Abstract: A method for freely selectable substitution of the achromatic part in multi-color printing with the black ink on the basis of a spectrally photometrically scanned original, whereby supporting points in the color space are acquired in the spectrally photometric scanning of the original. Corresponding to a preselected degree, the achromatic part or the complementary color part of the colors of a printing color space constructed multi-color are replaced by the black ink. Supporting point data are photometrically acquired from a color scale specifically associated to a printing process. The printing color space is classified into a color model that is independent of a printing color (HSL Model, FIG. 1) and is displayed in this model. A two-dimensional, non-linear deepening field is formed with luminance values (FIG. 2) and a two-dimensional, non-linear desaturation field is formed with saturation values (FIG.

Abstract: A method and apparatus serves for filtering signals, whereby signal amplitudes can be allocated to a quantized, two-dimensional reference plane. For intensifying a useful signal part, a filtered signal can be added to an unfiltered input signal after constant parts as well as high-frequency parts have been filtered out. After a frequency-dependent filtering of the signal part to be filtered, components of the signal part to be filtered which have an amplitude above a prescribable threshold are eliminated in at least one contour filter stage. The threshold is adaptively adjusted dependent on an amplitude of the input signal. Over and above this, the output signal of the contour filter stage is subtracted from the output signal of the frequency-dependent filter for generating the overall filter signal.

Abstract: In the implementation of the method for manufacturing a surface structure in the region of a surface of a texture drum with an electron beam, the texture drum is charged with an electron beam having an energy density that produces the recess during at least two working intervals, and is charged therewith while a recess is being produced in the region of the surface. During at least one intermediate interval separating the working intervals from one another, the surface is charged by an electron beam having an energy density that essentially leaves the recess in terms of its expanse.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for filtering signals wherein a signal input to which the input signal is connected connects through a delay unit to a signal output and also connects through a filter branch to the signal output. The filter branch filters out constant parts and high-frequency parts of the input signal by the following steps. First the input signal is band-pass filtered. Thereafter, with a threshold filter, signal parts are eliminated having an amplitude below a prescribable threshold. In a following selector, signal amplitudes are allocated to a quantized, two-dimensional reference plane, and isolated signal parts are eliminated within the reference plane. Finally, a signal reconstruction is implemented by interpolation for coordinates of the reference plane at which a signal amplitude of a filtered signal part is essentially equal to zero.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for setting sharpness of an optical image system by step-by-step adjustment of the distance between a subject and an objective until a maximum is achieved for respectively identified sharpness values of the objective.

Abstract: A deflection device is provided which serves the purpose of deflecting optical radiation and is designed of at least one prism. The prism is provided with at least one reflection surface and is rotationally seated with respect to a rotational axis. In order to enable high speeds, the deflection device is designed of at least two prisms that have an essentially symmetrical mass distribution with respect to the rotational axis.

Abstract: A device is provided for division of a light beam into two sub-beams. A polarization beam splitter is provided having a polarizing layer which, dependent upon polarization direction, resolves an incident polarized light beam into a beam component reflected by the polarizing layer as a first sub-beam, and into a beam component transmitted in a direction of an axis of the light beam. The polarization beam splitter is followed along the beam axis by a phase transformer and by a mirror. The phase transformer undertakes a transformation of a linear polarization into circular polarization upon passage of the transmitted beam component therethrough. The resulting circularly polarized beam component is then reflected at the mirror. The phase transformer then produces phase rotation of the polarization by 90.degree. upon passage of the beam component reflected by the mirror.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the analysis of a color cast in a color original to be reproduced, by evaluating color values acquired by point-by-point and line-by-line, trichromatic scanning with an image processing input device. For acquiring a color cast in the color original, a region of high luminance values (light image region) and/or a region of low luminance values (dark image region) of the luminance component L* of the color values L*, a*, b* in the color original to be analyzed is/are subdivided into at least one luminance region. The value of a potentially existing color cast in the luminance region is identified by averaging the color components a*, b* of the color values L*, a*, b* in the luminance region. The color cast value to be utilized for the evaluation of the color cast analysis is formed by selection and/or combination of color cast values identified for individual luminance regions.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a method and a device for generating a digital lookup table for printing inks in image reproduction equipment. Color scan values obtained by photoelectric scanning of an original are used for this purpose. The full colors of the three printing inks and white are measured. Model colors are determined which are in as linear as possible a relationship to the printing inks. This is achieved by a position of the chromaticity range of the print scale such that the primary stimuli of the model colors in the chromaticity diagram are each on one beam of the trajectories of the scale colors through the white point while the triangle set up between the primary stimuli encloses the chromaticity range of the print scale. The scale division of the primary stimuli is adjusted with a cube root to the printing inks. The number of fields to be scanned is determined on the basis of the measured values of the space diagonals. A cubic spline interpolation follows to generate the lookup table.

Abstract: In an optical positioning system for at least two picture elements, a wavelength-dispersive, first light-deflecting element is used which deflects light beams in a first deflection direction according to their wavelength. In order to enhance the positioning speed, the optical system comprises two narrow-band light sources with a controllable wavelength for every picture element. The first light-deflecting element is arranged in the beam path of a second light-deflecting element with which an additional, essentially wavelength-independent deflection can be implemented. The range of deflection of the first light-deflecting element is thereby noticeably smaller than that of the second light-deflecting element. The ray beams of the light sources charge or impinge upon the wavelength-dispersive element in common.

Abstract: A method for the point-by-point and line-by-line recording of rastered images, whereby, in order to avoid discontinuous changes of the raster density, a modulation signal that increases the raster density to be recorded and a modulation signal that reduces the raster density are superimposed, at least in one direction of an image coordinate, on the image signal which determines the raster density to be recorded. As a result, at least one reduced and one enlarged raster point is recorded in respective alternating fashion in at least one expanse of the raster between the raster points that reproduce the raster density to be recorded. An apparatus for implementation of the method comprises a modulator which combines an image signal with a modulation signal. The modulator is connected to a modulation generator that generates the modulation signal and in which the amplitude of the modulation signal is influenced, dependent on the amplitude of the image signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for stabilizing the speed of a motor has a phase comparator that identifies a phase difference between a reference signal and a speed signal. The apparatus acquires the speed of the motor and generates an output signal proportional to the identified phase difference. A controller receives the output signal. A control circuit for the motor is connected to the controller. The phase comparator comprises a sample-and-hold element, a sampling pulse shaper that is connected thereto and is input with the speed signal, a pulse shaper input with the reference signal, and a signal generator connected to the output of the pulse shaper and to the input of the sample-and-hold element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing color values in the reproduction of color originals. Color values (R.sub.0, G.sub.0, B.sub.0) are acquired from original pixels (P.sub.0) arranged in an original raster network by pixel-by-pixel and line-by-line, optoelectronic scanning of color originals. For modifying the reproduction scale, an output raster network is generated for output pixels (P.sub.A) to be reproduced and the color values (R.sub.A, G.sub.A, B.sub.A) of the output pixels (P.sub.A) are respectively calculated from the color values (R.sub.0, G.sub.0, B.sub.0) of the original pixels (P.sub.0) within an interpolation window shiftable across the original raster network, being calculated by weighting the color values (R.sub.0, G.sub.0, B.sub.0) with previously calculated weighting coefficients (k.sub.M) for the scale modification and by addition of the weighted color values.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for automatically clamping film material onto the recording drum of a reproduction device and for releasing the film material exposed by a recording element from the recording drum. The apparatus has a roll film cassette introducible into a light tight portion of the reproduction device. Conveyor and guide surfaces are provided between the roll film cassette and the recording drum. Film conveying means is provided for conveying the film web situated in the roll film cassette to the recording drum. A film cutting means is provided for the separation of film sheets. A film length measuring means, a pressure means having a lowerable pressure roller for the film sheets, a positioning drive for turning the recording drum into a start of clamping, start of exposure and start of release position, and a lift-off means having a lowerable lift-off finger for peeling the exposed film sheets from the recording drum are all provided. The film sheets are fixed on the recording drum by vacuum.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for setting the sharpness of an optical imaging system by step-by-step adjustment of the distance between a subject and an objective and by evaluating the sharpness values identified for the individual distances. First, the sharpness values (S) for two distances (R) modified proceeding from a prescribed distance (Ro) by a respective step width in both adjustment directions are identified and the best sharpness value is determined by comparing these sharpness values (S) to the sharpness value (So) for the prescribed distance (Ro). Respectively two distance points (R1 through R4) having defined step widths proceeding from the prescribed distance (Ro) are then identified in an allowed range of adjustment (VS) and the appertaining sharpness values (S1 through S4) are identified.

Abstract: A method for defining a new value of K (black) corresponding with a change in CMY components. Original CMYK printing colors are provided. The original CMY printing colors are corrected to create new CMY printing colors. A value of a smallest one of the original CMY colors is sensed. A value of a smallest one of the new CMY colors is sensed. By use of each of these smallest values, the original K printing color value is modified to create a recalculated K printing color value. The recalculated black value corrects for distortion of original gray balance.

Abstract: An apparatus for deflecting an optical beam is designed as a prism and has an entry face as well as two reflection faces and two exit faces. The prism is essentially symmetrically constructed with reference to a rotational axis. The entry face is oriented essentially perpendicularly relative to the rotational axis. Those sides of the prism facing away from the entry face are designed as reflection faces having an inclination relative to the rotational axis, these reflection faces adjoining one another in the region of the rotational axis. Those sides of the prism facing away from the rotational axis are designed as exit faces which adjoin the entry face and the respective reflection face and, proceeding from the entry face, extend with increasing distance from the rotational axis.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a device for automatically clamping and releasing film material onto or, respectively, from the recording drum of a reproduction device with vacuum suctioning. The device is composed of a roll film cassette, of a conveying and guide surface, of a film cutting means, of a film length measuring means, of a pressure means having a pressure roller, of a lift-off means having lift-off finger, as well as drives for turning the recording drum and for conveying the film material to the recording drum. The recording drum comprises axially proceeding suction hole rows for suctioning the film material by vacuum. A vacuum distributor controllable by the rotational motion is arranged in the recording drum, this vacuum distributor successively connecting the individual suction hole rows to the stationary vacuum pump during clamping, so that the suction hole rows are charged with vacuum step-by-step with increasing wrap of the recording drum by the film material.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for producing rastered printing forms having rasters with arbitrary raster angles on the basis of at least one recording beam moving across a recording medium. The recording beam is switched on or, respectively, off corresponding to the size and position of raster dots. A switch signal for the recording beam is generated by a signal comparison between the image signal, which represents the tonal values of an original, and stored raster thresholds, which represent the periodic basic structure of a raster mesh. Coordinate increments corresponding to the proceeding recording are accumulated dependent on the screen angle to form coordinate values. A plurality of most significant binary places of the coordinate values form addresses for reading out the stored raster thresholds. Random numbers are superimposed on the coordinate values.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing color values in the reproduction of color originals. Color values (R.sub.0, G.sub.0, B.sub.0) of original pixels (P.sub.0) arranged in an original raster network are acquired by pixel-by-pixel and line-by-line, optoelectronic scanning of color originals. For modifying the reproduction scale, an output raster network is generated for output pixels (P.sub.A) to be reproduced, and the color values (R.sub.A, G.sub.A, B.sub.A) of the output pixels (P.sub.A) are respectively calculated from the color values (R.sub.0, G.sub.0, B.sub.0) of the original pixels (P.sub.0) within an interpolation window that is shiftable across the original raster network, being calculated by weighting the color values (R.sub.0, G.sub.0, B.sub.0) with previously calculated weighting coefficients (k.sub.M) and by addition of the weighted color values. A disturbing color offset arises when the color components of the original pixels (P.sub.0) are sequentially scanned in successive scan lines.