Abstract: A water recovery system can treat water in a confined space. The wastewater treatment system includes a cation-exchange device in which water to be treated, such as wastewater originating in a space station, water discharged by the human body, water produced by condensing water vapor contained in the air, is directly introduced to a cation-exchange resin and thereby treated by cation exchange; a diamond-electrode electrolysis device in which organic substances, urea, and other nitrogen compounds contained in water discharged from the cation-exchange device are decomposed; a catalytic decomposition device in which the residual organic component is brought into contact with a catalyst to be decomposed; an electrodialysis device in which water discharged from the catalytic decomposition device is treated by electrodialysis to produce desalted water as well as an acid and an alkali; and a mineral adding device in which a mineral is added to the desalted water.

Abstract: A state of a ballast water treatment system of a ship detected by a variety of sensors is monitored by transmitting it to a control means provided with a data storage/transmission means. The control means transmits from a satellite communication means to a satellite communication means on the receiving side via a communication satellite, and a host computer receives it. The host computer analyzes and monitors information from the various sensors S1 to S6 and sends back an optimal operation state, which is received by the satellite communication means on the ship side via the communication satellite, and the control means maintains an operation of the ballast water treatment system based on instructions from the host computer. According to the remote monitoring device for a ballast water treatment system as above, the ballast water treatment system can be monitored and controlled from remote.

Abstract: Contaminants present inside an ultrapure water production system are prevented from being fed into a feed pipe connected to a water use point and, after sterilization cleaning, the system is prevented from being contaminated by contaminants captured on a microparticle removal membrane during sterilization cleaning. Ultrapure water having high quality is thereby fed to a water use point within a short period of time. An ultrapure water production system is provided with a tank, a pump, a heat exchanger, an ultraviolet device, an ion-exchange device, a first microparticle removal membrane device, and a second microparticle removal membrane device. Parts of sterilization water and flush water are fed into the first microparticle removal membrane device and discharged from a feedwater-side potion to a concentrated-water-side portion without permeating through a microparticle removal membrane thereof, and the remaining part of the water is passed through the second microparticle removal membrane device.

Abstract: In an electrodeposition treatment of an iron-group metal ion-containing liquid, without being influenced by the properties of the iron-group metal ion-containing liquid, iron-group metal ions are efficiently removed from the liquid by precipitation. An anode chamber 2A provided with an anode 2 and a cathode chamber 3A provided with a cathode 3 are separated from each other by a cation exchange membrane 5, an iron-group metal ion-containing liquid is charged into the anode chamber 2A, a cathode liquid is charged into the cathode chamber 3A, and by applying the voltage between the anode 2 and the cathode 3, iron-group metal ions in the liquid in the anode chamber 2A are moved into the liquid in the cathode chamber 3A through the cation exchange membrane 5, so that an iron-group metal is precipitated on the cathode 3.

Abstract: To allow online monitoring of the overall concentration of oxidizing substances in electrolyzed sulfuric acid, for example, in a cleaning system, absorbance data having undergone baseline correction in relation to the overall concentration of oxidizing substances by using a standard sample liquid in the form of an electrolyzed sulfuric acid preparation liquid having the same sulfuric acid concentration as the sulfuric acid concentration of the electrolyzed sulfuric acid is prepared, and absorbance is measured over wavelengths ranging from 190 to 290 nm by using a sample liquid in the form of electrolyzed sulfuric acid having a sulfuric acid concentration ranging from 60 to 97% by mass and a liquid temperature ranging from 20 to 70° C. to measure the overall concentration of oxidizing substances in the electrolyzed sulfuric acid on the basis of the data. The overall concentration of oxidizing substances in the electrolyzed sulfuric acid can thus be immediately measured.

Abstract: To provide a method for improving a rejection rate of an RO membrane, which further improves the stability of removal performance (rejection rate) and flux stability (sustainability of contamination resistance). In a method for improving a rejection rate of an RO membrane, including a step of allowing an aqueous solution containing a polyphenol to pass through an RO membrane, the method further includes a step of allowing an aqueous solution containing at least one type selected from the group consisting of a modified poly(vinyl alcohol), a high molecular polysaccharide, and a poly(amino acid) to pass through the RO membrane. The method preferably further includes a step of allowing an aqueous solution containing an organic compound having an amino group and having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less to pass through the RO membrane.

Abstract: Provided are a concentration-factor measurement device and method for accurately calculating a concentration factor of circulating water, and a method for measuring a water-quality index value of the circulating water. The concentration-factor measurement device includes a light-absorbance measurement unit (1) for measuring absorbance by irradiating each of cells (12A-12C) with light, and an electrode measurement unit (2) equipped with electrodes (16, 17) that are inserted into a water sample in a container (20). For each item of water quality, the device calculates a concentration factor on the basis of a measured value measured when the water sample (W) is the circulating water, and a measured value measured when the water sample (W) is makeup water. A plurality of concentration factors are calculated on the basis of the measured values for plural items of water quality. Hence an accurate concentration factor can be obtained.

Abstract: A cleaning method including a persulphuric acid producing step of causing a cleaning sulfuric acid solution to travel into an electrolyzing section and to circulate therethrough to produce persulphuric acid having a predetermined concentration by electrolysis in the electrolyzing section, a solution mixing step of mixing the sulfuric acid solution containing the persulphuric acid produced in the persulphuric acid producing step with a halide solution containing one or more types of halide ion without causing the solutions to travel into the electrolyzing section to produce a mixed solution having a post-mixture concentration of oxidant including the persulphuric acid that ranges from 0.001 to 2 mol/L, a heating step of heating the mixed solution, and a cleaning step of cleaning a semiconductor substrate by transporting the heated mixed solution to cause the heated mixed solution to come into contact with the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A flocculation monitoring apparatus and a flocculation monitoring method are provided, and the flocculation monitoring apparatus and the flocculation monitoring method are capable of stably measuring a flocculation state of water to be treated even when the number (density) of flocs has increased. A measurement-light applying part (laser-light applying part 10) applies a measurement light to a measurement region (18) in the water to be treated (8) and a scattered-light receiving part (12) receives a scattered light due to particles of the water to be treated. A measurement value arithmetic part (arithmetic circuit 48) calculates an index related to flocculation of the water to be treated, by using an amplitude of a light reception signal acquired in the scattered-light receiving part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for cleaning a semiconductor substrate wherein Al is at last partially exposed on a silicon substrate and silicided with a metallic substance without damaging the Al and a silicide layer. A cleaning portion cleans the aforementioned semiconductor substrate. A delivery portion, disposed on the cleaning portion, delivers a solution to the semiconductor substrate. A sulfuric acid solution transfer path connected onto the delivery portion transfers a sulfuric acid solution and an adsorptive inhibitor solution transfer path connected to the delivery path transfers an adsorptive inhibitor having any one or more of N-based, S-based, and P-based polar groups to the delivery portion. The sulfuric acid solution and the adsorptive inhibitor may be mixed or separately transferred to come into contact with the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: Water discharged from a circulating cooling water system is treated by a water recovery system including a clarification equipment and an RO membrane, and treated water is returned to the circulating cooling water system. A dispersant is added to the circulating cooling water system for dispersing scale components. The dispersant includes a polymer having a carboxyl group and having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 or less, and permeates through the clarification equipment. The polymer having a carboxyl group and having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 or less permeates through the clarification equipment, and performs as a scale dispersing agent for the RO membrane, preventing precipitation of scale. Since the polymer intrinsically has an anticorrosion effect, it becomes unnecessary to add a phosphoric acid compound to the cooling water system as an anticorrosion agent, or the required amount of the compound to be added can be reduced.

Abstract: In measuring a dissolved substance, a concentration of a specific dissolved substance in a sample water is measured using a measuring water W1 developing a specific color within a specific pH range by adding each of two reagents to a sample water W0, and an acid-base indicator S developing different colors other than the specific color is selected in a first pH range including the specific pH range and a second pH range deviating from the first pH range. Next, a reagent is prepared by adding the acid-base indicator to one reagent wherein a pH value of a reagent added water where the two kinds of reagents are separately added to the sample water is within the second pH range. Next, absorbance values are calculated by three region component lights which are a transmitted light in the measuring water wherein the prepared reagent is added.

Abstract: A reagent includes a coloring agent allowing a measured solution to develop a color transmitting a region component light for a dissolved-substance concentration measurement selected from three region component lights of red, green, and blue obtained by transmitting a light including a visible light region to the measured solution colored by addition of the reagent to the sample, and dividing a light of the visible light region of a transmitted light thereof into roughly three portions. Based on the transmitted light from the measured solution with the coloring agent added, an absorbance of the region component light for the dissolved-substance concentration measurement, and an absorbance A3 of another region component light resulted only from the coloring agent are calculated. Whether or not the reagent in a necessary quantity is added to the sample can be judged by comparing the absorbance A3 and a standard absorbance A0.

Abstract: Provided is a method for removing a scale in a steam generation facility, whereby it becomes possible to remove a scale deposited on the inside of a boiler vessel during the operation of a boiler without causing corrosion of the boiler. A method for removing a scale in a steam generation facility is disclosed, wherein in the steam generation facility, a pH of boiler water is adjusted to 11.3 or more, and a polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight that is 0.50 to 2.00 times a reference weight average molecular weight as calculated from the following calculation formula (1), or a salt thereof, is added in accordance with the pH value of the boiler water during the operation of a boiler, thereby removing a scale deposited on the inside of a boiler vessel: Reference weight average molecular weight=?8462×{(pH value)?11.3}+61538??(1).

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method for producing ultrapure water of extremely high purity that sufficiently meets the requirement for its quality at low production cost with reduced footprint. The apparatus for producing ultrapure water includes a pretreatment system, a primary water purification system, and a subsystem, wherein the primary water purification system includes a high-pressure reverse osmotic membrane separation unit, a degassing unit, an ultraviolet oxidation unit, and an ion-exchange unit in this order.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of polymer dispersions for dust control, wherein these polymer dispersions can be obtained by radically initiated emulsion polymerisation of the components a to e: a. 2-75% by weight styrene and/or substituted styrene and b. 0 to 75% by weight acrylic acid C1-C2 ester and/or methacrylic acid C1 to C12 ester and c. 0 to 50% by weight acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile and d. 0 to 50% by weight of at least one further copolymerisable ethylenically unsaturated monomers with one or more C—C double bonds in the presence of e. 10 to 7% by weight starch and/or modified starch and/or degraded starch and/or degrated modified starch wherein the polymerisation is carried out in water.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a liquid heater for rapidly heating a liquid without overheating the liquid. The liquid heater comprises a liquid flow channel having a passage through which liquid flows, a heating part disposed outside the liquid flow channel, a heat reflecting part facing a heat radiating side of the heating part, and a cooling part through which a cooling medium flows adjacent a reverse side of a reflecting surface of the heat reflecting part for cooling the heat reflecting part. Radiant heat not absorbed in the liquid is reflected by the heat reflecting part. The heat reflecting part reflects radiant heat cooled by the cooling part so that the body of the liquid heater and peripheral members are maintained at a temperature not higher than a predetermined temperature to prevent overheating the liquid.

Abstract: A liquid heating method and apparatus including a heat device 7 having a flow passage member forming a tubular flow passage for passing a sulfuric acid solution, a heater arranged on an outside of at least one of opposing flow passage surfaces of the tubular flow passage, a liquid draining line 10, an atmosphere opening line 12, valves 11 and 13, a liquid draining mechanism for draining the sulfuric acid solution heated at least in a heat receiving area between the opposing liquid flow passage surfaces of the tubular flow passage, a flow meter 6 for measuring a flow rate of the sulfuric acid solution, and a control unit 14 responsive to the flow meter 6 for determining a defective liquid flow in the tubular flow passage and for draining the sulfuric acid solution using the liquid draining mechanism.

Abstract: Provided is an agent for treating water circulating through a wet paint booth, the agent being capable of reducing the adhesion of a solvent-based paint and coagulating a solvent-based paint to a sufficient degree regardless of the type of the paint, the type of the curing agent used, or the facility conditions, the agent also being capable of markedly reducing the foaming of a water-based paint, even when being used in a small amount. An agent for treating water circulating through a wet paint booth includes a phenolic resin having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 3,000 and 100,000 or less, the phenolic resin serving as an active component. A method for treating circulating water circulating through a wet paint booth includes coagulating a water-based paint and/or a solvent-based paint included in the circulating water by adding the agent to the circulating water.

Abstract: A combined chlorine agent having a low concentration of free chlorine and a high concentration of combined chlorine whereby the combined chlorine concentration of water can be increased when added to water systems at a low concentration of free chlorine. The combined chlorine agent is an aqueous agent which contains an alkali metal hydroxide, sulfamic acid, and an oxidizing agent based on chlorine, wherein the compositional ratio of the oxidizing agent based on chlorine to the sulfamic acid is in the range from 0.45 to 0.6 by Cl/N (mole ratio), the compositional ratio of the oxidizing agent based on chlorine to alkali is in the range from 0.3 to 0.4 by Cl/alkali metal (mole ratio), and the free chlorine concentration in the aqueous agent is 2% by weight or lower of the total chlorine concentration.