Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of ABS resins comprising the steps of (a) imbibing a stabilized latex of a rubbery polymer with styrene in an amount of about 1.5 and 15 parts by weight per 100 parts of dry latex and with acrylonitrile in an amount of about 5 to 15 parts by weight per 100 parts of dry latex; (b) introducing the imbibed latex into a polymerization vessel; (c) introducing into the polymerization vessel a mixture of styrene, acrylonitrile and a free radical initiator; (d) introducing a polymerization activator into the polymerization vessel; (e) polymerization the styrene and acrylonitrile in the polymerization vessel in the presence of the latex, whereby an ABS graft copolymer is produced; and (f) withdrawing the ABS polymer from the polymerization vessel.

Abstract: Disclosed are surface-active compositions for dispersing or collecting oil slicks on water or for protecting or cleaning beaches, which compositions comprise(a) a mixture of surface-active compounds comprising at least one solid compound and at least one liquid compound, and(b) a mixture of solvents comprising a glycol ether and at least one n-paraffin having from about 10 to 16 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for partially and selectively hydrogenating a natural oil is disclosed which comprises the step of treating said natural oil in the presence of a nickel catalyst and such an amount of an organic nitrogen-containing basic compound which is equivalent to from about 5 to about 40 atoms of nitrogen per 100 atoms of nickel with hydrogen. By this process, liquid hydrogenation products are obtained and the formation of trans-isomers and/or conjugated dienes and/or saturated compounds is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A composition obtained by mixing polystyrene with a master-batch composition containing a mixture of a vinyl aromatic polymer, a rubbery dienic polymer and a sequenced copolymer of styrene and diene, the total styrene polymer content of this master-batch composition including both the free polystyrene and the polystyrene present in the sequenced copolymer, being between 50 and 80% by weight of the composition, the total rubber content of this master-batch composition, including both the rubbery dienic polymer and the dienic polymer present in the sequenced copolymer being between 20 and 50% by weight of the composition, the sequenced copolymer content being such that it introduces from 3 to 90% by weight of the total rubber in the composition, the total percent rubber content of said master-batch composition being at least 1.5 times the total percent rubber content of the final composition.

Abstract: An improved high-impact polystyrene is disclosed comprising a blend of a polystyrene having a large rubber particle size and a polystyrene having a very fine rubber particle size, combined in such proportions that an improved balance of properties is achieved. Preferably, each polystyrene graft copolymer is prepared by a mass-suspension polymerization process and has a specific degree of grafting.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing expandable beads of vinyl aromatic polymer resin which provide cellular materials having a smaller and more uniform cell size, comprising the steps of suspension polymerizing beads of the vinyl aromatic polymer resin, and impregnating the beads while in suspension with a liquid blowing agent in the presence of an emulsifier comprising a diethanolamide of a fatty acid containing from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance lower than 15.

Abstract: A composition comprising a mixture of a styrene polymer, a rubbery dienic polymer and a sequenced copolymer of styrene and a diene, the total styrene polymer content which includes the free polystyrene and the polystyrene present in the sequenced copolymer is between 50 and 99% by weight of the composition, the total rubber content, which include the rubbery dienic polymer and the dienic polymer present in the sequenced copolymer, is between 1 and 50% by weight of the composition, the amount of sequenced copolymer being such as to bring to the composition from 3 to 90% by weight of the total rubber in the composition.

Abstract: A process for producing a partially sulfurized nickel catalyst is disclosed wherein a pre-reduced nickel catalyst comprising nickel having a crystallite size of between about 10 and about 200 A is treated with at least one organic sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of thiophene, alkylthiophenes and mono-, and disulfides and mercaptans, at a temperature of between about 75.degree. and about 200.degree. C at a sufficient hydrogen pressure and for a period of time sufficient to produce a partially sulfurized nickel catalyst containing from about 1.5 to about 8 parts by weight of sulfur per 100 parts by weight of nickel.

Abstract: A method for the determination of the organic carbon content of raw mineral materials, e.g., raw rocks, sediments and the like, is disclosed which comprises pyrolyzing a sample of raw material which is previously crushed at a temperature of between 400.degree. and 1,000.degree. C, analyzing the pyrolysis gases by gas chromatography, and determining the benzene content of the pyrolysis gases. By determining the benzene content of pyrolysis products from raw materials with a known organic carbon content, the relationship between these two values at a given pyrolysis temperature is determined prior to the analysis of unknown material. An apparatus for effecting this determination method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating polymers which are derived from olefin units containing 4 carbon atoms is disclosed whereby white oils which exhibit a low iodine value (e.g., below 0.26) are obtained under relatively mild reaction conditions. The hydrogenation is effected in the presence of a catalyst comprising platinum on an alumina support exhibiting a total pore volume of at least 0.25 ml/g of which about 90 to 98% are provided by pores the mean size of which is below 100A.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating polymers which are derived from olefin units containing 4 carbon atoms is disclosed whereby white oils which exhibit a low iodine value (e.g., below 0.26) are obtained under relatively mild reaction conditions. The hydrogenation is effected in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium on a bimodal alumina support ehibiting a total pore volume of at least 0.25 ml/g of which 35 to 50% are provided by small pores the mean size of which is below 300A and 25 to 35% are provided by large pores the mean size of which is above 300A and is at least 1.5 times the mean size of the small pores.

Abstract: A high molecular weight polymer characterized by chains of benzene rings comprising alternatively di-substituted rings and tri-substituted rings, wherein the di-substituted rings comprise a major part of 1,3 (meta)- and a minor part of 1,4 (para)- di-substituted rings, and the tri-substituted rings are members of the group consisting of 1,3,5-, 1,2,4- and mixtures of 1,3,5- and 1,2,4- tri-substituted rings, these tri-substituted rings being substituted by 1 to 3 chains of benzene rings, each of the other substituents being a benzene ring which is unsubstituted or is substituted by a radical of the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and halogen radicals.

Abstract: An improved fire retardant polystyrenic composition comprising a polystyrenic resin, a fire retardant agent selected from the group consisting of halogenated and phosphorous-containing fire retardant agents and combinations thereof, antimony oxide and an aliphatic nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of amines, amides and ammonium compounds containing from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, mixtures thereof and the oxyalcoylated derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A catalytic system for oligomerizing olefins comprising (1), an aluminum compound of formula Al(R).sub.n X.sub.3-n or a mixture of such compounds, wherein R is a straight chain or branched alkyl radical containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, n is 1, 2 or 3 and X is a halogen, (2), an organic complex of a metal of Group VIII of the periodic table, and (3), a promotor comprising a compound of formula R'X wherein R' is a straight chain or branched alkyl radical containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted, and X is a halogen, the molar ratio of promotor to aluminum compound being between 0.05 and 20.

Abstract: Overbased calcium sulfonates and concentrated oily solutions thereof are prepared by reacting a solution of alkylbenzene sulfonic acids with an excess of a calcium oxide having a medium or low activity towards water and with carbon dioxide. Oily solutions of overbased calcium sulfonate obtained from such a calcium oxide are perfectly limpid and are easily filtrable.

Abstract: A lubricating grease comprised of 2 to 8% by weight of an aluminum fatty acid soap, 25 to 98% by weight of a polymer of hydrogenated polyisobutylene having a mean molecular weight ranging from 300 to 2500, 0.2% polyisobutylene having a mean molecular weight higher than 100,000 and about 2 to 58% of lubricating oil.

Abstract: A lubricating grease comprised of 2 to 8% by weight of an aluminium fatty acid soap, 25 to 98% by weight of a polymer of a non hydrogenated polyisobutylene having a mean molecular weight ranging from 300 to 2500, 0.2% polyisobutylene having a mean molecular weight higher than 100,000, and about 2 to 58% of lubricating oil.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing acid polyester resins used for the manufacture of coatings, especially powder coatings, wherein a prepolymer having a hydroxyl index of between 40 and 200 is reacted with isophthalic acid to form an acid polyester resin having an acid index between 50 and 100 which is further reacted with an epoxy resin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing an aqueous solution of an acrylamide polymer having an average molecular weight of from about 800,000 to 2,000,000 and having a viscosity between about 2,000 and 8,000 centipoise (at 25.degree. C), comprising the steps of first initiating the polymerization of an aqueous solution of acrylamide-based monomer in the presence of a free-radical catalyst and an amine reducing agent and then adjusting the pH of the solution to a value between about 3 and 6.

Abstract: A functional fluid comprising a mixture of (A) an orthophosphoric acid ester of the formula O = P = (OR).sub.3, wherein the groups R, which may be the same or different, are an alkyl radical, an aryl radical or an alkylaryl radical and (B) a transesterification product between a dihydroxy aromatic compound and a phosphorous compound selected from the group consisting of the phosphorous acid ester ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, are alkyl radicals, aryl radicals or alkylaryl radicals. The structural units, and their molecular weight may vary from about 500 to about 2000.