Abstract: Wavelength control and stabilization of a laser is achieved by a practical, inexpensive, and accurate technique adapted for most optical transmission system applications by a method involving a laser characterization phase and a laser wavelength control and stabilization phase. This technique is applicable to both single mode lasers and multimode lasers. It is especially useful in those applications where the desired laser output power can vary over a wide range, including relatively low power above the lasing threshold.

Abstract: A system for efficiently sending cells in-order to independent switching fabrics according to a serial high speed interface (HSI) protocol. The system includes redundancy in that fabrics may be removed by deleting the fabrics from striping and reassembly sequences. When fabrics are added, the fabrics are added to the striping and reassembly sequences. The system is efficient due in part to in-order transmission of cells serially across multiple fabrics. Full fabric bandwidth is thereby utilized without reordering overhead. Since packets are striped across all available fabrics, load is balanced across the fabrics.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for clock and data recovery that is advantageous in burst-mode systems is disclosed. This clock and data recovery method allows a) fast locking to a rapidly changed phase of the transmission clock, and b) stable tracking of a slowly changing phase of the transmission clock. Such fast locking minimizes the “guard band” between consecutive transmission bursts, while stable tracking provides reliable data tracking, resulting in the efficient use of bandwidth. A plurality of clock signals, is generated, each having a different phase. The phase of an input signal data stream is determined and a desired clock signal in the plurality that corresponds to the phase of the input data stream is selected and used to sample the input signal data stream.

Abstract: A method of fulfilling a request for information content with a user-selectable version of a file containing that information content. Selection of a hyperlink to information content results in generation of a menu of versions of files containing that information content. The menu displays options for versions which are derivable therefrom by a computer program for converting files from one version to another version. Selection of an option for a materialized version results in transmission of the materialized version. Selection of an option for a version which is not materialized results in derivation of the user-selected version from either a materialized version or any other version from which the user-selected version may be derived. Apparatuses for carrying out the inventive method are also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided of transmitting a control message on a Forward Access Channel (FACH) from a base station in a network for mobile telecommunications in response to a Random Access Channel (RACH) message received from a mobile user terminal. The RACH message indicates to the base station a value of a parameter dependent upon signal attenuation between base station and mobile user terminal. The control message is transmitted repeatedly, the number of times transmission of the FACH control message is repeated being selected dependent upon the value of the parameter.

Abstract: In this invention, a wireless terminal location is monitored and used to locate providers of a requested service that are proximate to the location of the wireless terminal. At least one of the providers located is selected and identified by name and/or telephone number and/or the location, etc., and this information is delivered to and stored in the directory of the wireless terminal. The process is repeated as necessary to update the list of service providers when the wireless terminal is transported to a new location area. The service providers located can represent any category of service desired such as emergency facilities (especially in a foreign country) such as paramedics, hospital, police, or roadside assistance, etc.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for directing energy in a plurality of azimuth directions. The amount of energy directed in the azimuth direction of a mobile terminal is a function of the location and acceptable receive strength of at least two mobile terminals. The function is such that the strength of an EM field at the location of any of these two mobile terminals is at least as large as, but not significantly larger than, needed for that mobile terminal to acceptably receive the signal carried by the EM field. The amount of energy to be directed in the azimuth direction of a mobile terminal is arrived at by first determining for each one of the mobile terminals an EM field that would have to be generated for the mobile terminal in order to provide an acceptable receive strength thereat, the determining taking into account the strength, at the location of the mobile terminal, of EM fields previously determined for others of the mobile terminals.

Abstract: In the method according to the present invention, a transmit power for each eigenbeam in a set of eigenbeams forming at least a portion of a multiple transmit antenna system is determined based on noise associated with each eigenbeam in the set of eigenbeams. The set of eigenbeams is for transmitting a number of parallel complex Gaussian channels.

Abstract: A field-effect transistor includes source, drain, and gate electrodes; a crystalline or polycrystalline layer of inorganic semiconductor; and a dielectric layer. The layer of inorganic semiconductor has an active channel portion physically extending from the source electrode to the drain electrode. The inorganic semiconductor has a stack of 2-dimensional layers in which intra-layer bonding forces are covalent and/or ionic. Adjacent ones of the layers are bonded together by forces substantially weaker than covalent and ionic bonding forces. The dielectric layer is interposed between the gate electrode and the layer of inorganic semiconductor material. The gate electrode is configured to control a conductivity of an active channel part of the layer of inorganic semiconductor.

Abstract: A method is provided for transmitting signals from a transmitter comprising two or more antennas in a mobile telecommunications network. The method involves determining channel state information, estimating the reliability of that channel state information, and space time block encoding at least one data sequence. Before transmitting the data sequence, a linear transformation is applied to the data sequence so as to at least partially compensate for channel variations. The linear transformation is dependent upon the channel state information and upon the estimated reliability of the channel state information.

Abstract: Methods and systems for a mixed time-frequency domain compander, where the expander and compressor are applied in the frequency domain (subbands), while the limiter and the linear gain are applied in the time-domain (full band). Far-end noise reduction is achieved by adapting the expander gain to the far-end noise, near-end noise compensation is achieved by adapting the linear gain and the compressor gain to the near-end noise. The range of the linear gain section is set individually for each subband, but the linear gain is essentially applied to the full band signal via a scaling procedure. The scaling procedure first reduces the compander gain in the frequency domain by a scaling factor and then performs the reciprocal reverse scaling in the time domain. Far-end noise reduction is coupled to near-end noise compensation in order to avoid cross-modulation of the far-end noise by the near-end noise.

Abstract: Time magnification and heterodyning are combined to allow the single-shot characterization of the electric field of optical waveforms. The electric field of the source under test is obtained by Fourier processing of the magnified temporal intensity of the source heterodyned with a monochromatic source. An experimental implementation of this technique is characterized and used to measure various optical signals.

Abstract: A tunable laser module having two or more tunable lasers exhibiting different, possibly contiguous or partially overlapping wavelength regions. The lasers are integrated into a single package, thereby extending a total wavelength range for the package that is substantially beyond that covered by a single laser while—at the same time—providing gap-free wavelength range coverage. Of further advantage, the laser module employs a locking mechanism that is relatively immune from backscatter.

Abstract: A method comprising reducing an acenequinone to form an acenepolyhydrodiol by exposing the acenequinone to a reducing environment comprising an alkoxyaluminate.

Abstract: The method and apparatus is for providing a mobile station in a telecommunication network with capability of activating a high speed packet data session without subscribing to a high speed packet data service and selecting a higher data rate than the rate it is currently subscribing to.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed at techniques for detecting the “partial loss” of an upper layer frame. One technique envisions a detection platform adapted to determine whether a packet is a final packet for a particular upper layer frame. A comparator platform then compares packets received free of transmission errors with variables indicative of whether all received packets in the particular upper layer frame have been received correctly when a final packet is detected. A transmission platform then sends a signal indicative of whether the packets received without transmission errors constitute the particular upper layer frame so that lost packets can be retransmitted quickly.

Abstract: Local mobility within a subnet is supported by classifying wireless base stations, and the routers used to forward packets to those base stations, within defined domains. Domains are defined to incorporate a subnet having a plurality of base stations. Base stations are used by mobile devices to attach to the wired portion of a packet-based network, such as the Internet, and exchange packets thereover with a correspondent node. Packets sent from the correspondent node to the mobile device have a packet destination address corresponding to the mobile device. The mobile device retains this address for the duration of time it is powered up and attached to the Internet via any base station within a given domain. Host-based routing is utilized to update routing table entries corresponding to the mobile device at routers incorporated within a single domain.

Abstract: A method is provided of establishing or releasing a radio connection between a first mobile user station and a first cell for wireless telecommunications during a call with the first mobile user station. This is both whilst the call continues and dependent upon at least one predetermined criterion being met. This occurs in a network for wireless telecommunications handling calls with various data rates to mobile user stations such that some of the mobile user stations at a time have multiple radio connections to the network via multiple cells. A pilot signal is sent between the first cell and the first mobile user station. Received signal quality of the pilot signal between the first cell and the first mobile user station is detected. At least one predetermined criterion is selected dependent upon data rate of the call, and if it is determining that said signal quality of the pilot signal meets said at least one predetermined criterion, said radio connection is released or established.

Abstract: In a method of determining a beam to be generated for a user, a user may be selected from a user population based on a parameter that is tracked for each user in the user population, and a beam preferred by the selected user may be determined. The preferred beam may be generated and used by a base station to transmit a pilot signal to the user population. Each user of the user population responds to the pilot signal. The base station may run a scheduling algorithm and schedule a user based on feedback received from all the users in the user population, and information may be transmitted to the scheduled user using the preferred beam.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for blocking spam messages originated in a different network. An anti-spam check is made in response to an initial Send Routing Information (SRI) message received in a destination network of a message. The result of this check is sent back to the originating network along with a destination address of a switch in the destination network, and SRI spam code and Mobile Terminated (MT) Routing Address Correlation ID. If SRI spam code indicates a spam, then subsequent transmission of the MT message with the same Correlation ID is blocked in the interworking switch or SMSC.