells or hematopoietic progenitor cells is supported by using stromal cells in which the isolated gene is expressed or a gene product of the isolated gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel isoxazole and thiazole compounds having an excellent lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor antagonistic activity represented by general formula [1] or salts thereof: wherein R1 and R2 represents an optionally substituted alkyl group or the like; R3 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R4 represent a group selected from the group consisting of (I) optionally substituted phenyl, aryl, or heterocycle, (II) substituted or nonsubstituted alkyl, and (III) substituted or nonsubstituted alkenyl, alternatively, R3 and R4 may form a ring structure together with a carbon atom to which they bind; and X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, provided that, when R3 is a hydrogen atom, R4 represents a group other than methyl, and the use thereof as a medicine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a chimeric non-human animal expressing a desired protein, and a chimeric non-human animal or an offspring thereof expressing a desired protein. The present invention also relates to a method for analyzing the functions of a desired protein or a gene encoding the protein by comparing the phenotype of the above chimeric non-human animal with that of a corresponding wild-type animal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmacological composition as a composition as a raw material capable of preventing or treating the symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, constipation, allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, and so on, and which has little side effect and thereby safe, high water dispersibility, and can be ingested easily. A yeast cell wall fraction, which comprises yeast extracts residue and being superior in water dispersibility and swelling properties, is used as an active constituent. As a yeast cell wall fraction, a yeast cell wall fraction obtained with a simple operation of water cleansing of yeast cell after alkali processing yields superior effects for preventing or treating the symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, constipation, allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, and so on, as well as such yeast cell wall fraction without foreign taste and odor characteristic to autolysis and suitable for ingestion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a remedy for neuropathy, such as nerve injury, nerve degeneration, and hypofunction upon nerve grafting, which contains as the active ingredient galectin-1 having an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 or its derivative; a protein having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1 or one having a homology of 90% or more at the amino acid level with the sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 and carrying a disulfide bond(s) at least between Cys at the 16-position (Cys 16) and Cys at the 88-position (Cys 88) among cystein residues at the 2-position (Cys 2), 16-position (Cys 16), 42-position (Cys 42), 60-position (Cys 60), 88-position (Cys 88) and 130-position (Cys 130); and a process for producing the galectin-1 or its derivative protein by using an affinity column having an antibody to the above protein.

Abstract: Urea and thiourea derivatives inhibit cell function of the chemokine receptor CCR-3. These compounds offer an effective means for treating a range of diseases thought to be mediated by the CCR-3 receptor. A variety of useful urea and thiourea derivatives can be synthesized using liquid and solid phase synthesis protocols.