Abstract: A process for purification of crude clavulanic acid and its subsequent conversion to its potassium salt. A crude clavulanic acid extract is contacted in an organic solvent with an alkylenediamine of the formula II ##STR1## wherein the substituents R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each individually denote a hydrogen atom, or a straight chain or a branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 denotes a hydrogen atom, and n denotes an integer 1. The thus obtained alkylenediammonium diclavulanates of the formula I are isolated ##STR2## wherein the substituents R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 and n have the meanings as defined at formula II. Salts of the alkylenediammonium diclavulanate of the formula I are converted with potassium 2-ethyl-hexanoate in isopropanol into potassium salt of clavulanic acid.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new method for the purification of vancomycin hydrochloride by preparative HPLC (method of displacement chromatography), whereby the chromatographic purity of the product is essentialy improved.The chromatography is performed on a reverse stationary phase with a mobile phase consisting of an organic or inorganic acid or of a buffer with possible additives, with different displacing agents, at a defined pH and temperature as well as the amount and concentration of vancomycin hydrochloride.The process is distinguished by the excellent yield and exceptional chromatographic purity 95.5% area of the obtained product and, besides, it represents an ecologically irreproachable process.The vancomycin hydrochloride purified according to the present invention is useful for all types of application since the portion of impurities it contains is for one third lower than in hitherto known commercially available products.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a new process for the purification of vancomycin hydrochloride by combining preparative chromatography on a silica gel column and the precipitation with ethanol from a salt-water-ethanolic solution without intermediary filtering, whereby the chromatographic purity of the product is improved.The chromatography is carried out on a column containing a silica gel stationary phase and an alkaline water-methanolic mobile phase at defined pH, mobile phase flow and temperature as well as the amount and concentration of vancomycin hydrochloride. The process is distinguished by the yield and chromatographic purity of the obtained product of about 93% area.Vancomycin hydrochloride purified according to the present invention is useful for peroral as well as parenteral administration since the portion of impurities it contains is for one third smaller than in hitherto available product.

Abstract: Inclusion Complexes of Racemic Ibuproxam and of Optically Active Ibuproxam with Cyclodextrin Derivatives, Process for the Preparation Thereof, Pharmaceutical Preparations Containing these Inclusion Complexes or Containing Optically Active S-(+)-Ibuproxam, and Use ThereofThere are disclosed novel inclusion complexes of racemic ibuproxam and of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam with hydrophilic and hydrophobic cyclodextrin derivatives and, in the case of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam, also with .beta.-cyclodextrin alone. Further a process for preparing S-(+)-ibuproxam and inclusion complexes of racemic ibuproxam and of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam with hydrophilic and hydrophobic derivatives of .beta.-cyclodextrin and, in the case of optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam, also with .beta.-cyclodextrin alone, is disclosed.Disclosed are also pharmaceutical compositions containing these inclusion complexes or optically active S-(+)-ibuproxam.

Abstract: Heterocyclic acyldipeptides of the formula I ##STR1## wherein Z represents an oxygen or sulphur atom or a --CH.sub.2 -group;R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 individually represent hydrogen or certain organic groups;R.sub.4 and R.sub.5, which are identical or different, represent an OR.sub.6 or NHR.sub.6 group, wherein R.sub.6 is hydrogen or certain organic groups;Y represents a --CH.sub.2 --, .dbd.CH-- or .dbd.N-- group;A represents a --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- group when Y is --CH.sub.2 --, the two rings being transcondensed, or a ##STR2## wherein R.sub.7 represents H, F, Br, Cl, nitro, or certain organic groups when Y is .dbd.CH-- or .dbd.N--; and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are provided. These heterocyclic acyldipeptides and their salts are useful as active compounds in medicaments having immunostimulatory and antitumor activity.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the preparation of compounds having ACE inhibitory action of the formula ##STR1## wherein R has the meanings as in claim 1, wherein the stereospecific amino acid N-?1-(S)-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenylpropyl!-L-alanine is carboxylically activated with a thionyl chloride derivative wherein at least one chlorine atom is replaced by the residue of a heterocyclic ambident compound such as imidazole, benzimidazole, 2-methylimidazole or triazole, especially chlorothionylimidazole or thionyldiimidazole, in the presence of an organic solvent to the intermediate novel compound A or to the intermediate novel compound B and the obtained intermediate compound is reacted with an amino acid, preferably in the monosilylated form, most preferably in the disilylated form. Disclosed are also novel compounds useful as starting materials or intermediates in the present process.

Abstract: A process for the isolation of clavulanic acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, such as potassium clavulanate, from the aqueous fermentation broth of a clavulanic acid-producing microorganism comprises the microfiltration of the broth without prior treatment. Additional steps may include an optional ultrafiltration of the microfiltration filtrate, concentration of the filtrate, direct extraction of the concentrated filtrate with a water-immiscible organic solvent, washing, drying, and concentration of the organic solvent, and isolation of the clavulanic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt from the organic solvent.

Abstract: Described is a new process for the preparation of alkali clavulanate from an aqueous solution of crude clavulanic acid, which is obtained in a conventional manner after the fermentation with a clavulanic-acid-producing microorganism, extracted with an ethyl acetate solution of a hydrophobic .beta.-CD derivative such as heptakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl)-.beta.-CD in at least equimolar ratio with regard to clavulanic acid. The resulting novel inclusion complexes of clavulanic acid and hydrophobic .beta.-CD derivative in a molar ratio about 1:1 are isolated, purified and then converted with an alkali base or alkali alkanoate to the desired alkali clavulanate, which is isolated. Furthermore, there are described new inclusion complexes of clavulanic acid and of its pharmaceutically acceptable alkali salts both with hydrophilic .beta.-CD derivatives and with hydrophobic .beta.

Abstract: Described is a new process for the preparation of alkali clavulanate from an aqueous solution of crude clavulanic acid, which is obtained in a conventional manner after the fermentation with a clavulanic-acid-producing microorganism, extracted with an ethyl acetate solution of a hydrophobic .beta.-cyclodextrin derivative such as heptakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl)-.beta.-cyclodextrin in at least equimolar ratio with regard to clavulanic acid. The resulting novel inclusion complexes of clavulanic acid and hydrophobic .beta.-cyclodextrin derivative in a molar ratio about 1:1 are isolated, purified and then converted with an alkali base or alkali alkanoate to the desired alkali clavulanate, which is isolated. Furthermore, there are described new inclusion complexes of clavulanic acid and of its pharmaceutically acceptable alkali salts both with hydrophilic .beta.-cyclodextrin derivatives and with hydrophobic .beta.

Abstract: A new and improved process for the preparation of ceftriaxon disodium salt hemiheptahydrate of formula I ##STR1## is described, wherein 7-amino-3-{[(2,5-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-oxo-as-triazin-3-yl)thio]met hyl}-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid disodium salt is converted with a reactive 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-syn-metoxyimino acetic acid derivative such as 2-benzo-thiazolyl-thio ester in a water solution and in the presence of a suitable inert organic solvent such as acetone, at a temperature between 0.degree. C. and 40.degree. C. and then the desired compound is isolated in a very pure form and with a high total yield.Ceftriaxon is a cephalosporin antibiotic of the third generation for parenteral application and a valuable agent for the treatment of heavy infections.

Abstract: Novel inclusion complexes of racemic 1,4-dihydropyridines and enantiomers thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a phenyl group, substituted with nitro, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy group or with one or two halo atoms (especially chlorine),R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, if the same, represent methyl groups and if one of them has the meaning of a 2-aminoethoxymethyl or cyano group, the other represents a methyl group,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, if different, stand each time for a hydrogen, linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, 2-methoxyethyl, 1-(phenylmethyl)-3-piperidinylphenyl, styryl, furyl, piperidino, 4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinylethyl, 5-phenyl-3-pirazolyloxy, 1-phenyl-methyl-3-pyrrolidinyl group or a group of the formula ##STR2## or, if the same, stand each time C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, and of acid addition salts thereof with methyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin, hydroxy-ethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-.beta.

Abstract: Described is a new process for the preparation of alkali clavulanate from an aqueous solution of pure clavulanic acid and of pharmaceutically acceptable potassium crude clavulanic acid, which is obtained in a conventional manner after the fermentation with a clavulanic-acid-producing microorganism, extracted with an ethyl acetate solution of a hydrophobic .beta.-CD derivative such as heptakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl)-.beta.-CD in equimolar amount or up to 10% excess with regard to clavulanic acid. The resulting novel inclusion complexes of clavulanic acid and hydrophobic .beta.-CD derivative in a molar ratio about 1:1 are isolated, purified with water and then converted with potassium 2-ethyl hexanate to the potassium clavulanate, which is isolated. Furthermore, there are described new inclusion complexes of clavulanic acid and of its pharmaceutically acceptable potassium salt both with hydrophilic .beta.-CD derivatives and with hydrophobic .beta.

Abstract: A method of treating psychosis including administering an antipsychotically effective amount of an ergolinyl derivative of 2-propinylamine of the formula I ##STR1## wherein, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a straight-chain or branched-chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, X represents a hydrogen or a halogen atom, Z represents a carbonyl or methylene group, and C.sub.9 - - - -C.sub.10 represents a single or a double, diastereomeric forms, racemates and acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the preparation of 3-ethyl 5-methyl (.+-.) 2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-3,5-pyri dine-dicarboxylate monobenzenesulphonate (amlodipine benzenesulphonate) of formula ##STR1## wherein 3-ethyl 5-methyl (.+-.) 2-[2-(N-tritylamino)-ethoxymethyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl -3,5-pyridinecarboxylate is reacted with benzenesulphonic acid in a methanolic or an aqueous methanolic medium at a temperature from 20.degree. C. to the reflux temperature and the title compound is isolated and purified.Amlodipine benzene sulphonate is a valuable anti-ischaemic and anti-hypertensive agent.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the preparation of 3-ethyl 5-methyl (.+-.) 2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-3,5-pyri dine-dicarboxylate monobenzenesulphonate (amlodipine benzenesulphonate) of formula ##STR1## wherein 3-ethyl 5-methyl (.+-.) 2-[2-(N-tritylamino)-ethoxymethyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl -3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate is reacted with benzenesulphonic acid in a methanolic or an aqueous methanolic medium at a temperature from 20.degree. C. to the reflux temperature and the title compound is isolated and purified.Amlodipine benzene sulphonate is a valuable anti-ischaemic and anti-hypertensive agent.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of calvulanic acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, such as potassium clavulanate, is described. According to the novel process, crude clavulanic acid, which is present in the form of an extract in an organic solvent, such as ethyl acetate, the extract having been obtained in known manner upon fermentation with a calvulanic acid producing microorganism, is reacted with substituted alkylenediamines of the formula II ##STR1## wherein the substituents R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 and n have the meanings as defined in claim 1, e.g. with N,N'-diisopropylethylenediamine, to the novel alkylenediammonium diclavulanates of the formula I ##STR2## wherein the substituents R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 and n have the meanings as defined in claim 1, e.g. to N,N'-diisopropylethylenediammonium diclavulanate.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel ergoline derivatives of 2-propinylamine of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a straight-chain or branched-chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group,X represents a hydrogen or a halogen atom,Z represents a carbonyl or methylene group andC.sub.9 C.sub.10 represents a single or a double bond, diastereomeric forms, racemates and acid addition salts thereof.There are also described a process for the manufacture of the compounds of the general formula I and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same.The compounds of the general formula I can be used in the pharmaceutical industry as active substances for the manufacture of medicaments used in the treatment of hypertension, migraine, anxiety states, depressions, obesity etc.

Abstract: There is described a new inclusion complex of nicardipine or its hydrochloride with beta-cyclohdextrin, which is prepared by admixing nicardipine or its hydrochloride with beta-cyclodextrin in a molar ratio of the compounds 1:0.9-1.1 under stirring at a temperature from about room temperature to the boiling temperature of the reaction mixture in an aqueous or ethanolic medium, cooling the reaction mixture to 0.degree. to 5.degree. C. and isolating the desired complex.The inclusion complex of nicardipine or its hydrochloride posesses cerebrovascular-vasodilatory and coronary-vasodilatory properties, which are equally well expressed as those of nicardipine or its hydrochloride themselves, yet owing to the better solubility of the complex at a higher pH range, such as it exists e.g. in the intestinal tract, the manufacture of sustained release pharmaceutical forms is made possible, whereby a greater extent of dissolution of the active substance is provided also in the intestinal juice.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of carnation plant named Mondriaan, characterized by its dark red main flower color with white margins and darker red throats; upper surfAce of flower is generally flat, generally wavy petal form, with crenate-dentate outer margin; elliptical, flat leaves which are blue-green in color, and it funnel-shaped calyx with short, acute lobes.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of carnation plant named Frans Hals, characterized by its bright red-purple base flower color, with darker red striations or speckles, generally flat flower form, generally wavy petal form, with crenate-dentate outer margin; relatively long and narrow leaves which are blue-green in color, and its funnel-shaped calyx with short, acute lobes infused with anthocyanin.