Abstract: An apparatus for inspecting a display panel for defects includes a table which supports the display panel, a laser excitation unit that irradiates a non-display area of the display panel with a point laser beam, a thermal wave detecting unit that generates thermal wave images of irradiated portions of the non-display area, a driving unit, and a control unit. A groove corresponding to an edge of the display panel may be defined in a top surface of the table. A defect, such as a crack, may be detected by comparing a defect pattern obtained from the thermal wave images with a pre-registered defect pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are method and system for modifying transactions already recorded on blockchains. The method for managing transactions based on blockchains may include a process for proceeding with mining blocks by separating approval and modification of transactions by using transaction approval block for proving approval of transactions and transaction modification block for proving modification of transactions.

Abstract: A lithium metal negative electrode and a lithium metal battery including the lithium metal negative electrode. The lithium metal negative electrode includes a protective layer present on at least one surface of the negative electrode for stabilizing between the lithium metal and the electrolyte. The protective layer includes a polymer of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) and sulfur molecule (S8), a depolymerized product of the polymer, an inorganic sulfide-based compound, and at least one of an inorganic nitride-based compound, or an inorganic nitrate-based compound.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a System on Chip (SoC) and a memory. The SoC includes a processor and a neural processing unit (NPU). The memory includes an enclave page cache (EPC), in which a validation table is stored, and at least one NPU enclave. The NPU enclave and the EPC have a trusted execution environment, which is isolated from an execution environment in which system software of the CPU is executed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a technology for attenuating an average value of signals in a frequency dithering time domain, which may be used in a method of removing stimulus artifacts in real time. A dithering range of a stimulus frequency for generating a stimulus can be set, and the stimulus frequency can be controlled to be changed within the dithering range.

Abstract: Disclosed are a nerve stimulator electrode and a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, the present invention provides a nerve stimulator electrode including biocompatible solid electrolyte; and an ion diffusion barrier formed on the biocompatible solid electrolyte, wherein the biocompatible solid electrolyte includes an ionic liquid and a biocompatible polymer matrix.

Abstract: A processor-implemented neural network method includes: extracting, by a feature extractor of a neural network, a plurality of training feature vectors corresponding to a plurality of training class data of each of a plurality of classes including a first class and a second class; determining, by a feature sample generator of the neural network, an additional feature vector of the second class based on a mean vector and a variation vector of the plurality of training feature vectors of each of the first class and the second class; and training a class vector of the second class included in a classifier of the neural network based on the additional feature vector and the plurality of training feature vectors of the second class.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for polarization multiplexing and encoding in a visible light communication system based on a gold nanoparticle are provided. A method for encoding in a receiver using a polarizing characteristic in a visible light communication system based on a gold nanoparticle, which is performed by a computer device, includes splitting a receive signal into left circular polarization light and right circular polarization light by allowing the receive signal to pass through a linear polarizer and estimating a phase retardation difference, and detecting a transmit symbol by estimating the phase retardation difference.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter includes: a sample/hold circuit, which samples an analog signal, and outputs a first voltage; a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, which converts a digital signal to output a second voltage; an amplifier, which amplifies the first voltage and the second voltage; a noise shaping filter, which integrates a residual voltage corresponding to a difference between the amplified first voltage and the amplified second voltage, and generates a first integration voltage and a second integration voltage; a comparator, which compares a sum of the amplified first voltage, the first integration voltage, and the second integration voltage with the amplified second voltage; and a SAR logic, which outputs the digital signal according to a comparison result of the comparator, and controls the digital-to-analog conversion circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a secure network communication method and a system therefor. The secure network communication method using a proxy connecting a client and a server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: receiving, from the client, a session encryption key shared for generation of a secure channel between the client and the server; and when a packet encrypted with the session encryption key and transmitted from the client to the server is received, decrypting the encrypted packet with the session encryption key and analyzing the decrypted packet, or forwarding the encrypted packet to the server without change of an encrypted state.

Abstract: A ternary logic element including a transistor and a switching element. The transistor includes a channel layer including silicon, an input electrode, an output electrode, and a control electrode. The switching element includes an emitter, a base extending from the emitter, and a collector extending from the base. When a first control voltage is applied to the control electrode, the ternary logic element outputs a first voltage, and when a second control voltage different from the first control voltage is applied to the control electrode, the ternary logic element outputs a second voltage different from the first voltage, and when a third control voltage different from the first control voltage and the second control voltage is applied to the control electrode, the ternary logic element outputs a third voltage different from the first voltage and the second voltage.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic device including processing circuitry configured to generate at least one signal according to a first communication protocol by referencing a lookup table, the lookup table including simulation waveform information, and the simulation waveform information simulating a second communication protocol different from the first communication protocol, and transmit the at least one signal, the at least one signal including a data packet.

Abstract: An electronic device and an operating method thereof are for predicting future trajectories of an unspecified number of surrounding vehicles in an integrated way. The electronic device and operating method may be configured to recognize historical trajectories of one or more surrounding objects, predict future trajectories of the surrounding objects in an integrated way based on the recognized historical trajectories, and plan a driving trajectory of the electronic device based on the predicted future trajectories of the surrounding objects.

Abstract: A modulation scheme conversion device includes: a backscattering tag to which a tag signal is provided; and a tag signal forming unit for forming a tag signal. The modulation scheme conversion device multiplies a radio signal, which has been modulated in a first modulation scheme, and a tag signal, and reconfigures the multiplied signal by using a second modulation scheme, so as to backscatter the reconfigured signal, wherein the reconfiguration is performed in a physical (PHY) layer.

Abstract: A power and data receiver according to the present embodiment includes: a reception coil configured to receive a power data signal from a transmission coil; a power unit forming driving power from the power data signal; and a data demodulation unit configured to demodulate a data signal from the power data signal, wherein the reception coil operates adjacent to the transmission coil to the extent that a first resonant frequency and a second resonant frequency are formed between the reception coil and the transmission coil, and the reception coil operates at a frequency greater than or equal to the first resonant frequency and smaller than or equal to the second resonant frequency in relation to the transmission coil.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite polishing pad for CMP, and a method for producing the same. The composite polishing pad for CMP comprises: a soft polymer substrate layer including a plurality of protrusions formed on the upper surface thereof; a carbon nanotube layer including carbon nanotubes embedded in and bound to the upper portion of the substrate layer; and a hard polymer coating layer having the carbon nanotubes protruding outwardly on the upper portion of the carbon nanotube layer embedded and bound thereto.

Abstract: Provided is a snubber circuit. The snubber circuit may include a first snubber diode connected to a first node connected to a DC-DC converter, a snubber capacitor connected between the first snubber diode and a second node connected to the DC-DC converter, a snubber voltage source connected to the first node, a snubber inductor connected to a third node between the first snubber diode and the snubber capacitor, and a second snubber diode connected between the snubber inductor and the snubber voltage source.

Abstract: A clock generator includes a phase controller configured to generate phase control information in response to comparing a phase of an input clock signal against a phase of a division clock signal, and an oscillator configured to generate a plurality of oscillation signals at an equivalent output frequency but different phases, in response to the phase control information and duty control information. A duty cycle converter is provided, which is configured to generate a plurality of output clock signals at the output frequency by adjusting duty cycles of the plurality of oscillation signals, such that the plurality of output clock signals have duty cycles smaller than the duty cycles of the plurality of oscillation signals. A clock divider is provided, which is configured to generate the division clock signal by dividing the output frequency of one of the plurality of output clock signals, such that the division clock signal has a division frequency smaller than the output frequency.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a Heusler-based phase thermoelectric material using an amorphous phase precursor. More specifically disclosed is a method for producing a powder or bulk thermoelectric material having a microstructure including a Heusler-based phase with a thermoelectric effect by crystallization of an amorphous phase precursor prepared by a non-equilibrium processes. Also disclosed is a device using a Heusler-based phase thermoelectric material produced by the method. The method largely avoids the efficiency problems of conventional methods, including low productivity in scaling up caused by long annealing time, high annealing temperature, and contamination during nanopowder production, achieving improved process efficiency. In addition, the method enables efficient production of a thermoelectric material having a nano-sized microstructure that is difficult to produce by a conventional method.

Abstract: A method for detecting a GPS spoofing attack using a difference between output values of a GPS receiver, which is generated due to inaccuracy of a GPS spoofer, and an apparatus therefor are provided. The method includes receiving a GPS signal; and determining the received GPS signal as a GPS satellite signal or a GPS spoofing signal using a learning model learned based on a difference between output values of a GPS receiver. The method further includes labeling and collecting dispersion degree data including a position, a speed, and a time output from the GPS receiver with whether the GPS signal is the GPS satellite signal or the GPS spoofing signal and modeling the learning model using the collected data.