Abstract: A preprocessing script-based data communications system and method that embeds information regarding the previous state of the system within script data. This effectively imposes a state memory upon what would otherwise be a stateless system. Typically, the scripts processed by this system are similar in structure and format to ordinary HTML scripts, with the addition of several commands that facilitate programming embedded state information. Within systems employing the invention a client is afforded the capability of having one script influence another by exploiting the preprocessor imposed state memory. In addition, the invention provides these advantages to a client without the need for storing state information on a data system server, thereby providing increased system security.

Abstract: Initially storing multimedia messages from an originating communication terminal to a destination communication terminal on the destination communication terminal. If the destination communication terminal cannot store messages, then the message is stored on the originating communication terminal. The destination communication terminal may not be able to store messages because it no longer has present message storage facilities on an internal storage unit or it does not have any internal storage capability for messages. Similarly, the originating communication terminal also may have exceeded its capacity to store messages or may not have any internal storage devoted to the storing of messages. The destination communication terminal maintains a list of messages that are stored on other communication terminals. In addition, if the originating communication terminal cannot store messages, a message is stored on a third terminal which has the capacity to store messages.

Abstract: 1.times.2 and more complex switching operations use routing corresponding with guides produced by heating with a laterally-homogeneous layer. Strip heaters, in contact with a silica-based sandwich structure, thermally increase refractive index to define laterally-constrained cores within the center layer.

Abstract: Thermal expansion mismatch between solder and substrate can result in substrate cracking, especially in the case of brittle substrates, e.g., Si or glass. This problem can be substantially eliminated through use of a novel bonding pad structure that comprises a sacrificial layer and a confinement layer disposed on the former, with a window through the latter. The confinement layer (e.g., Ti or Cr) is selected to be substantially inert with respect to the solder (e.g, AuSn) at the soldering temperature, and the sacrificial layer (e.g., Au) is selected to interact with the solder at that temperature, such that the molten solder consumes at least some of the sacrificial material, with the interface between the molten material moving laterally underneath the confinement layer. After re-solidification of the molten material the structure effectively has a distributed interface between the resolidified material and the substrate, with attendant decrease of stress in the substrate.

Abstract: A telecommunications operation support facility is arranged so that a user may easily build and/or update a program implementing a test strategy for testing a special services circuit without having to consider certain aspects that make the strategy complex. Such aspects include, inter alia, the configuration of the section of the special service circuit that is to be tested and the "vintage" of a remote test system which provides a way of accessing the section from a remote test point.

Abstract: A speech recognition method implemented in a computer system recognizes words without requiring prior creation of models for such words based on spoken entries. A key word is entered in nonspoken form and a string of phonemes are defined by the speech recognizer to represent the new key word. A response signal is generated from each phoneme in the new key word model. Such response signals are utilized to define a multidimensional validity field for the new key word. Upon receipt of a spoken word from a user, a string of phonemes is assigned to represent the spoken word. A response signal from each phoneme in the model used to represent the spoken word is contrasted with the validity fields previously defined for the corresponding key word. A determination is made as to whether the spoken word is valid or not based on whether the response signals representing the spoken word lie within the validity fields.

Abstract: The methods and systems of the invention enable connectionless-oriented server and client programs operating on processing systems to communicate with connection-oriented routines operating on different processing systems linked to connectionless or connection-oriented networks by establishing connections or communications virtual circuits between such programs. The connectionless-oriented server and client programs may be modified to communicate with a connection manager to establish a virtual circuit before initiating communications with the connection-oriented routines. The invention further utilizes encapsulators and decapsulators to enable communication programs to transfer data packets in a first format on an established virtual circuit over a network transmitting data in a second format.

Abstract: A fast crash safe method and apparatus for enforcing mutually exclusive access to shared resources in a computer system through the use of semaphores. The acquisition and release of the semaphores is implemented at the user process level. An overestimate and underestimate of semaphore ownership are maintained in memory by library provided semaphore acquisition and release code. A cleanup routine reconciles the overestimate and underestimate to determine the ownership status of the semaphores.

Abstract: A light source includes a light emitting diode and an optical fiber having a first end coupled to the output of the light emitting diode. A single or multiple transverse mode optical semiconductor amplifier has an input coupled to a second end of the optical fiber. The light source may be fabricated from discrete components or alternatively it may be fabricated as a monolithically integrated device.

Abstract: A power system plant includes a backplane arrangement including a primary and secondary bus to which intermediate power processing modules are selectively connected to the input and output power control and monitors of the plant. The backplane connections are controlled by the plug-in power processing modules. the resulting connections are unique to the type of plug-in module placeed on an input shelf (i.e. rectifier or converter plug-in module) and determine how the plant is to operated. The connections of these plug-in modules to the backplane connector are such that the plug-in module is designed to have its connectors connect to either primary or secondary referenced control signals. The connectors of the backplane accept both type of plug-in modules so that any plug-in module inserted is automatically connected to respond to the appropriate primary or secondary referenced control signals.

Abstract: A network data stream synchronization method and system are disclosed. Operating delay and loss parameters are accepted and a data stream buffer is initialized. The network delay experienced by a data packet is determined and a buffer delay is imposed to provide a fixed end-to-end delay. Packets arriving too late to be played within the fixed end-to-end delay are discarded. Network delay models may be updated and clock drifts may be detected and compensated for using historical buffer data.

Abstract: An optical communication system is disclosed including an all-optical device whose output modulated optical beam is locked to an input modulated optical beam. In a specific embodiment of the system, the device may be a self-electro-optic effect device (SEED), which is operated as an oscillator by means of an associated tank circuit. Such an embodiment permits recovery of a clock frequency from a bit stream which is input into the device. When the output of the device is directed into an optical decision element, an all-optical regenerator may be realized.

Abstract: A telephone message system overcomes the problems and limitations of presently available systems that seek to enhance inter-and intra-premises communications. The system advantageously comprises a controller unit with Caller ID capabilities and one or more adjunct units that are bridged onto a single wire-pair at a user's residential location in a parallel electrical connection. These customer installable units are merely plugged into any telephone jack and share a telephone wire-pair with existing telephone extensions without interference. Such operation is possible since communication between the controller unit and the adjunct units is limited to a frequency band different from the audio frequency band used by the existing telephone extensions on the single wire-pair. The controller unit, in one configuration, operates as an answering machine with multiple mailboxes. This functionality is advantageously combined with Caller ID, intercom and speakerphone capabilities.

Abstract: A new method for the manufacture of glass films on substrates involves the flame reaction of an aerosol comprised of droplets of a solution containing all the precursors for the glass. A solution containing the precursors for all oxide components is atomized, and the resulting droplets are reacted in a flame to form spherical glass particles which are deposited on a heated substrate. By moving the substrate through the flame, a homogeneous deposit is achieved. Subsequent heat treatment in a furnace sinters the porous particle layer into a clear glass. The method has been successfully employed for the formation of sodium borosilicate glass films on silicon substrates and rare earth-doped multicomponent glass films for active devices.

Abstract: A combined wavelength router and switch apparatus for use in an optical communication system is disclosed. The apparatus includes arrays of optical signal demultiplexers, wavelength division switches, space division switches and multiplexers, arranged in a manner that can increase the connectivity of an optical system using wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) signals. In several embodiments, time-multiplexed wavelength division switches and time-multiplexed space division switches may be used to increase further the degree of connectivity of the system or to reduce the number of wavelength division switches and space division switches required. Additional arrays of wavelength division switches or time-multiplexed wavelength division switches may be included to allow carrier frequencies to be shifted to meet the channel ordering requirements of the optical system.

Abstract: The present invention is a portable base station (PBS) switching device for use in a wireless ATM local area network (LAN). The PBS includes a plurality of high speed interfaces which operate, for example, in the Gb/s range and which are adapted to couple to other PBS s in the network. The high speed interfaces are coupled to an ATM switching fabric adapted to selectively route incoming ATM cells to an appropriate output port in said PBS without any VPI (virtual path identifier) translation at transit PBSs. The PBS includes wireless interface and processor unit for coupling to mobile users which may include laptop and notebook computers. Memory is included within the processor unit for selectively storing ATM cells according to their VPI. In one preferred embodiment of the PBS a passive optical unit is used to transmit and receive data between PBSs. The passive optical unit may include a laser transmitter and optical receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a conformance test data sequence of minimal length to verify that a device conforms to a protocol entity which can be characterized by a simplified extended finite state machine. The method generates an expanded directed graph of the protocol wherein each state is represented by a state vertex and a dummy vertex which are connected to other similar state and dummy vertices by directed edges in a configuration corresponding to the operation of the machine. The directed edges are then assigned traversal numbers corresponding to the minimum number of times a respective directed edge need be traversed in order to test values in a predetermined test data set. The traversal numbers of the expanded directed graph are balanced to form a symmetric expanded directed graph. An Euler tour and a corresponding unique input-output sequence of the last state of the Euler tour are generated to form the conformance test data sequence.

Abstract: Partial-Scan testing of an integrated circuit (10) having a Boundary-Scan architecture (18) is accomplished by way of a Partial-Scan controller (36) contained within the integrated circuit. In response to control signals generated by Boundary-Scan architecture (18), the Partial-Scan controller (36) generates a set of Partial-Scan control signals for causing the integrated circuit to accomplish Partial-Scan testing. In this way, the Partial-Scan control signals necessary to accomplish Partial-Scan testing are generated internally, rather than requiring a separate set of input pins to receive the Partial-Scan control signals from an external source.

Abstract: The system of the invention has particular application to a wide area network (WAN) where call routing information often changes in one local area network (LAN) (e.g. a switching system) while other LANs (e.g. cellular communication systems) are unaware of the changes. Because of the heavy flow of traffic in such networks, the minimization of administrative traffic data is desirable. The invention solves the need for constant updating and auditing of the LANs in the WAN. One LAN is considered the master LAN for a given parameter and contains an accurate directory of administrative data for that parameter. Each of the other LANs operate on the assumption that the administrative or directory information it contains is correct.

Abstract: A method for bonding one body to another, such as a laser device to a submount, uses a metallic layer composed of a Group VB metal, such as niobium, sandwiched between a non-metallic layer and solder layer formed by an approximate Au-Sn eutectic layer. Advantageously the Group VB layer is formed at a submount temperature of less than approximately 201.degree. C., advantageously less than approximately 125.degree. C., and preferably less than approximately 101.degree. C.--advantageously to a thickness in the approximate range 0.05 .mu.m to 0.2 .mu.m, or even thinner if pinholes do not develop. The non-metallic layer is located on one of the bodies, and the other body has a metallic coating advantageously capped with an Au layer.