Abstract: An acoustic surface-wave filter comprises an element which is excitable to perform surface oscillations, which is formed at least partly of piezoelectric material and has interference locations for the surface wave on its surface together with electromechanical converter means, at least some of the interference locations forming a resonator with the average spacing of the interference locations being equal to a half of the wavelength of the surface waves or a whole number multiple of a half of the wavelength of the surface waves.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for combining high frequency power components with the same frequency which come from amplifiers or generators and are fed to a 90.degree. parallel circuit bridge having two substantially decoupled inputs with the input resistance values of these inputs depending on the output load. The operating voltage supplies of the amplifiers or generators are separately controllable and are controlled so that the output powers of these amplifiers or generators, respectively, remain substantially constant even with mismatching.

Abstract: A gas current blow-out switch has an electrically conducting compression cylinder, a stationary hollow power contact pin supported in the cylinder and a piston surrounding the pin and slidably received in the cylinder for compressing an arc-extinguishing gas therein. A nozzle is affixed to the cylinder for bounding one end thereof. A movable hollow power contact pin is supported coaxially with the stationary contact pin to assume open and closed positions. The switch has an electrically conducting stationary tube axially aligned with and spaced from the compression cylinder; a contact bridge slidably supported by and being in continuous electric contact with the stationary tube and the movable contact pin. The contact bridge has a closed position in which it electrically contacts the compression cylinder and an open position in which it is separated therefrom.

Abstract: In a circuit for setting a chrominance signal controlling the emission of an electron beam in the picture tube of a color television receiver, the circuit including an amplifier connected to amplify the chrominance signal, with the output of the amplifier being held at a constant voltage level during each horizontal line blanking period by means of a keying pulse, and in which the amplifier is provided with a feedback path including an amplification determining resistance network, keying pulses are fed into the resistance network in such a manner that variation of the resistance presented by the network produces a simultaneous change in the gain of the amplifier and the direct voltage level of the chrominance signal at the output of the amplifier.

Abstract: A conveyor-distributor apparatus for handling flat rectangular items, has a horizontal conveyor channel; a support face defining the conveyor channel floor on which the lower edges of the substantially upright oriented items are guided; and a plurality of consecutive deflector switches arranged along the conveying path of the conveyor channel. A guiding device is connected to each deflector switch for changing the orientation of the deflected items from the position they assumed in the conveyor channel to a flat-lying, stacking position. Each guiding device is constituted by a slide that comprises a curved deflecting surface having a first surface portion which adjoins the associated deflector switch and which is in alignment with the plane of the items as they emerge from the deflector switch subsequent to their deflection thereby.

Abstract: For determining the standard visual range by determining the relation between a measured signal and a reference signal, the two signals are processed purely electronically by amplifying one of the signals in an amplifier having a digitally programmed amplification factor controlled by a digital value representing the computed range, forming a quotient between the output of the amplifier and the other of the signals, employing the resulting quotient value to adjust the amplifier amplification factor to a value representative of the standard visual range, and providing a digital output corresponding to the amplification factor.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a vacuum envelope comprises heating a glass plate clamped at at least several points around its periphery and, when the glass begins to soften, pressing a stamp against the glass to deform it, the deformed glass then having its rim, formed by the clamping, removed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic recording material comprises a photoconductive layer of selenium, selenium compounds, or alloys with selenium, a conductive and flexible substrate, and an intermediate layer between the substrate and photoconductive layer, the intermediate layer being a metal having a modulus of elasticity of less than 6000 kp/mm.sup.2 and a recrystallization temperature of less than 40.degree. C.

Abstract: A system filter for double frequency utilization, including a broadband polarization filter in conjunction with frequency filters for separating two different frequency bands with each frequency band being doubly orthogonally polarized. The broadband polarization filter of singly symmetrical construction includes a doubly polarizable waveguide section which is axially divided by means of a partition into two symmetrical partial waveguides and the two frequency bands of the wave which is polarized parallel to the partition are each coupled out through a respective coupling window in two oppositely disposed walls of the waveguide section into a respective waveguide tee.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode including a casing with two flat outer light-emitting opposite parallel sides connected by a curved outer surface.

Abstract: A solar generator panel for satellite and terrestrial energy supply systems comprises a flexible support having a plurality of solar cells mounted on the support and being rollable and foldable therewith. Connector means are provided for electrically interconnecting the cells in either parallel or series. At least one conducting layer is applied to the opposite side of the support from the solar cells and is adapted to be grounded to the associated satellite or to the earth for the purpose of eliminating charged carriers. The back of the assembly is advantageously provided with a layer of adhesive mixed with electrically conducting particles and particularly silver powder particles which serve to connect the solar cells through to the satellite. The proportion of the electrically conductive particles in the adhesive layer is preferably about 50%.

Abstract: In a projectile or rocket having a metal outer shell and including a proximity or influence detonator which operates with electromagnetic waves, particularly according to the reflected beam principle, and a directional antenna with a rotationally symmetrical radiation diagram for said detonator, the antenna is constituted by a circular slot which is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the projectile or rocket and the antenna is excited with a line or cavity resonator disposed in the projectile or rocket and connected between the detonator and the antenna.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for a quartz controlled electrical clock comprising an oscillator stage a frequency divider separated from the oscillator stage by a gate controlled by a control logic unit, an output stage connected to the frequency divider and a stepping motor connected to the output stage, the control logic unit responding to a command signal to open the gate and disconnect the oscillator stage from the frequency divider with the frequency divider retaining its memory content at the instant of disconnection and with no current flowing through the drive coils of the stepping motor.

Abstract: To a water stream, during the steady flow conditions thereof, a friction-reducing additive is introduced from a vessel through a supply line by means of a mixing nozzle. During the transient flow conditions of the water stream, for preventing the admixture of the friction-reducing additive into the water stream, instead of this additive a buffer liquid is introduced into the supply line between the vessel and the mixing nozzle.

Abstract: A soldering jig made of plastic.

Abstract: In a method for de-icing aircraft surfaces by means of a plurality of electrical resistance heaters which are sequentially supplied with heating current, the delivery of current to each heater being effectuated during a succession of cycles each constituted by a heating period during which heating current is supplied to the heater and a nonheating period during which no current is supplied to the heater, thereby controlling the average current supplied to the heater, the range of ice accumulation rates to which the de-icing process can adjust is enlarged by controlling the duration of the heating periods in dependence on the temperature at the resistance heaters and by controlling the duration of the nonheating periods in dependence on the water content of the atmosphere surrounding the aircraft.

Abstract: In a circuit for the automatic dynamic compression or expansion of a signal between its input and its output, the circuit presenting a useful signal path connected between its input and its output and connecting a first variable gain member which is electronically controllable for varying the transmission factor between the circuit input and output, the circuit also presenting a branch path connected at one point to the useful signal path and containing a second variable gain member which is electronically controllable for varying the transmission factor exhibited by the branch path, and a control voltage generator for generating a control voltage applied to control the variable gain members for effecting a counterregulation of the transmission factor of the branch path, relative to the transmission factor variation imparted to the useful signal path, there is further provided a combining circuit which receives the output signal from the second variable gain member and a signal proportional to a signal at a p

Abstract: A method for detecting a predetermined code word contained in received signals in a transmission system which operates with a four-phase type of modulation at the transmitter and coherent demodulation at the receiver, the code word being transmitted only as signals in two phases which are 180.degree. apart and the received signals being divided into orthogonal voltage components during demodulation, which method includes selecting that one of the sum and difference of the voltage components which has the larger absolute magnitude value, and evaluating the received signal in accordance with the algebraic sign of that one of the sum and difference which is thus selected.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit whose gain bears a desired relation to a control voltage, including a differential amplifier, a plurality of impedances interconnected between the amplifier terminals and switches interconnected with the impedances and switchable between two states which create two impedance configurations that give the circuit mutually complementary gain vs. control voltage control characteristics.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for evaluating a received control signal of the type including a first signal of a first predetermined frequency and of a time duration which represents information, and a second signal which immediately follows the first signal in time and has a second predetermined frequency different than the first frequency. In the circuit arrangement the time duration of the first signal is determined by feeding the oscillations of the first signal to a memory which stores a count representative of the number of received oscillations of the first signal, and serially discharging the contents of the memory upon receipt of the second signal and supplying the contents in series to an output terminal which is connected to the control circuit for evaluating and responding to the information.