Abstract: Lines of various slopes and positions are generated simply in a computer aided manual drafting system. Such lines may be drawn with a modified puck manually movable over a surface to control the position of a cursor in an electronic computer display, and may be stored for later adoption in a manually directed computer aided drafting step. The puck senses two spaced positions on a surface over which it moves, thereby to define the slope of a line positioned with a datum point at the cursor location positioned by the puck in a conventional manner. Lines in this system are defined by two points in a coordinate system, namely a datum position point and a slope position point. This format affords simplified entry, processing and storage of line data in a computer.

Abstract: A processing apparatus for use in the processing of transverse fish body sections includes a support frame and a video camera for providing a video image of a transverse fish body section to be processed when aimed at the fish body section along a preselected line of sight. A fish section support is provided for supporting the transverse fish section substantially over its area. The support can be invisible on the video photo image and preferably includes a plurality of spaced apart beams which are of a small dimensional width so that they do not appear on the video photo image that contains the fish body sections. A fluid jetting knife is movable with respect to the transverse fish body section for cutting the section with a pressurized fluid stream and positioned to traverse both the fish section and the support means during the cutting operation.

Abstract: A stairway fabricating apparatus includes a structural machine frame that can support an elongated linear stringer work piece thereupon. A plurality of tread supports include multiple work stations which are movably supported by the frame for simultaneously supporting multiple, selectively pre-spaced stair-step treads in a position against the stringer so that the tread and stringer can be connected to define thereafter horizontal stair-step positions of staircase treads that are of a pre-selected spacing and of a pre-selected angular position with respect to the stringer. Connection of the treads to the stringers can be accomplished by welding, for example, once the correct linear spacing and the correct angular position of the treads are selected.

Abstract: A module for forming a conveyor belt (22) having a variable and selectable conveying surface and which is comprised of a plurality of identical modules (36, 38, 40, 42 and 44) preferably formed by injection molding is disclosed. Each module (36) has a top side and bottom side, and includes a plurality of elongated elements each of which has first pivot ends (36A) and second pivot ends (36B) formed integral with an intermediate section (54). Each of the plurality of pivot ends define pivot holes (62) which have axes (64 and 66) aligned such that the pivot ends of other modules may be pivotally connected by a pivot rod (46 and 50). Modules of a conveying belt receives a driving force which is applied to the module orthogonally to the pivot axis and substantially parallel to a first plane defined by the first and second axis (64 and 66).

Abstract: A conveyor belt composed of a plurality of interconnected modules, each of identical construction and end to end mateable. Each module includes a multiplicity of elongated parallel spaced link elements terminating in first and second link ends. An intermediate section between the link ends is of grid-like structure providing a box beam across the width of the module for structural strength. This intermediate section also includes angled surfaces which define sprocket recesses located midway between the pivot axes and which are adapted to mate with corresponding sprocket teeth of an associated sprocket wheel. These intermediate sprocket recesses provide the benefit of minimizing chordal action and scrubbing between the mating surfaces of the module and sprocket.

Abstract: A conveyor belt composed of interconnected identical modules of integral plastic molded construction. Each of the modules includes a multiplicity of elongated parallel spaced link elements having first and second pluralities of link ends and an intermediate section of a grid-like structure between the link ends. The link ends each include a portion projecting from one side of each of the link elements along the pivotal axis of the module. The portions extend from the same facing side for each group of link ends, such that when adjacent modules are linked together the projecting portions of adjacent link ends are rotated 180.degree. with respect to each other, in that the projecting portions of the link ends of each adjoining module extend in opposite directions. Thus, the flat sides of the linked ends of mated modules are in engagement to provide only a very small offset in the line of pull through the adjacent link elements to minimize bending forces in the links and link ends.

Abstract: A transmission or conveyor chain composed of a plurality of interconnected identical links which are attachable and detachable without need for pivot pins or other separate connecting hardware. Each link is preferably molded as a unitary structure of plastic material.

Abstract: An improved heat exchanger is shown for indirect heat exchange between two fluid media. The heat exchanger has thin metallic walls and a multitude of convoluted or tortuous shaped internal flow passages to increase the effective contact time during which heat is transferred between the media. The heat exchanger is particularly suitable for heat exchange between fluids having low differential temperatures or specific heats, due to the thin wall structure, the elongated tortuous internal flow path created by the core structure and the absence of welds, soldering or other thick areas which tend to inhibit heat transfer due to their relatively greater mass. The heat exchanger is produced by a novel technique. A support matrix is assembled from a plurality of low melting point forms, each of which has angled internal passages. The passages of each form are positioned in register with the passages of adjacent forms.

Abstract: Plastic portions of a container rim and mating lid are fused together by an electrical conductor wire loop positioned therebetween when electromagnetically coupled to an induction heating coil. The wire forms a tab extending outside the closed container which may be manually manipulated to remove a lid fused in place to close the container. This container may be hermetically sealed with sanitized foodstuff or the like by concurrently sterilizing with microwave energy while fusing the lid in place.

Abstract: A desk top CRT visual display system for eliminating reflections and glare with respect to an observer having a selected eyepoint is disclosed. The system includes a CRT 18 having a viewing plane 30. The CRT 18 is oriented with respect to a nomimal eyepoint 22 of an observer such that the viewing plane 30 is at a selected angle of between 70.degree. and 30.degree. with respect to a line of sight extending from the selected nominal eyepoint 22. The system is supported by a desk top 26 which also typically supports keyboard 28 at a viewing position juxtaposed to the visual display CRT 18. The system also includes a light obstructing top shield 16 having a front edge 44 and a light absorbing under surface 46. The front edge 44 of light obstructing shield 16, and the display angle of the viewing plane 30 of CRT 18 are selected such that a light path extending from the eyepoint 22 to any point on the viewing plane 30 is reflected into the light absorbing surface 46 of light obstructing top shield 16.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method for permanently joining integrally formed plastic screw conveyor modules is disclosed. A support means supported by a base supports a multiplicity of previously joined modules. A holding means also mounted to the base supports a single module to be joined to the already joined modules. The holding means supports the single module such that the axial member of the single module is aligned with the axial member of the multiplicity of modules. A melting means such as a heating plate is placed in firm contact between the ends of the modules to be joined until the plastic begins to melt. The heating plate is then removed and the modules while being supported firmly along their axis are pressed together and maintained in such a position until the melted plastic begins to solidify and thereby joining or bonding the single module to the already joined modules.

Abstract: A processing apparatus for use in the processing of transverse fish body sections includes a support frame and a video camera for providing a video image of a transverse fish body section to be processed when aimed at the fish body section along a preselected line of sight. A fish section support is provided for supporting the transverse fish section substantially over its area. The support can be invisible on the video photo image and preferably includes a plurality of spaced apart beams which are of a small dimensional width so that they do not appear on the video photo image that contains the fish body sections. A fluid jetting knife is movable with respect to the transverse fish body section for cutting the section with a pressurized fluid stream and positioned to traverse both the fish section and the support means during the cutting operation.

Abstract: Apparatus for bonding or joining confronting edges of flights of adjacent integrally molded screw conveyor modules is disclosed. The apparatus comprises means for supporting a plurality of the modules in axial alignment and with confronting edges of the module flight members in confronting relationship. Also included is a clamping means for enclosing and maintaining the confronting edges in a fixed position. The clamping means includes at least one passage extending from outside the clamp to a position inside the clamp between the confronting edges. A heated gas such as nitrogen is provided through the passage to the confronting edge to heat the edges substantially to the melting point of the plastic modules. Subsequent to heating the edges with the hot gas, a liquid plastic material under selected temperature and pressure is injected through the clamp passage and into the space between the confronting flight edges to fill the space between the edges and to bond the flights together.

Abstract: An automated butchering method and system for separating the edible loin portions of transverse tuna slices. Each transverse slice of the principal loin bearing section of a tuna is viewed or scanned to produce electrical signals representative of the boundary between the edible loin portions and the contiguous waste meat portions. Control signals can be derived from these electrical signals for government of cutting apparatus for precise separation of the edible loin portions along the detected boundary.

Abstract: A two stroke spark ignition engine requiring a minimum of one pair of cylinders is constructable in multiple cylinder pairs. Each cylinder contains two oppositely working pistons. Four pistons drive, without rocking couples, opposite sides of a single crankshaft having three crankpins. Two paired cylinders are interconnected through and share a common precombustion chamber insuring cylinder pressure equalization and require only one fuel injector and one spark plug. The valveless engine has piston controlled intake and exhaust ports and crank phasing insures that exhaust ports are opened and closed prior to the respective opening and closing of the intake ports rendering the uniflow scavenged cylinders superchargeable. The precombustion chamber is optionally made variable in volume to simultaneously provide a variable compression ratio to both cylinders without affecting piston geometry or stroke.

Abstract: An improved heat exchanger is shown for indirect heat exchange between two fluid media. The heat exchanger has thin metallic walls and a multitude of convoluted shaped internal flow passages, increasing the effective contact time during which heat is transferred between the media. The heat exchanger is particularly suitable for heat exchange between fluids having low differential temperatures or specific heats, due to the thin wall structure, the elongated internal flow path created by the convoluted core structure and the absence of welds, soldering, or other thick areas which tend to inhibit heat transfer due to their relatively greater mass. The heat exchanger may be produced by a novel technique. A support matrix is assembled from a plurality of low melting point forms, each of which has angled internal passages. The passages of each form are positioned in register with the passages of adjacent forms.

Abstract: A cartridge retention system includes a cartridge carrying electronic, compressed gas or other components which has a spring-loaded button at one end and which is removably mounted in the breech of an adapter module connected either in a streamer section or between opposing ends of adjacent streamer sections of a towed array. The cartridge is demountably retained within the adapter by providing an adapter housing with a breech which is somewhat longer than the cartridge, and by providing the housing with an overlying two part shell which is rotatable about the housing, with one of the shell parts containing an aperture to accommodate cartridge insertion and with both parts containing an internal circumferential groove adapted to coact with the spring-loaded button on the cartridge to move the cartridge from one end of the breech to the other end upon rotation of the shell.

Abstract: Apparatus, such as a compass, for determining the positional relationship between two structures having limited motion therebetween is disclosed. The apparatus includes a photoelectric array spaced from an illuminating or light source. The array and light source are mounted to a first structure or member, such as for example, a compass housing. A second member suitable for limited motion such as a rotating disc having a mask mounted thereon is located between the array and the light source so as to substantially block light transmitted from the source being received by the array. The mask, however, includes light transmission areas of selected shapes, such as for example, a spiral, or three lines. These light transmissive areas result in the illumination of unique, random patterns of individual elements of the array for each specific relative position between the first member and the second member.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for preparing cooked crabs for further processing to separate meat from shell by centrifugal action is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a holding means (28), cooperating with a clamping means (190, 192) for securing a crab body (30) to a conveying means (20). The conveying means (20) moves the crab body (30) which has had the carapace shell removed along a predetermined path to a cutting means such as for example circular blades (50A-50D). The circular blades are supported and driven such that as the crab body is moved into the blades by conveying means (20), these blades make a "V" cross-sectional shape cut extending betwee the front and rear of the crab. The open or top of the "V" shape is located at the top or back of the crab and the "tip" of the "V" extends into the crab body such that the "tip" is proximate to but does not cut through the belly shell of the crab. Thus, a "V" cross-sectional portion (116) containing the viscera of the crab is removed from the crab body.

Abstract: An improved metering valve, or flush valve, incorporates a rolling diaphragm mechanism of a cylindrical elastomeric material providing a smoothly transitioning flow rate control from the full open to the full close position. The rolling diaphragm sealing means is actuated by a floating cup driven by the differential pressure between the valve fluid inlet and an intermediate actuation control chamber. The valve control is spring biased to the normally closed position and is actuated by dumping all fluid from the control chamber through a poppet mechanism which is triggered mechanically through a sealing diaphragm. Upon dumping fluid from the metering chamber, the actuating cup is compressed by the pressure of the inlet fluids to roll the diaphragm to a substantially open position.