Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a polymer or a compound having at least one 5-membered ring dithiocarbonate group represented by general formula (I): (wherein, in the formula, R1, R2, and R3 are the same or different, each of which denotes hydrogen or a lower alkyl), and a ketimine derivative, an enamine derivative, or an aldimine derivative. The composition is useful in coatings, adhesives, inks, sealing agents, sealants, and the like.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing alcohols or aldehydes by reacting monoolefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen with less formation of by-products. The process comprises the step of reacting a monoolefin with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl catalyst until the conversion of monoolefin reaches 50-90% (the first reaction step), the step of separating unreacted monoolefin from the reaction mixture obtained in the first reaction step (the step of separation of unreacted monoolefin) and the step of reacting the separated unreacted monoolefin with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a cobalt carbonyl catalyst (the second reaction step), wherein at least one of the first reaction step and the second reaction step is carried out in the presence of water.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adhesive comprising a polyester polyol or polyurethane polyol possessing structural units represented by the following general formula (I) within its molecular structure, and an organic polyisocyanate in which the isocyanate groups may be protected: wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each represents lower alkyl. The adhesive of the present invention exhibits an excellent initial adhesion strength; and provides adhered objects that exhibit an excellent permanent adhesion strength, hot water resistance, flexibility, flexibility at a low temperature, and fatigue resistance, and is useful in adhering plastic, metal, and the like. In addition, the present invention provides a method of mixing the aforementioned components and using the mixture for adhesion, and a use of the mixture of the aforementioned components.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing 3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione represented by the following general formula (III) (usual name: “squaric acid”) through the following reaction processes 1˜4, using a vinyl ether represented by the following general formula (V) and a halogenoacetyl halide represented by the following general formula (VI) as starting materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a polymer or a compound having at least one 5-membered ring dithiocarbonate group represented by general formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are the same or different and each of which represents hydrogen or lower alkyl), a nucleophile, and a metal compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition containing a polyester resin processing, within its molecular structure, a structural unit represented by the following formula (I), and an amino resin: ##STR1## [wherein, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl, with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 do not simultaneously represent hydrogen atoms]. In addition, the present invention provides a cured resin obtained by means of hardening said resin composition, and a paint containing said resin composition. The aforementioned resin composition provides a cured material that exhibits excellent resistance to hydrolysis, resistance to alkali, and resistance to cissing, and thus is suitable for a paint and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyester polyol comprising within its molecular structure both structural units respectively represented by the following general formula (I) and general formula (II). In addition, the present invention provides a polyurethane using the polyester polyol of the present invention. This polyurethane exhibits excellent resistance to hydrolysis, resistance to alkali, mechanical strength, and the like. ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each represents lower alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms), ##STR2## (wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and each represents lower alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diglycidyl ether represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different, and represent lower alkyl having 1.about.6 carbon atoms), a composition including the glycidyl ether and epoxy resin, and epoxy resin cured product obtained by the composition. The glycidyl ether can be used as a reactive diluent for epoxy resins.

Abstract: In the formulae, R.sup.1 represents alkyl; and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and X independently represent halogen. The present invention relates to a method for producing 3,4-dihydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1, 2-dione of general formula (II) by hydrolyzing 3-alkoxy-2, 2, 4, 4-tetrahalogenocyclobutanone derivative of general formula (I).

Abstract: An improved method for separating an ester formed in a reaction mixture is disclosed. The method comprises controlling the ratio of organic acid and alcohol utilized and the removal of unreacted alcohol as an alcohol-ester azeotrope.

Abstract: A method of producing .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated ethers, which comprises decomposing an acetal having at least one hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom contiguous to the carbon atom of the group ##STR1## in its molecule in the presence of a calcium phosphate catalyst to produce a reaction product containing the corresponding .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated ether.